One patient presented with intracerebellar haemorrhage (ICH), 3 patients presented with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 2 patients presented with IVH and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), the other 10 patients presented with SAH. [neurologyindia.com]

Clinical presentations vary dependent on which specific nucleii and fibres are involved. [physio-pedia.com]

Workup did not show evidence for cardioembolic or atheroembolic source. The presence of an extradural origin of PICA may be considered a predisposing factor for non-traumatic LMS associated with head and neck movement. [link.springer.com]

Workup All patients presenting with scleritis should be worked up for associated systemic disease. [reviewofophthalmology.com]

Moreover, cardiac workup showed no evidence of intramural thrombus, endocarditis or atrial fibrillation in our patient. [cureus.com]

• Ischemic Changes

  Postoperative 3D CTA showed complete clipping of the aneurysm and no ischemic change, and his consciousness was better postoperatively than preoperatively. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

Safety and efficacy of this treatment modality are unclear. [neurologyindia.com]

Conclusion The heterogeneity of PICA anatomy renders preoperative characterization of angioarchitecture and locoregional anatomy critical in the treatment of PICA aneurysms. [asianjns.org]

They provided a new treatment option for VA dissecting aneurysms involving the origin of PICA. In this letter, we will discuss alternative treatment options for these complex aneurysms. [ajnrblog.org]

Endovascular treatment of ruptured distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms：report of 11 cases Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and endovascular treatment of ruptured distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery [ajol.info]

[…] of aneurysms, good prognosis. 36 Fig. 2 Lv/2010[23] 41/M Not mentioned stent in coil Followed up for 6 months, imaging revealed complete occlusion of aneurysms, good prognosis. 37 Fig. 2 Lv/2010[23] 41/M Not mentioned stent in coil Followed up for 36 [medsci.org]

Older individuals and ones with a higher grade of severity when admitted have a higher chance of a poor prognosis. [brain-surgery.com]

Treatment and prognosis Treatment of posterior inferior cerebellar artery, and posterior circulation strokes in general, depends upon the nature, timing, and severity of symptoms. [radiopaedia.org]

Etiology Clinical features Clinical features Structure affected Ipsilateral Dysphagia ↓ Gag reflex Hoarseness, dysphonia Nucleus ambiguus (motor neuron) Ataxia, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia Inferior cerebellar peduncle Horner syndrome Uncontrollable [amboss.com]

The etiological cause was thought to be intracranial vertebral artery occlusion with a baseline insitu atherosclerosis, in the presence of branches having their origin from one side and going to both PICA territories. [dusunenadamdergisi.org]

It is important to contrast these clinical manifestations with those involving strokes of the anterior circulation, as the etiology and treatment may differ. [casemed.case.edu]

Etiology: Most commonly caused by atherothrombotic occlusion of the vertebral artery (then posterior inferior cerebellar arteray and least often the medullary arteries. [medicine.uiowa.edu]

These findings highlight that the cause of cerebral infarction can be related not only cerebral ischemia but also other etiologies. [ommegaonline.org]

Posterior Scleritis: Analysis of Epidemiology, Clinical Factors, and Risk of Recurrence in a Cohort of 114 Patients. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2016;24:1: 6-15. 2. Auer, Herborn, Indocyanine green angiographic features in posterior scleritis. [reviewofophthalmology.com]

Epidemiology, Etiology & Prognosis A study reviewing 25 cases of Wallenberg Syndrome found the incidence to be highest in middle-aged men at 55.06 years of age [2]. [physio-pedia.com]

In Barnet HJM (and others, Eds), Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. New York: Chrchill-Livingstone, pp 549-619, 1986 Faught E, Oh SJ. Brainstem auditory responses in brainstem infarction. [dizziness-and-balance.com]

Palinopsia, micropsia, and macropsia These are illusory phenomena that are of uncertain pathophysiology. Palinopsia describes the persistence of a visual image for several seconds to days in a partially blind hemifield. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of intracranial artery dissection. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14:640–54. 5. Matsumoto J, et al. [bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com]

Metabolic syndrome: Definition, pathophysiology, and mechanisms. Am Heart J. 2005;149:33–45. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 7. Olofsson SO, Wiklund O, Boren J. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology Atherosclerosis: the most common vascular disease affecting the vertebrobasilar system[1]: This affects large vessels, causing narrowing and occlusion. [patient.info]

Neck clipping was performed via a midline suboccipital approach in the prone position to prevent re-rupture 2 months after admission [ Figure 3 ]. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

See also the separate Stroke Prevention article. [patient.info]

We provide two case presentations where the outcome was predicted and certain morbidities prevented with the employment of a multimodal neuromonitoring paradigm. [cureus.com]

Conclusions: Coiling of ruptured distal PICA aneury, with or without parent vessel occlusion, was feasible, relatively safe and effective in preventing early/medium-term rebleeding. [ajol.info]