We present a sporadic case of suicidal plant poisoning wherein a 24-year-old man consumed 'gowri gedde' to end his life. Initially he presented with severe vomiting, diarrhoea and epigastric pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pain

  Initially he presented with severe vomiting, diarrhoea and epigastric pain. He died on the third day of ingestion due to multiorgan failure. Chemical analysis of blood and viscera obtained postmortem confirmed the presence of colchicine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain typically begin 2 – 24 hours after ingestion and may last several days. [kidemergencies.com]

  American Holly Berries are toxic, contain Ilicin Clinical signs Nausea, severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea Treatment - Ipecac, activated charcoal 14. Jerusalem Cherry 15. [slideshare.net]

  Conan Doyle’s investigation, together with more rigorous recent research, highlights the potency of gelsemium as a poison and the plant is no longer used for pain relief in mainstream medicine. [theguardian.com]

• Fever

  If the victim develops a fever for several days or experiences an excessive amount of inflammation, irritation, oozing, or itching, he/she should be treated by a doctor. [seniorprotection.com]

  […] hyperthermia or seizures, possibly physostigmine Dieffenbachia (dumbcane) Oral mucosal damage due to Ca oxalate crystals in leaves Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) Fava beans In patients with G6PD deficiency, gastroenteritis, fever [merckmanuals.com]

  In South America, the fruit has been used to treat colds, fever, and diseases as varied as edema and epilepsy, though no clinical trials support these uses. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Asymptomatic

  CONCLUSIONS: Most often, plant contact was accidental and patients remained asymptomatic or developed mild symptoms, which fully resolved within a short time. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] sodium thiosulfate (see cyanide poisoning) cardiac glycosides — digoxin immune Fab colchicine — antidote has been developed in France but is not commercially available Disposition discharge home if risk assessment does not predict severe toxicity and: — asymptomatic [lifeinthefastlane.com]

• Vomiting

  American Holly Berries are toxic, contain Ilicin Clinical signs Nausea, severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea Treatment - Ipecac, activated charcoal 14. Jerusalem Cherry 15. [slideshare.net]

  The most common symptoms were vomiting, coma, and seizures. Seven of the patients had confirmed hypoglycemia. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea which may be bloody and vomiting. 2. Holly berries contain ilex acid, which irritates the stomach and causes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. [kidemergencies.com]

  Don’t drink anything if you are vomiting as this could lead to choking or drowning. The same guidelines apply if you are providing care to a victim who is vomiting or unconscious. The poison control center may advise you to go to the hospital. [healthline.com]

  Initially he presented with severe vomiting, diarrhoea and epigastric pain. He died on the third day of ingestion due to multiorgan failure. Chemical analysis of blood and viscera obtained postmortem confirmed the presence of colchicine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Nausea

  Symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain typically begin 2 – 24 hours after ingestion and may last several days. [kidemergencies.com]

  A 72-year-old female with a known breast cancer was brought to our emergency department (ED) with complaints of nausea and vomiting. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  American Holly Berries are toxic, contain Ilicin Clinical signs Nausea, severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea Treatment - Ipecac, activated charcoal 14. Jerusalem Cherry 15. [slideshare.net]

  Nausea and digestive upset. Black Locust Bark, sprouts, foliage Children have suffered nausea, weakness and depression after chewing the bark and seeds. [aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu]

  Other symptoms may include: Burning in mouth or throat Damage to cornea of the eye Diarrhea Eye pain Hoarse voice Nausea or vomiting Swelling and blistering in the mouth or tongue Blistering and swelling in the mouth may be severe enough to prevent normal [coordinatedhealth.com]

• Diarrhea

  American Holly Berries are toxic, contain Ilicin Clinical signs Nausea, severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea Treatment - Ipecac, activated charcoal 14. Jerusalem Cherry 15. [slideshare.net]

  Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea which may be bloody and vomiting. 2. Holly berries contain ilex acid, which irritates the stomach and causes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. [kidemergencies.com]

