Presentation
A hip T score between -1.5 to -2.5 was present in 51% of hip fracture subjects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
BHQ880 is a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) against DKK-1 that is presently under preclinical trial for the treatment of nontumor-induced and tumor-induced osteoporotic bone disease based on promising results in animal models. [jhrr.org]
Entire Body System
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Inflammation
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The name for a group of diseases that cause inflammation of the intestines. Examples include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. [acog.org]
Both oral and IV bisphosphonate therapy have been rarely associated with ocular inflammation, ocular pain and photophobia. Onset is idiosyncratic and can occur in weeks, months, or even years after bisphosphonate initiation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
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Weight Loss
Table 1 Risk factors for Osteoporosis Family history Parental history of hip facture Medical history • Advanced age • Hyperthyroidism (including iatrogenic) or hyperparathyroidism • Celiac and other malabsorption syndromes • BMI 20 kg/m2 or weight loss [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Neurologic
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Convulsions
Hyperthyroidism (including iatrogenic) or hyperparathyroidism • Celiac and other malabsorption syndromes • BMI 20 kg/m2 or weight loss • Medication history, particularly chronic glucocorticoid use and medications that decrease Calcium, Vit D absorption (Anti-convulsants [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
Colonoscopy
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Polyps
There was also an increased risk of uterine polyps and endometrial hypertrophy, but no increased risk of endometrial cancer nor hyperplasia. [jhrr.org]
Treatment
If osteoporosis therapy is needed after the 12 doses, patients should begin an osteoporosis treatment that reduces bone breakdown. [fda.gov]
The effects of discontinuing alendronate treatment (5 or 10 mg/d) after 5 years were compared with continuing treatment for 10 years in the Fracture Intervention Trial Long-term Extension (FLEX trial). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Reassessment of fracture risk in women after 3 years of treatment with zoledronic acid: When is it reasonable to discontinue treatment? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014;99:4546-54. 54. [jhrr.org]
“Today’s approval provides women with postmenopausal osteoporosis who are at high risk of fracture with a new treatment that will reduce this risk,” Dr. Hylton V. [kltv.com]
Etiology
In pre- and peri-menopausal women, a basic laboratory evaluation should be considered if there is no clear etiology evident by history and physical examination. Procedures in the investigation of osteoporosis are summarized in Table 2. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
A review of the epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures is used to determine the size of the public health problem, to identify appropriate target populations for screening, and to define intervention thresholds. [apps.who.int]
Epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures. Horm Res 2000;54 Suppl 1:58-63. 61. Looker AC, Orwoll ES, Johnston CC Jr., Lindsay RL, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, et al. Prevalence of low femoral bone density in older U.S. Adults from NHANES III. [jhrr.org]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of bone loss Bone remodeling is the process by which old bone is replaced by new bone. The normal bone remodeling process consists of five phases: the resting phase activation, resorption, reversal, and formation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention
[…] for predicting fracture risk, techniques for assessment, and the comparative effectiveness of currently available preventive and therapeutic interventions. [apps.who.int]
Falls prevention strategies: Falls prevention is the first line of treatment for those at high risk for falling. Consider referral to geriatric medicine, a falls prevention program, and physical therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Supplementation with calcium and Vitamin D is an essential baseline therapy for osteoporosis prevention and treatment. [jhrr.org]