Presentation
TIMI risk score for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a convenient, bedside, clinical score for risk assessment at presentation: an Intravenous nPA for Treatment of Infarcting Myocardium Early II trial substudy. Circulation 2000; 102:2031-2037. [books.google.de]
The authors also present cases of patients with pituitary abnormalities to highlight the differences and potential overlap between normal and pathological pituitary imaging. [thejns.org]
Occasionally the bright spot is present early in the disease and then decreases as the disease progresses. [pituitary.org]
Diabetes mellitus and other endocrine pathologies may be present. [academic.oup.com]
Gastrointestinal
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Flatulence
[…] the ankles • Stretches the thighs, groins, and spine • Opens the chest and shoulders • Stimulates the abdominal organs • Improves digestion and elimination • Improves posture Cautions: • Asthma • Mild back, shoulder, and neck tension • Indigestion • Flatulence [proz.com]
Musculoskeletal
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Low Back Pain
"Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of low-back pain and related disability with psychological distress among patients enrolled in the UCLA Low-Back Pain Study". [en.wikipedia.org]
There are many possible causes of low back pain. Usually it’s caused by trauma from a sudden strain on the spine. But you should be aware that back pain can also signal a more serious condition called ankylosing spondylitis. [healthline.com]
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Acute Low Back Pain
"Advice to rest in bed versus advice to stay active for acute low-back pain and sciatica". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6): CD007612. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007612.pub2. [en.wikipedia.org]
Skin
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No Pubic Hair
Signs of chronic pituitary insufficiency include: Hypogonadism Sparse axillary and pubic hair Loss of sexual function Cessation of mentrual cycle in women Erectile dyfunction in men Hypothyroidism Dry hair and skin Puffy face Delayed reflexes Hypoadrenalism [medicine.georgetown.edu]
Patients with this condition may experience decreased sex drive, smooth and pale skin, fine wrinkles around the eyes and mouth, loss of armpit and pubic hair, loss of facial hair, anemia and excessive fatigue. [newswise.com]
Loss of adrenal androgens is of little consequence for males if testicular androgen production is normal, but can result in decreased libido and loss of axillary and pubic hair in women. [ocw.tufts.edu]
Psychiatrical
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Impulsivity
It controls the posterior lobe through nerve impulses. The hormones produced by the pituitary are not all produced continuously. Most are released in bursts every 1 to 3 hours, with alternating periods of activity and inactivity. [msdmanuals.com]
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Anger
Emotional symptoms may include mood swings, anger, depression or an impaired sense of well-being. [acromegaly.org]
Neurologic
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Sciatica
"Advice to rest in bed versus advice to stay active for acute low-back pain and sciatica". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6): CD007612. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007612.pub2. [en.wikipedia.org]
[…] groins, and spine • Opens the chest and shoulders • Stimulates the abdominal organs • Improves digestion and elimination • Improves posture Cautions: • Asthma • Mild back, shoulder, and neck tension • Indigestion • Flatulence • Menstrual discomfort • Sciatica [proz.com]
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Neuralgia
Pituitary Tumor Trigeminal neuralgia Acoustic neuroma Meningioma PINEAL TUMOR Craniopharyngioma Head & Neck tumors Hemifacial spasm Rathke’S Cyst Arachnoid cyst Craniosynostosis Chordoma Cerebral aneurysm Arteriovenous malformation Home Pituitary Tumor [skullbaseinstitute.com]
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Limb Weakness
It is not unusual for patients to describe other symptoms, such as depression, mood swings, loss of memory, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, eating disorders, lethargy, limb weakness, irregular menstruation, impotence, and unusual hair growth. [fortherecordmag.com]
Workup
Urine
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Urine Sodium Increased
If, however, the urine sodium increased and the serum sodium remained the same or even decreased with the administration of physiologic saline, this would suggest that the diagnosis was an inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and therapy for [pituitary.org]
QT, RR, ST Intervals
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ST Elevation
ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction - executive summary. Seite 105 - Morrow DA, Antman EM, Charlesworth A, et al. [books.google.de]
Colonoscopy
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Polyps
High levels of growth hormone can also cause high blood pressure, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, increased sweating, skin tags, and noncancerous growths in the colon called polyps. [nyulangone.org]
Other problems include joint pains (osteoarthritis), sleep apnea (excessive snoring, stopping breathing during sleep), hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetes mellitus (high blood sugar), colon polyps, change in teeth spacing, oily skin and acne. [med.virginia.edu]
Chronic sinusitis and polyps should be rigorously dealt with by an ear, nose, and throat colleague before transphenoidal surgery. [jnnp.bmj.com]
Treatment
All our team members have vast experience in the treatment of complex neuroendocrine conditions like ectopic posterior pituitary. [chop.edu]
