Presentation
[…] region according to the EEG presentation, though no definite side could be identified and no focal clinical presentations was observed. [nature.com]
Modern digital television sets that cannot be maladjusted in this way and refresh the image on the screen at very high speed present less of a risk than older television sets. [en.m.wikipedia.org]
Entire Body System
- Asymptomatic
Google Scholar Robin JJ, Tolan GD, Arnold JW : Ten-year experience with abnormal EEGs in asymptomatic adult males. Aviat Space Environ Med 1978 ;49: 732 - 736. [journals.sagepub.com]
Asymptomatic people who have light sensitivity in EEG. [dovepress.com]
Musculoskeletal
- Muscle Twitch
Symptoms include: Loss of consciousness and patient falls to the ground Muscles contract and body stiffens Patient cries out Breathing pattern changes Patient bites tongue and inside of cheeks Limbs jerk or twitch as muscles tighten and relax Loss of [webmd.com]
These signs could be things such as dizziness, blurred vision, loss of awareness or muscle twitching. If this happens, you should immediately stop them playing the game. [epilepsyqueensland.com.au]
Neurologic
- Seizure
Medication and avoiding visual triggers can help gain seizure control. How do I know if I have photosensitive epilepsy? Some people only have photosensitive seizures, while others may have other seizure types as well as photosensitive seizures. [epilepsy.org.au]
The exact nature of the stimulus or stimuli that triggers the seizures varies from one patient to another, as does the nature and severity of the resulting seizures (ranging from brief absence seizures to full tonic–clonic seizures ). [en.m.wikipedia.org]
- Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure
Rare generalized tonic-clonic seizures may occur following the absence or myoclonic seizure. When generalized tonic-clonic seizures occur, it is usually by accident. [epilepsy.com]
The most common form of reflex epilepsy is visual sensitive or photosensitive epilepsy, in which flickering or flashing light provokes generalized tonic-clonic seizures. [aboutkidshealth.ca]
VEEG: video electroencephalography; PCR: photoconvulsive response; IPS: intermittent photic stimulation; GTCS: generalized tonic-clonic seizures; PGTCS: partial secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures; PS: partial seizures; ES: electrical seizures [nature.com]
Pure photosensitive epilepsy, characterized by generalized seizures exclusively provoked by a flicker, is typically a disorder of adolescence, with a female predominance. [30,66,67] The seizures are reported to be typically generalized tonic-clonic, as [medscape.com]
Epilepsies with onset in adolescence included juvenile absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, generalized tonic-clonic seizures on awakening, photosensitive epilepsy, mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, progressive myoclonic epilepsy and other partial [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Workup
EEG
- Epileptiform Activity
Right top: the same patterns that elicit gamma oscillations are also the most likely to evoke epileptiform activity and seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy. [popularmechanics.co.za]
Left bottom: noise patterns do not elicit large gamma oscillations and are also unlikely to trigger epileptiform activity. Credit: Hermes et al. [medicalxpress.com]
See Hamandi (doi:10.1093/awx049) for a scientific commentary on this article.Photosensitivity is a condition in which lights induce epileptiform activities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
When a significant mass of epileptogenic cortex is stimulated in response to a reflex activity, it can lead to generalized epileptiform activity or a clinical seizure via the participation and interaction of some cortical areas or of cortex and subcortical [dovepress.com]
Treatment
[…] a special diet (ketogenic diet) that can help control seizures Some people need treatment for life. [nhs.uk]
Epilepsy: Risks, Differences, And Treatments Epilepsy Treatment Update: Fats In The Human Brain Could Suppress Seizures, Study Finds [medicaldaily.com]
Stimulus avoidance and stimulus modification can be an effective treatment in some patients and can sometimes be combined with antiepileptic drug treatment. [medscape.com]
Photosensitive Epilepsy Treatment Tips The most important step for photosensitive epilepsy treatment is to be properly diagnosed. [theraspecs.com]
I have even seen websites for epilepsy treatment with blinking icons or scrolling banners. Real, real intelligent. [amazon.com]
Prognosis
