The aim of the present article is to make the reader aware of such rare presentation of hydatid disease especially in endemic areas. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Abdominal Obesity

  We attribute this complication to significant abdominal obesity causing compromised pulmonary reserve and poor tolerance of transient hemidiaphragmatic paresis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Recurrent Pulmonary Embolism

  Discussion The diagnosis of phrenic nerve injury and diaphragmatic paralysis always represents a continuous challenge because the symptoms usually are misinterpreted with other cardiac causes of SOB like congestive heart failure, recurrent pulmonary embolism [omicsonline.org]

• Left Flank Pain

  In the operating room, he experienced a sudden onset of dyspnea, left-flank pain, chest discomfort, and anxiety. Lung sounds were diminished in the left hemithorax. He remained hemodynamically stable and oxygen saturation remained 95%. [healio.com]

• Osteophyte

  […] delivery (newborn) 5 neuromuscular diseases Parsonage-Turner syndrome 9 chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) 3 inflammation pneumonia empyema pleurisy herpes zoster infection 4 direct compression aortic aneurysm cervical osteophytes [radiopaedia.org]

  […] inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy) Parsonage-Turner syndrome Inflammatory conditions (pneumonia, emphysema, pleurisy, herpes zoster infection) Direct compression (occurs in patients who have been diagnosed with aortic aneurysm and cervical osteophytes [mddk.com]

  Common causes include: tumors like bronchogenic carcinoma or neuroblastoma, trauma like post thoracic or neck surgeries or penetrating injuries, neuromuscular diseases, inflammation, direct compression from aortic aneurysm or cervical osteophytes, toxins [omicsonline.org]

He had a bronchoscopy, 2 SNIFF tests, full blood panel workup to rule autoimmune and other issues, a stress test (he was out of wind after only 3 minutes on the treadmill, but interestingly, his oxygen saturation levels stayed at 98%. [steadyhealth.com]

Conclusion Although Lyme neuroborreliosis is a rare cause of diaphragmatic weakness, it should be considered in the differential workup because of its potentially treatable nature. [bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com]

• Left Pleural Effusion

  Abstract A 65 year old female patient developed a large left pleural effusion and a sternal split dehiscence following aorto-coronary artery bypass grafting. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Dyslipidemia

  He has a known history of heavy cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus on insulin since 20 years. [omicsonline.org]

We conclude that recently developed VATS plication is a safe and effective treatment for infants with phrenic nerve palsy, and should be considered as a surgical treatment at an early period. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis is influenced by the underlying cause. Nerve function does not usually recover in cases of neoplastic involvement. [radiopaedia.org]

Generally, there is a less favorable prognosis for those with bilateral brachial plexus palsy than for those afflicted in just one limb. [4] Phrenic nerve injury (3 rd, 4 th, 5 th cervical nerves) with diaphragmatic paralysis must be considered when cyanosis [afrjtrauma.com]

Prognosis The prognosis for unilateral paralysis is good, providing there is no underlying significant pulmonary or cardiac disease. Some patients recover without medical intervention. [cedars-sinai.edu]

Sex Like diaphragm eventration, diaphragm paralysis is more common among males. [9] Prognosis Unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis Depending on the etiology of the diaphragmatic paralysis, the prognosis of unilateral disease usually is excellent unless [emedicine.medscape.com]

Ventilation Rocking Bed CPAP/BiPAP Ventilator Phrenic Nerve Pacing Not usually useful (due to injured phrenic nerve/ pacing beyond site of injury is usually not possible due to atrophy of nerve) Direct pacing of muscle requires excessively high thresholds Prognosis [mdnxs.com]

Many contributing factors have been described but the etiology of bilateral phrenic nerve palsy following open cardiac surgery still remains unclear. Raised awareness of this condition is essential. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology Many cases are idiopathic or thought to be post viral 8,9. [radiopaedia.org]

These etiologies were not compatible with the clinical course, the lack of electromyographic evidence of diffuse neuropathy, and the normal postoperative computed tomographic scan of the chest. [anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org]

This uncommon cause of respiratory distress of newborn may be missed easily among multiple common etiologies of respiratory distress of newborn if this entity is not kept in mind and thorough examination is not done. [afrjtrauma.com]

If malignancy is not the cause, many times the etiology cannot be determined. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The epidemiology will therefore match that of the underlying etiology. Clearly presentation will depend on the underlying cause. In many cases of unilateral (majority of cases) phrenic nerve paralysis, patients are asymptomatic 7. [radiopaedia.org]

The epidemiology will therefore match that of the underlying etiology [ 1 ]. Most of the cases are idiopathic or even thought to be post viral. [omicsonline.org]

Epidemiology Frequency Incidence is unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Drugs 2000;59:1251-60. 13. Huang W, Calvo M, Karu K, Olausen HR, Bathgate G, Okuse K, et al. [lungindia.com]

[…] of Neurology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany (4) Department of Geriatrics, Weende Teaching Hospitals, An der Lutter 24, 37075 Goettingen, Germany References Hansen K, Lebech AM: The clinical and epidemiological [bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com]

It is concluded that phrenic nerve palsy might be part of the pathophysiological mechanism in strangulation and hanging, and clinical investigation to exclude diaphragm paralysis in survived cases should be considered. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

and the Department of Pathophysiology, University of Athens Medical School, Athens (G.E.T.). Address reprint requests to Dr. [nejm.org]

HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Drugs 2000;59:1251-60. 13. Huang W, Calvo M, Karu K, Olausen HR, Bathgate G, Okuse K, et al. [lungindia.com]

Diaphragmatic paralysis is an uncommon, yet underdiagnosed cause of dyspnea. [3] Pathophysiology Diaphragmatic paralyses encompass a spectrum of diseases involving a single leaflet, known as unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis (UDP), and that involving [emedicine.medscape.com]

Anesth Analg 1995; 81 :962–6 [PubMed] Gibson, GJ Diaphragmatic paresis: Pathophysiology, clinical features, and investigation. [anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org]

BACKGROUND: Electromyography-guided phrenic nerve (PN) monitoring using a catheter positioned in a hepatic vein can aid in preventing phrenic nerve palsy (PNP) during cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]