METHODS: The medical records were reviewed for clinical presentation, staging, laboratory data, radiological studies, treatments, and outcomes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Soft Tissue Mass

  Computed tomography (CT) revealed innumerable enhancing soft tissue masses within the subcutaneous soft tissues and lymphadenopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Biopsy from soft tissue mass in the upper arm showed sheets of plasmacytic cells that were LCA , CD138 , CD56 , CD10 , CD1a , CD3 , MPO , TdT , and CD20 . Viral screen was negative. A final diagnosis for PBL was made. [ijpmonline.org]

  Additionally, 3 soft tissue masses were attached to the large mass. [hematologyandoncology.net]

  CD20 and PAX5).[2] Presentation[edit] Plasmablastic lymphoma lesions are most commonly rapidly growing, soft tissue masses[9] that may be ulcerating, bleeding, and/or painful.[7] In a recent (2020) review of published cases, individuals presenting with [en.wikipedia.org]

• Rectal Bleeding

  Other symptoms included abdominal distention, diarrhea, vomiting, and rectal bleeding. The locations of these primary lesions consisted of the stomach (43%), small intestine (21%), anal region (21%), cecum (14%), colon (7%), and esophagus (7%). [doi.org]

  She also complained of intermittent episodes of rectal bleeding. In the emergency room evaluation, a gynecologist identified a mass that extended onto the vaginal introitus. Another mass was noted during a rectal examination. [hematologyandoncology.net]

• Hematochezia

  During her hospitalization, she presented with hematochezia that caused hypovolemic shock. [revistagastroenterologiamexico.org]

  diarrhea, hematochezia, pain) (14/47; 30 %), localized mass or swelling (12/47; 26 %), and oral/nasal symptoms (e.g., ulcer, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, sinusitis) (8/47; 17 %). Lymph node involvement was identified in 34 of 49 (69 %) patients. [jhoonline.biomedcentral.com]

• Rectal Pain

  We describe a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with rectal pain and bright red blood per rectum. He was diagnosed with stage IVA PBL with anorectal, nodal, calvarial and hepatic involvement. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fecal Incontinence

  We report a case of plasmablastic lymphoma in a 46-year-old woman for whom the initial clinical manifestation was a painless perineal tumor accompanied by fecal incontinence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Tenesmus

  […] intestine ND Diarrhea, distention 1 F NL NL DOD before diagnosis made 8 Pruneri et al [ 10 ] 1998 53/F Stomach - Postprandial fullness, stomach ache F ProMACE-cytaBOM Remission Alive at 19 mo 9 Rajagopal et al [ 9 ] 2006 35/M Ano-rectal Rectal bleeding, tenesmus [doi.org]

• Liver Mass

  The patient died approximately 1.5 mo after examination and autopsy showed that the main lesion was a very large liver mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  masses.13 Patients with AIDS related primary liver NHL generally present “B” symptoms (fever, night sweats and weight loss), abdominal pain and hepatomegaly, with or without jaundice at the time of diagnosis. [elsevier.es]

• Lesion of the Tongue

  Herein, we report a case of PBL presenting as an ulcerated lesion of the tongue in an HIV-negative patient, 6 years after renal transplantation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Dental Caries

  The management of dry mouth aims to prevent and treat infections, periodontal disease and dental caries. To reduce the risk of caries, it is necessary to maintain a good oral hyTrenkić Božinović M, et al. Vojnosanit Pregl 2009; 66(12): 955–960. [text-br.123dok.com]

• Breast Mass

  This case is unusual in that the patient presented with a large breast mass and her recovery was extremely rapid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Large Breast

  This case is unusual in that the patient presented with a large breast mass and her recovery was extremely rapid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Vaginal Bleeding

  Herein, we report an uncommon case of plasmablastic lymphoma in a 61-year-old female with human immunodeficiency virus that presents with vaginal bleeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Radiculopathy

  We present a case of a 44-year-old HIV-positive man who presented with a large retroperitoneal mass associated with obstructive uropathy, sacral radiculopathy, and inferior vena caval compression. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

