At present, several pathological grading systems are used. [nature.com]

We present here the case of a 40 year old women presenting an augmentation over one month of the volume of her right breast with an ulcerated mass measuring 25cm. The clinical characteristics were in favor as a malignant tumor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Homepage Rare diseases Search Search for a rare disease Phyllodes tumor of the breast Disease definition Phyllode tumor of the breast is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm accounting for less than 1% of all mammary tumors, usually presenting in adult females [orpha.net]

Patients typically present with a painless, rapid growing breast mass for which imaging is requested. Average sizes can vary from 3 to 5 cm at presentation 13. [radiopaedia.org]

• Pathologist

  Because they are uncommon, the classification of these tumors may vary significantly from one pathologist to another. [newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org]

  Once a biopsy is taken, a pathologist examines the tissue under a microscope to make a final diagnosis. In this process, the pathologist will also classify the phyllodes tumor as benign, borderline, or malignant. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  A pathologist examines the biopsy under a microscope. After putting together clinical findings, special studies on tissues (if needed) and with microscope findings, the pathologist arrives at a definitive diagnosis. [dovemed.com]

  This cancer is so rare that a confirmation by a second pathologist is required. What are the symptoms of Phyllodes tumors? These tumors will usually present as a breast lump. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

  Accepted: March 11, 2016; © 2016 College of American Pathologists [archivesofpathology.org]

• Swelling

  When lymphatics are blocked any place in your body, you get swelling and redness. [sharecare.com]

  A swollen part; a swelling: a plant tumor. [Middle English tumour, from Latin tumor, from tumēre, to swell; see teuə- in Indo-European roots.] tu′mor·al, tu′mor·ous adj. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. [thefreedictionary.com]

  Signs and symptom Phyllodes tumor The most common symptom of a Phyllodes tumor is a chest swelling or lump. The lump is easy to feel yourself or a doctor to feel when examining the breasts. [phyllodes.net]

  […] such as urea or mannitol to reduce brain swelling Pain medicines When the cancer has spread, treatment may focus on relieving pain and other symptoms. [ufhealth.org]

  On the other hand, in the event of a deleterious genetic mutation of BRCA1 or BRCA2 or of functional signs (discomfort, pain, swelling), its ablation is generally proposed. [acanceresearch.com]

• Lymphadenopathy

  55 years), ranging from benign to malignant and often presenting with well circumscribed mobile masses that grow rapidly and sometimes with additional non-specific symptoms such as dilated skin veins, nipple retraction, skin ulcers, palpable axillary lymphadenopathy [orpha.net]

  It is not fixed to muscles or tethered to skin. occasionally can give rise to axillary lymphadenopathy.[3] [explainmedicine.com]

  Patients may be misdiagnosed prenatally as having a lipoma, lymphadenopathy, or hidradenitis suppurativa [ 2 ]. [acanceresearch.com]

  One patient who had 21 cm size of the lump also presented with ipsilateral axillary lymphadenopathy on clinical examination. The duration of the presentation was Preoperative ultrasonography (USG) reports of breast were available with five patients. [cancerjournal.net]

• Asymptomatic

  Discussion Although PTs are predominantly benign and asymptomatic growths, in rare cases large tumors can present with hypoglycemia. [dovepress.com]

  Patient is asymptomatic for last six months and still on follow-up. [ispub.com]

  However, we did not perform additional evaluation of the anemia, as it was mild and asymptomatic. [e-crt.org]

  Cysts can be asymptomatic or painful. A physician may drain a cyst to alleviate symptoms. Cysts can feel very different depending on their size and if they are near the surface or deep in the breast tissue. [lvsurgical.com]

• Anger

  You may have many different emotions, including anger, resentment, guilt, anxiety and fear. These are all normal reactions and are part of the process many people go through when trying to come to terms with their condition. [macmillan.org.uk]

  More: After Cacioppo: Florida Rep looks toward the future The Florida Rep fired Cacioppo on April 5, citing behavioral problems that included “bullying, considerable absence, demeaning individuals (particularly women) … and anger management issues,” but [eu.news-press.com]

• Irritability

  Skin irritation or dimpling. Breast or nipple pain. Nipple retraction (turning inward). The nipple or breast skin appears red, scaly or thickened. Nipple discharge. A lump or swelling in the underarm lymph nodes. [sharecare.com]

  Daniel speculates that the concussion may have jostled his son's brain in a way that irritated the tumor and caused Logan's severe headaches. [dailymail.co.uk]

  In the literature, other symptoms including anxiety, irritability, weakness, severe sweating, and coma, have been described. Initial treatment of hypoglycemia can be oral glucose, and glucagon can be used to ameliorate acute hypoglycemia. [dovepress.com]

• Dysuria

  She reported symptoms of left-sided ischias and dysuria with urinary bleeding lasting for 2 weeks and dysuria with periodic urinary bleeding. [journals.lww.com]

Learn more about the steps of diagnosis, including: Digital mammography Ultrasound MRI Staging workup (for malignant tumors) Biopsy Pathology What is the treatment for Phyllodes tumors? Phyllodes tumors are treated by complete excision. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

At the initial workup of the primi her radiological workups were negative for distant metastasis. After 12 months postsurgery the patient was admitted for right chest pain and left pelvic pain. [ijpmonline.org]