  Other symptoms may include: Burning in mouth or throat Damage to cornea of the eye Diarrhea Eye pain Hoarse voice Nausea or vomiting Swelling and blistering in the mouth or tongue Blistering and swelling in the mouth may be severe enough to prevent normal [coordinatedhealth.com]

  PLANT TOXIC PART SYMPTOMS HOUSE PLANTS Hyacinth, Narcissus, Daffodil Bulbs Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. May be fatal. Oleander Leaves, branches Extremely poisonous. Affects the heart, produces severe digestive upset and has caused death. [aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu]

  Clinico-epidemiological manifestations of argemone oil poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, swelling of limbs, erythema, pitting edema, breathlessness, etc. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Abdominal Pain

  Symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain typically begin 2 – 24 hours after ingestion and may last several days. [kidemergencies.com]

  The early phase consists of nicotinic cholinergic stimulation resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  American Holly Berries are toxic, contain Ilicin Clinical signs Nausea, severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea Treatment - Ipecac, activated charcoal 14. Jerusalem Cherry 15. [slideshare.net]

  pain, loss of consciousness, convulsions within 24 h) were recorded in 2 districts of Haiti's Northern Province. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Abdominal Cramps

  Acontium spp and Delphinum spp, may be in Asian herbal medicines sodium channel activator GI symptoms: N&V, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea tachycardia, dysrhythmia, shock CNS effects: paresthesiae, paralysis, coma, seizures MODS, lactic acidosis Belladona [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  III) Gastrointestinal irritants cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, diarrhea Examples: green gill, gray pink gill, etc. 67. Green gill These large, common mushrooms often appear in fairy rings on suburban lawns, commonly called toadstools. [slideshare.net]

• Tachycardia

  These dysrhythmias include the following: Tachydysrhythmia, such as atrial tachycardia with block Junctional tachycardia Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with block Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia More than a single dysrhythmia may be present. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  The early phase consists of nicotinic cholinergic stimulation resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Nicotiana spp (tobacco) ingestion, inhalation or transdermal exposure is possible nicotinic syndrome: GI symptoms, sweating, tachycardia, hypotension, tremor, seizures Psychotropic alkaloids, e.g. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  One of the most toxic plants in the Western Hemisphere, consumption of Deadly Nightshade leads to delirium, hallucinations, dilated pupils, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, tachycardia, loss of balance, staggering, headache, rash, dry mouth and throat [oddee.com]

  Clinical features: tachycardia, dry flushed skin, dry mucous membranes, mydriasis, blurred vision, hyperpyrexia, urinary retention, confusion, disorientation, loss of short term memory, ataxia, visual and auditory hallucinations, psychosis, death 36. [slideshare.net]

• Hypotension

  The second inhibitory phase is delayed and often heralded by hypotension, bradycardia, and dyspnea, finally leading to coma and respiratory failure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Nicotiana spp (tobacco) ingestion, inhalation or transdermal exposure is possible nicotinic syndrome: GI symptoms, sweating, tachycardia, hypotension, tremor, seizures Psychotropic alkaloids, e.g. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  While usually fatal, if consumption of the castor bean doesn't kill you, you can look forward to symptoms like nausea, emesis, diarrhea, tachycardia, hypotension and seizures, often persisting for up to a week. 5 Water Hemlock (Cicuta) Water Hemlock grows [oddee.com]

  Complications Complications of herbal cardiac glycoside toxicity are secondary to inadequate tissue perfusion caused by dysrhythmia-induced hypotension and include the following: Hypoxic seizures Myocardial ischemia Mortality/morbidity Factors increasing [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Hypertension

  The early phase consists of nicotinic cholinergic stimulation resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Gastroenteritis Supportive care Jimsonweed Anticholinergic symptoms, hyperthermia, seizures, hallucinations Supportive care For severe hyperthermia or seizures, possibly physostigmine Licorice (not the artificially flavored licorice candy) Hypokalemia, hypertension [merckmanuals.com]