As PBL is frequently seen in patients with chronic HIV and/or EBV co-infection, viral serologies must be included in the diagnostic workup [13]. Our patient, however, had a negative HIV/EBV status. [cureus.com]

A 69‐year‐old male was referred to our university hospital for workup of rapid deterioration and abdominal pains. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

After a staging workup including radiographic skeletal survey, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and bone marrow biopsy, there was no evidence of other organ involvement, and serum and urine protein electrophoresis were normal. [indianjurol.com]

In subsequent staging workup, bone marrow biopsy showed 10% involvement by the plasmablastic lymphoma. CT of the abdomen and pelvis found several enlarged left femoral lymph nodes, the largest of which measured 21 x 12 mm. [jaadcasereports.org]

Workup of the anemia was most consistent with anemia of chronic disease. After 18 months, lenalidomide and dexamethasone were stopped. Imaging at 24 months continued to show complete remission. [karger.com]

• Normocytic Anemia

  A complete blood count and basic metabolic panel were remarkable for a normocytic anemia with hemoglobin concentration of 9.9 g/dl. [karger.com]

  He had mild normocytic anemia and normal absolute neutrophil count. [doi.org]

• Liver Biopsy

  Subsequent liver biopsy confirmed plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). She was treated with multiple lines of chemo/immunotherapy regimens with limited or no response. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  CT percutaneous-guided fine needle liver biopsy was performed. [elsevier.es]

As a distinct type of aggressive mature large B-cell lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) poses diagnostic and treatment challenges. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PBL represents a diagnostic challenge given its characteristic morphology and lack of CD20 expression, and also a therapeutic challenge, with early responses to therapy, but with high relapse rates and poor prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The prognosis of immunocompetent patients appears to be worse than that of HIV-AIDS patients. [indianjcancer.com]

Although its exact etiology is poorly understood, Epstein-Barr virus infection and MYC gene aberrations have been implicated in its development in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Table 1: Demographic, clincipathological, etiological, and genetic characteristics, as well as treatments of the included plasmablastic lymphoma cases in this study. Notably, all the included PBL patients were HIV-negative. [cdn.journals.lww.com]

(Etiology) Currently, the cause of Plasmablastic Lymphoma (PBL) is unknown. [dovemed.com]

The objectives of this review are to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology, biology, clinical and pathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, therapy, prognostic factors, outcomes, and potential novel therapeutic approaches in [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology of AIDS-defining Malignancies William A. Blattner and Rebecca G. Nowak 3. Epidemiology of non-AIDS Defining Malignancies Andrew E. Grulich 4. HIV Cancers in Resource-Limited Regions Sam M. Mbulaiteye 5. [books.google.de]

Fever (for no known reason) Pain in the chest, abdomen, or bone s (for no known reason) Skin rash or itchy skin Weight loss (for no known reason) Diagnostic Exams Flow cytometry Immunohistochemistry Immunophenotyping Progression and Transformation None Epidemiology [seer.cancer.gov]

The main goal of this article is to systematically review the most recent advances in epidemiology; pathophysiology; clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics; therapy; and prognosis in patients with PBL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

16 A similar genomic rearrangement pattern, involving MYC/IG gene rearrangement, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM).18 The cytogenetic features of PBL linking it to aggressive lymphoma and MM may provide insight into the pathophysiology [hematologyandoncology.net]

Awareness of this distinctive lymphoma can prevent misdiagnosis by the clinicians and/or the pathologists. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

With Non-Myeloid Malignancies Receiving Multiple Chemotherapy Completed NCT00070382 Phase 3 darbepoetin alfa;epoetin alfa 17 A Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effects of Fragmin (5,000 IU Subcutaneously) in Preventing [malacards.org]

By targeting these BAX/BAK activators, BHRF-1 prevents TGF-β–mediated apoptosis. 18 EBNA-3A and EBNA-3C not only regulate BIM protein levels at a transcriptional level but may also prevent MYC -induced apoptosis. 19 MYC is the oncogene more commonly dysregulated [bloodjournal.org]