Prognosis and Therapy The prognosis for control of seizures induced by visual stimulation is generally very good, [67,93,94,95,96,97] especially in pure photosensitive epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in which valproate is the drug of choice, [medscape.com]
It includes details of many recent studies including drug therapy and the genetics of photosensitivity and also looks at the long term prognosis for the condition, pattern sensitivity, video game epilepsy and provides advice on procedures to reduce the [amazon.com]
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI Jeavons PM, Bishop A., Harding GFA : The prognosis of photosensitivity. Epilepsia 1986 ;27: 569 - 575. [journals.sagepub.com]
Pazzaglia P, D'Alessandro R, Lozito A, Lugaresi E - Classification of partial epilepsies according to the symptomatology of seizures: practical value and prognosis implications. Epilepsia 23:343, 1982. [ Links ] 19. [scielo.br]
Etiology
In this article, the authors explain the clinical, electrophysiological, and etiological characteristics of this epilepsy syndrome. [medlink.com]
[…] of 100% oxygen.[5][6] There is considerable controversy over the diagnosis of birth asphyxia due to medicolegal reasons.[7][8] Because of its lack of precision, the term is eschewed in modern obstetrics.[9] Cause[edit] Basically, understanding of the etiology [en.wikipedia.org]
[…] where etiology may also be either idiopathic or symptomatic. [dovepress.com]
ES was defined as EEG seizure pattern similarly to the ictal pattern of PS but not accompanied by clinical manifestations and was classified as subclinical seizure activity. 2) An idiopathic etiology was considered according to the normal findings on [nature.com]
Epidemiology
Definition and Epidemiology Photosensitive epilepsy is a well-known condition characterized by seizures in patients who show photoparoxysmal responses on electroencephalography (EEG) elicited by intermittent photic stimulation. [1,2] First, it is important [medscape.com]
Concert organisers and audience should warn against the risk of seizures and promote precautionary measures in susceptible individuals. epilepsy epidemiology preventive medicine This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative [bmjopen.bmj.com]
Epidemiology Edit PSE affects approximately one in 4,000 people, or 5% of individuals with epilepsy. [1] It is more common in women and people who are younger. [1] Society and culture Edit Law Edit A law requiring PSE warnings be displayed on packages [en.m.wikipedia.org]
Epidemiology [ edit ] PSE affects approximately one in 4,000 people, or 5% of individuals with epilepsy. [1] It is more common in women and people who are younger. [1] Society and culture [ edit ] Law [ edit ] A law requiring PSE warnings be displayed [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology
Further studies could reveal the findings’ significance in the pathophysiology of epilepsy in children with ASD. [mdedge.com]
The pathophysiology of photosensitivity is still remained unclear. [nature.com]
Probably, the pathophysiologic mechanisms of photoparoxysmal response in some photosensitive patients might undergo an evolutionary process. [51] The large majority of patients do not need anticonvulsant therapy, but, when needed, the drug of choice is [medscape.com]
The general principles guiding the causes and the pathophysiology of perinatal asphyxia are grouped into antepartum causes and intra partum causes. As these are the various points to which insults can occur to the foetus. [en.wikipedia.org]
Dantendorfer K, Amering M, Baischer W, Berger P, Steinberger K, Windhaber J, Katschnig H: Is there a pathophysiological link between panic disorder and epilepsy? Acta Psychiatr Scand 1995;91:430–432. [karger.com]
Prevention
Luckily, there’s a new Epilepsy blocker for sufferers that helps prevent epileptic seizures and it comes in the form of a Chrome extension. [reclaimthenet.org]
Learn about contraception and ways to prevent and ways to prevent problems during pregnancy. Other medications that have been used to treat this epilepsy include benzodiazepines like clobazam (Onfi) or clonazepam, and topiramate (Topamax). [epilepsy.com]
Some recommendations regarding photo convulsive seizure prevention include: Placing a light filter on your television or computer screen to prevent excessive light contrast Avoiding situations with flashing lights Looking away from graphic patterns and [verywellhealth.com]
[…] causes exist, asphyxia and hypoxic-ihy affect a substantial number of babies, and they are preventable causes of cerebral palsy [en.wikipedia.org]
Therefore closing both eyes does not prevent photosensitive reaction but on contrary may increase risk because of red-tinted light filtering through the eyelids. [epilepsygroup.com]