Treatment Just as administration of water is the primary treatment for diabetes insipidus, restriction of water is the primary treatment of SIADH. This will cause decrease in the extracellular volume and stop the ongoing stimulus to natriuresis. [pituitary.org]
Treatment involves curing the cause if it is known. If not, the patient is given an antidiuretic hormone. [faqs.org]
In considering diabetes insipidus a pragmatic approach has been taken in the differentiation of the causes of polyuria and its treatment. A similar approach has been applied to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Mild polyuria can be managed simply by ensuring adequate fluid intake; treatment with the long-acting vasopressin analogue, desmopressin (desamino, D-8 arginine vasopressin; DDAVP), is used for more severe cases.... [oxfordmedicine.com]
Prognosis
Outlook (Prognosis) Acute pituitary infarction is a potentially life-threatening event. Prognosis for chronic deficiency (which is detected and treated) is good. [medicine.georgetown.edu]
Prognosis The prognosis for most patients with hypopituitarism is excellent. As long as therapy is continued, many experience normal life spans. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Outlook If hormone replacement therapy is adequate, the prognosis is good. Complications are often related to the underlying disease. For More Information Visit the Pituitary Network Association web site. [webmd.com]
The prognosis for AS is difficult to predict, as it varies widely between individuals, and the progression is often not constant. Important factors for measuring outlook include levels of functional ability, spinal mobility, joint damage, and so on. [medicalnewstoday.com]
Etiology
Etiologic Diagnosis The primary disorder in diabetes insipidus is disregulation of osmotically stimulated release of vasopressin. [pituitary.org]
Background Epidemiology Incidence – 4-5/100,000 Age – incidence increases with age Etiology Tumor – adenoma, lymphoma, metastatic infiltration Autoimmune disorders – c onnective tissue disease Trauma – surgery, head injury, radiation Vascular – hemorrhagic [arupconsult.com]
When considering pathology related to the pituitary itself, the most common etiology of either over- or under-production of pituitary hormones in adults is a pituitary lesion. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]
Anterior Pituitary Failure Abstract Introduction Mortality Etiology Clinical Manifestations Diagnostic Testing Treatment of Hypopituitarism References Chapter 11. [elsevier.com]
Epidemiology
Nonfunctioning and Gonadotrophin-Secreting Adenomas Abstract Introduction Epidemiology Pathology Etiology Clinical Features Assessment Differential Diagnosis Treatment Gonadotrophinomas References Chapter 20. [elsevier.com]
References Further Reading Hypopituitarism - Deficiency in Pituitary Hormone Production Hypopituitarism Diagnosis Hypopituitarism Treatment Hypopituitarism Causes Hypopituitarism Epidemiology [news-medical.net]
Background Epidemiology Incidence – 4-5/100,000 Age – incidence increases with age Etiology Tumor – adenoma, lymphoma, metastatic infiltration Autoimmune disorders – c onnective tissue disease Trauma – surgery, head injury, radiation Vascular – hemorrhagic [arupconsult.com]
"Comprehensive review of epidemiology, scope, and impact of spinal pain". Pain Physician. 12 (4): E35-70. [en.wikipedia.org]
In addition, IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 levels are low while IGFBP3 is elevated in T2DM.89 Epidemiological studies on the connection between IGF proteins and the incidence of T2DM report conflicting results and most fail to show any association.90,91 Low levels [touchendocrinology.com]
Pathophysiology
The remainder of the text has covered the two major pathophysiological disturbances of AVP secretion. In considering diabetes insipidus a pragmatic approach has been taken in the differentiation of the causes of polyuria and its treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Aquaporin-2 is elevated in SIADH but also in cirrhosis in which the mechanism is not the pathophysiology of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. [pituitary.org]
The pathophysiology of hypopituitarism usually involves damage to the pituitary gland, which renders it unable to produce one or more hormones in the normal manner. [news-medical.net]
Rizzo Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 2016; 36(3): 313 8 Revisitation of autoimmune hypophysitis: knowledge and uncertainties on pathophysiological and clinical aspects Giuseppe Bellastella,Maria Ida Maiorino,Antonio Bizzarro,Dario Giugliano,Katherine [ijem.in]
The Hypothalamus Abstract Introduction Anatomy Hypothalamic Physiology Pathophysiology of Hypothalamic syndromes Clinical Features of Hypothalamic Syndromes Specific Hypothalamic Disorders Traumatic brain injury References Chapter 10. [elsevier.com]
Prevention
[…] urination, excessive thirst, and excessive fluid intake. to monitor fluid balance, the nurse should weigh the client daily, measure urine specific gravity, and monitor intake and output. the nurse should encourage fluids to keep intake equal to output and prevent [proprofs.com]
Additionally, as capsule tightener, it prevents the entrapment of parts of the elbow joint capsule. [flexikon.doccheck.com]
It helps your body conserve water and prevent dehydration. Oxytocin. This hormone stimulates the release of breast milk. It also stimulates contractions of the uterus during labor. [healthline.com]
"Labor, love, and lactation" Parturation - Initiation and completion of labor - Fergusson reflex (cervical dilation) - Contraction of uterine myometrium: delivery, and clamping down on vessels to prevent blood loss Lactation - Mechanoreceptors/touch receptors [brainscape.com]
Prevention Pituitary adenomas are not associated with any known lifestyle or environmental risk factors, so there are no available methods to prevent the condition. [innerbody.com]