• Blurred Vision

  These include skin rash, blurred vision, visual disturbances such as halos, diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, irregular or slowed heartbeat, weakness, low blood pressure, confusion, dizziness, headache, fainting, depression, [homeguides.sfgate.com]

  Initial symptoms from an overdose would typically include dizziness, nausea, blurred vision and convulsions. At larger doses, it causes paralysis of the spinal cord, leading to almost complete loss of muscular power and eventually asphyxia. [theguardian.com]

  One of the most toxic plants in the Western Hemisphere, consumption of Deadly Nightshade leads to delirium, hallucinations, dilated pupils, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, tachycardia, loss of balance, staggering, headache, rash, dry mouth and throat [oddee.com]

  Clinical features: tachycardia, dry flushed skin, dry mucous membranes, mydriasis, blurred vision, hyperpyrexia, urinary retention, confusion, disorientation, loss of short term memory, ataxia, visual and auditory hallucinations, psychosis, death 36. [slideshare.net]

  They include dryness in the mouth, thirst, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, blurred vision from the dilated pupils, vomiting, excessive stimulation of the heart, drowsiness, slurred speech, hallucinations, confusion, disorientation, delirium, and [thepoisongarden.co.uk]

• Dermatitis

  See Dermatitis Pokeweed Mucous membrane irritation, gastroenteritis Supportive care Pothos Oral mucosal damage due to Ca oxalate crystals in leaves Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) Yew Gastroenteritis Rarely, seizures, [merckmanuals.com]

  Patients can also experience dermal and ocular exposure, resulting in contact dermatitis or keratoconjunctivitis. Symptoms that result from these routes of exposure also appear to resolve with supportive care. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  […] hypoglycin toxicity) — anaphylaxis Supportive care and monitoring, may include: neurological observations for seizures, coma and paralysis delirium management glucose monitoring cardiac monitoring rehydration and antiemetics treatment of contact or allergic dermatitis [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  Plants that cause a contact dermatitis (skin inflammation) such as poison ivy or poison oak are covered in detail elsewhere (click on Poison ivy ). It is safest to call your local poison control center (1-800-222-1222) ANYTIME a plant is ingested. [kidemergencies.com]

  Clinical signs severe allergic contact dermatitis 12-24 hours post exposure, blistering, inflammation, and vesicle formation Urushiol penetrates skin and binds to membrane lipids within 10-20 minutes of exposure 46. Poison Ivy, cont. [slideshare.net]

• Flushing

  The person may receive: Airway and breathing support for severe mouth and throat swelling Additional eye flushing or washing Intravenous fluids (through a vein) Medicines to treat symptoms People who do not have a lot of mouth contact with the plant are [medlineplus.gov]

  If the plant fertilizer is in your eyes or on your skin, flush thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes. If you ingested the substance, do not induce vomiting unless the poison control center tells you to. [healthline.com]

  The person may receive: Airway and breathing support for severe mouth and throat swelling Additional eye flushing or washing Intravenous fluids (through a vein) Medicines to treat symptoms Outlook (Prognosis) People who do not have a lot of mouth contact [mountsinai.org]

  Clinical features: tachycardia, dry flushed skin, dry mucous membranes, mydriasis, blurred vision, hyperpyrexia, urinary retention, confusion, disorientation, loss of short term memory, ataxia, visual and auditory hallucinations, psychosis, death 36. [slideshare.net]

• Eczema

  Acute nicotine poisoning associated with a traditional remedy for eczema. Arch Dis Child. 2001;85(6):500–2. CrossRef PubMed PubMedCentral Google Scholar Dickers KJ, Bradberry SM, Rice P, Griffiths GD, Vale JA. Abrin poisoning. [link.springer.com]

  Sophora root is used in traditional Chinese medicine where it is known as "Ku Shen" and is used to treat dysentery, scabies, itchy rashes such as with eczema, skin lesions, jaundice, edema, urinary dysfunction, and vaginal discharge. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Visual Hallucination

  Ipomea spp (morning glory) and Lophophora wiliamsoni (peyote cactus) e.g. direct serotonin agonists like lysergic acid (LSD) and mescaline psychosis including visual hallucinations Ricin, e.g. Ricinus communis (castor beans), and Abrin, e.g. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