Electrodiagnostics: Electrical testing of the nerves and spinal cord may be performed as part of a diagnostic workup. [panamacityspine.com]

A panel of cytokeratins (CKs) (CKAE1/AE3, CK5/6, 34βE12, cam 5.2) and myoepithelial marker p63 24 should be used for the workup because of variable staining patterns in metaplastic (sarcomatoid) carcinomas. [archivesofpathology.org]

Clinical trials test new treatments or different combinations of treatment. After phyllodes tumours treatment After your treatment you will have regular check-ups with the hospital team. [macmillan.org.uk]

However, according to the American Cancer Society, breast cancer survivors and likely to use some form of alternative or complementary therapy during cancer treatment and sometimes years after treatment was completed. [lymphedemapeople.com]

Treatment and Surgery for Phyllodes Tumors Phyllodes Tumors - Follow Up Care [news-medical.net]

Prognosis of these rare tumours is poor and treatment modality is not clearly defined. The rarity of this tumour and its successful treatment prompts us to report this case. [ecancer.org]

These subtypes are able to better predict the prognosis of the patient, Barrio explained. These malignant tumors, which are considered a sarcoma, are primarily treated by surgery and can recur locally. [onclive.com]

Prognosis is good unless metastases (usually pulmonary) are present. Click here for Patient Education NOTE: This is the Professional Version. [merckmanuals.com]

The relationship between tumor size and prognosis is not clear. [jtd.amegroups.com]

"The treatment and prognosis of patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast: an analysis of 170 cases". Cancer. 77 (5): 910–916. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<910::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-6. ISSN 0008-543X. PMID 8608483. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis is good unless metastases (usually pulmonary) are present. 1. [msdmanuals.com]

Epidemiology 1% of breast tumors Average age 45 years (age 25 - 30 years in Asians, Aust N Z J Surg 1988;58:301 ) Rare in children or men (gynecomastia is more likely) More common in Hispanics, particularly if born in Latin America ( Cancer 1993;71:3020 ) Etiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Usually, these tumors are associated with gynecomastia, with various etiological factors reported (9-18). [ar.iiarjournals.org]

Causes - Cystosarcoma phyllodes breast The etiology of CSP is unknown. Prevention - Cystosarcoma phyllodes breast Not supplied. Diagnosis - Cystosarcoma phyllodes breast Prognosis - Cystosarcoma phyllodes breast Not supplied. [checkorphan.org]

The etiology of phyllodes tumors is unknown. Because of limited data, the relative percentages of benign and malignant phyllodes tumors are not well defined. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] component organized in leaf-like pattern around benign epithelial / myoepithelial lined spaces Terminology Also called cystosarcoma phyllodes (coined by Johannes Müller but not a good term since usually benign) Also spelled phylloides Means "leaf" in Greek Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

"The descriptive epidemiology of malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes tumors of the breast". Cancer. 71 (10): 3020–3024. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930515)71:10<3020::aid-cncr2820711022>3.0.co;2-g. ISSN 0008-543X. PMID 8387873. S2CID 21014296. [en.wikipedia.org]

B. ( 2001 ), Statistical Methods in Spatial Epidemiology, New York : Wiley. [Google Scholar], 2008 ——— ( 2008 ), Bayesian Disease Mapping: Hierarchical Modeling in Spatial Epidemiology, Boca Raton, FL : Chapman and Hall/CRC. [tandfonline.com]

Gaffney, “Malignant phyllodes tumor of the female breast: association of primary therapy with cause-specific survival from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) program,” Cancer, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 2127–2133, 2006. [hindawi.com]

Pathophysiology and Etiology Phyllodes tumor is the most commonly occurring nonepithelial neoplasm of the breast, though it represents only about 1% of tumors in the breast. [3] It has a smooth, sharply demarcated texture and typically is freely movable [emedicine.medscape.com]

Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan (2) Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathophysiology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku Osaka, 537-8511, Japan [surgicalcasereports.springeropen.com]

Cystosarcoma phylloides: epidemiology, pathophysiology, pathobiology, diagnosis, therapy and survival. Arch Gynaecol. 1985; 236 :173–81. doi: 10.1007/BF02133961. [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] Tan EY, Tan PH, Yong WS, Wong HB, Ho GH, Yeo AW, Wong CY. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cystosarcoma phyllodes: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, pathology, diagnosis, therapy and survival. Arch Gynaecol 1985;236:171-81. 4. Tan EY, Tan PH, Yong WS, Wong HB, Ho GH, Yeo AW, et al. [cancerjournal.net]

S2CID 20319387. ^ "Recommendation: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce". www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org. [en.wikipedia.org]

Surgical decompression with or without radiation is the best modality of treatment to relieve pain, regain neurological functions and prevent disease progression. [minervamedica.it]

They are reviewing my case today, but I have a relative in Canada who has told me that the surgical resection margin in 1cm around the tumor site minimum there to prevent regrowth. [cancerresearchuk.org]

A physical examination a mammogram an ultrasound MRI biopsy (core needle, or excisional) How to prevent a Phyllodes Tumor? Local therapy is aimed at preventing the tumor from coming back in the breast. [breast-cancer.ca]