• Fear

  Monsanto's insistence that its elegant double whammy is far more ecologically benign than the products it replaces has done little to put fears about genetically modified crops to rest. [scientificamerican.com]

• Kidney Failure

  […] and liver Stage III - 3-5 days post ingestion, liver and kidney failure, death can occur 4-7 days post ingestion Treatment - induce vomiting, transport 54. [slideshare.net]

• Confusion

  On the second hour after arrival, the patient became confused. It was observed that the chest wall movements had decreased and that the patient had difficulty breathing. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Toxicity includes gastroenteritis, confusion, hyperkalemia, and arrhythmias. The serum digoxin level can confirm ingestion but is not useful as quantitative information. K levels are closely monitored. Hyperkalemia may respond only to hemodialysis. [merckmanuals.com]

  Lily-of-the-Valley Leaves, flowers Irregular heart beat and pulse, usually accompanied by digestive upset and mental confusion. Iris Underground stems Severe-but not usually serious-digestive upset. [aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu]

  These include skin rash, blurred vision, visual disturbances such as halos, diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, irregular or slowed heartbeat, weakness, low blood pressure, confusion, dizziness, headache, fainting, depression, [homeguides.sfgate.com]

  Drug overdoses cause a range of symptoms, including excitability, sleepiness, confusion, unconsciousness, rapid heartbeat, convulsions, nausea, and changes in blood pressure. [healthofchildren.com]

• Headache

  I felt great depression and a severe frontal headache. The pulse was still normal, but weak.” [theguardian.com]

  Signs and symptoms of poisoning are identical to cyanide poisoning and can include headache, dizziness, coma, seizure and poor heart function. [kidemergencies.com]

  These include skin rash, blurred vision, visual disturbances such as halos, diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, irregular or slowed heartbeat, weakness, low blood pressure, confusion, dizziness, headache, fainting, depression, [homeguides.sfgate.com]

  […] seizures, possibly physostigmine Dieffenbachia (dumbcane) Oral mucosal damage due to Ca oxalate crystals in leaves Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) Fava beans In patients with G6PD deficiency, gastroenteritis, fever, headache [merckmanuals.com]

  One of the most toxic plants in the Western Hemisphere, consumption of Deadly Nightshade leads to delirium, hallucinations, dilated pupils, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, tachycardia, loss of balance, staggering, headache, rash, dry mouth and throat [oddee.com]

• Tremor

  The early phase consists of nicotinic cholinergic stimulation resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Poison hemlock has nicotinic effects, beginning with dry mouth and progressing to tachycardia, tremors, diaphoresis, mydriasis, seizures, and muscle paresis. Rhabdomyolysis and bradycardia may occur. [merckmanuals.com]

  Nicotiana spp (tobacco) ingestion, inhalation or transdermal exposure is possible nicotinic syndrome: GI symptoms, sweating, tachycardia, hypotension, tremor, seizures Psychotropic alkaloids, e.g. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  It can also cause a racing, irregular heart rate, poor circulation, tremors, seizures, coma, and death. [oddee.com]

  The first phase consists of a fast heart rate, tremors, sweating and seizures. Severe cases will go on the develop paralysis, coma, breathing problems and a slow heart rate. [kidemergencies.com]

• Excitement

  FLOWER GARDEN PLANTS Larkspur Young plant, seeds Digestive upset, nervous excitement, depression. May be fatal. Monkshood Fleshy roots Digestive upset and nervous excitement. Autumn Crocus, Star of Bethlehem Bulbs Vomiting and nervous excitement. [aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu]

  The pathophysiology that produces cardiotoxicity involves prolonging refractory period in atrioventricular (AV) node, shortening refractory periods in atria and ventricles, and decreasing resting membrane potential (increased excitability). [emedicine.medscape.com]

  II) Neurotoxins contain compounds which cause neurological signs and symptoms, convulsions, hallucinations, excitation, depression, spastic colon. 58. Examples of Mushrooms which cause Neurologic signs and symptoms 59. Amanita muscarina 60. [slideshare.net]

  Very soon fish began to float to the surface and were gathered up by excited women and children. We had a banquet as all the fish were roasted on fires and eaten. I asked the chief why we had to walk so far to carry out this operation. [primitiveways.com]

  Drug overdoses cause a range of symptoms, including excitability, sleepiness, confusion, unconsciousness, rapid heartbeat, convulsions, nausea, and changes in blood pressure. [healthofchildren.com]

• Agitation

  Hospitalization is required for agitation and combative behavior although symptomatic treatment is usually sufficient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Symptoms include fast heart rate, large pupils, dry reddened skin, decreased bowel sounds, inability to urinate, hallucinations, agitation and seizures. [kidemergencies.com]

  They include dryness in the mouth, thirst, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, blurred vision from the dilated pupils, vomiting, excessive stimulation of the heart, drowsiness, slurred speech, hallucinations, confusion, disorientation, delirium, and agitation [thepoisongarden.co.uk]

  The pandemic need to find plants that work well as a soap, i.e. the ability to make lather and suds when agitated with water, has been pursued by most native cultures. [primitiveways.com]

Instead, the workup is devoted principally to excluding other possible causes of the patient’s symptoms (see Workup). The cornerstone of treatment is GI decontamination with activated charcoal. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Treatment: cont. If you were exposed to the smoke of burning poison ivy, oak or sumac and you believe you may have breathed in the fumes, you need to seek medical treatment immediately. [slideshare.net]

Colchicine poisoning is potentially life threatening because of its high toxicity and unavailability of specific antidotal treatment. It classically presents with gastroenterocolitis, and may result in multiorgan failure in fatal cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The prognosis of Caladium Plant Poisoning is dependent on the amount of substance consumed, time between consumption and treatment, severity of the symptoms, as well as general health status of the patient If the individual can recover from the symptoms [dovemed.com]

Outlook (Prognosis) For those who do not have severe oral contact with the plant, symptoms usually resolve within a few days. For those who do have severe contact with the plant, a longer recovery time may be necessary. [coordinatedhealth.com]

Prognosis Prognosis is good if unripe ackee fruit ingestion is promptly recognized and appropriately managed; however, deaths do occur. Ackee poisoning has killed an estimated 5,000 people since 1886. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The person may receive: Airway and breathing support for severe mouth and throat swelling Additional eye flushing or washing Intravenous fluids (through a vein) Medicines to treat symptoms Outlook (Prognosis) People who do not have a lot of mouth contact [mountsinai.org]

Etiology Causes include ingestion of unripe ackee fruit, canned ackee fruit, ackee fruit that has been forcibly opened or water in which unripe ackee fruit has been cooked. Epidemiology The true incidence of ackee poisoning is unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Mushroom toxicity Never eat any wild mushroom Etiology - consumption of raw or cooked mushrooms/toadstools Cooking, canning or freezing WILL NOT render toxic mushrooms non toxic Clinical Syndromes - usually acute onset of signs and symptoms 53. [slideshare.net]

Author information 1 Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [email protected] Abstract An outbreak investigation was conducted during February-March 2005 to determine the cause of several sudden [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology The true incidence of ackee poisoning is unknown. Ackee fruit sales are illegal in the United States, likely leading to underreporting. Cases have been reported after consumption of fruit illegally shipped or transported by travelers. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Monstera, Ceriman ( Monstera deliciosa ) Nephthytis ( Syngonium podophyllum ) Philodendron ( Philodendron species) Pothos or Hunter's robe ( Epipremnum aureum ) Skunk cabbage ( Symplocarpus foetidus ) (see the images below) Skunk Cabbage Skunk Cabbage Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prevention Do not touch or eat any plant with which you are not familiar. Wash your hands after working in the garden or walking in the woods. [coordinatedhealth.com]

Poison Prevention: In the Home [www1.nyc.gov]

You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Take the plant with you to the hospital, if possible. [medlineplus.gov]

You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. [mountsinai.org]