Different clinical presentations and imaging findings of 3 subtypes, agrammatic, semantic and logopenic, are presented. Underlying neuropathology, medical and social management aspects of these patients are reviewed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pain

  We ask about general symptoms (anxious mood, depressed mood, fatigue, pain, and stress) regardless of condition. Last updated: May 13, 2019 [patientslikeme.com]

  I recently had a social security disability claim that was becoming quite a pain in the neck. The staff over at Fred Fleming Attorney at Law made my life and the process so much easier. [callfred.com]

• Anger

  There can also be explosive anger without provocation. Conversely, individuals who present with a social disorder can develop the semantic variant of PPA over time. [ftd.med.upenn.edu]

  He also identifies and treats underlying conditions such as depression and anxiety, and teaches patients how to communicate their anger when the disease gets worse. [columbiatribune.com]

  […] of muscle coordination in the arms, legs, head, face and upper body Progressive decline in thinking and reasoning skills, including memory, concentration, judgment and the ability to plan and organize Mood disturbances, including depression, anxiety, anger [goinggentleintothatgoodnight.com]

  Recognize, too, that the loss of one’s relationship with a spouse to this disease over a gradual period of time can raise many different emotions: confusion, anger, guilt, and sadness, to name a few. The role of partner becomes that of caregiver. [dementiatoday.com]

• Distractibility

  Family members are taught how to aid comprehension by communicating simply and clearly: telling patients only one thing at a time, reducing noise and other distractions, and avoiding multitasking. [nytimes.com]

  Listening Listen for key pieces of information (who, what, where, when, why, how) Be aware of distracting background noise and reduce it if possible (e.g. turn off TV, move to a quiet room) Speaking Cue the speaker to talk around the word by encouraging [dementiatoday.com]

• Apraxia

  Conclusions: Our review identified several measures of speech which may assist with diagnosis and classification, and consolidated the brain-behavior associations relating to speech in FTD, PPA, and progressive apraxia of speech. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The initial symptom of progressive speech apraxia has been reported by Hart, Beach, and Taylor (1997). [flandershealth.us]

• Cognitive Disorder

  Abstract As older adults are prone to cognitive disorders, the interaction of the fields of substance use and misuse and cognitive neuroscience is an emerging area of research. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 2 (1), 321-331. Francés, I., Barandiarán, M., Marcellán, T., & Moreno, L. (2003). Estimulación psicocognoscitiva en las demencias. Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra, 26 (3), 383-403. Garzón, A. [revista.infad.eu]

  Gainotti, Clusters of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders Clearly Distinguish Primary Progressive Aphasia from Frontal Lobe Dementia, and Alzheimer’s Disease, Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 10.1159/000108115, 24, 5, (317-326), (2007). [dx.doi.org]

  Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders, 41(1-2), 109-122. [ Links ] Kertesz, A. & Munoz, D. (1998). Pick's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and Pick complex: Emerging concepts. Archives of Neurology, 55(3), 302-304. [ Links ] Leyton, C. [scielo.cl]

• Confusion

  Getty Images 1 of 10 Changes in mood and personality - If you notice a loved one become easily upset, confused, depressed or anxious they could be suffering from Alzheimer's so talk to them and book an appointment with the doctor GETTY Chances of recovery [express.co.uk]

  If you are diagnosed with a rare or serious disorder, it is often a time of confusion and fear. [disabilitybenefitscenter.org]

  This dual use of the word "Alzheimer’s" is confusing, even for the specialist. [brain.northwestern.edu]

  WASHINGTON - A mysterious brain disorder can be confused with early Alzheimer's disease although it isn't robbing patients of their memories but of the words to talk about them. [ctvnews.ca]

• Agitation

  These symptoms can include anxiety, agitation, or depression, which can happen in the later stages of the disorder. [disabled-world.com]

  The semantic variant, for example, sometimes leads to agitation and other behavioral changes. There’s no cure for PPA, but research is underway. [theatlantic.com]

  Medicine is also sometimes prescribed to manage behavioral symptoms such as depression, anxiety, or agitation, which may occur later in the course of the illness. [dementiatoday.com]

  For example, agitation and peculiar food fads may respond to treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. [doi.org]

• Perseveration

  More perseverance, he got to a clinical psychologist, who diagnosed aphasia. For various reasons we went privately to a consultant at this stage. [forum.alzheimers.org.uk]

  Mild constructional deficits and perseveration (e.g. as assessed by the go no-go task) are also acceptable as long as neither visuospatial deficits nor disinhibition influence daily living activities (6) Other domains may become affected after the first [brain.oxfordjournals.org]

  The majority of patients with svPPA present with garrulous, excessive, and frequently disinhibited output that is characterized by stereotypic thematic perseverations and not stopping to listen. [doi.org]

Brain MRI and FDG-PET/CT were performed as initial imaging workup. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• EEG Slowing

  slowing, decreased blood flow, and decreased glucose use. 4 All PPA subtypes have left hemisphere atrophy that involves components in the language network. 7 Anomia, or difficulty with word finding and impaired object naming, is the single most common [consultant360.com]

Language treatment shows promise as a means of addressing these difficulties but much remains to be learned with regard to the potential value of treatment across variants and stages of the disorder. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

TREATMENT OF NONFLUENT/AGRAMMATIC PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA It is important to achieve an accurate diagnosis because treatment trials are beginning to emerge that can help block the accumulation of misfolded tau in the brain. [ftd.med.upenn.edu]

These varying factors should be taken into account when considering prognosis, disease management, and selection of outcome measures for interventions. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

What is the prognosis for people with PPA? This is a difficult question to answer as there has been very little research into it and it can be extremely variable from person to person. [raredementiasupport.org]

“That will help us with prognosis and telling family members what will happen next,” she says. The semantic variant, for example, sometimes leads to agitation and other behavioral changes. There’s no cure for PPA, but research is underway. [theatlantic.com]

Mika Otsuki, Symptoms and prognosis of PNFA / nfvPPA, Higher Brain Function Research, 35, 3, (297), (2015). Pirada Witoonpanich, Sebastian J. Crutch, Jason D. Warren and Martin N. [dx.doi.org]

Progression and prognosis As in Alzheimer disease, researchers of APP refer to a preclinical, prodromal phase that may be called ‘mild aphasic cognitive impairment’. However, the usefulness of this distinction is not clear. [elsevier.es]

Improved reliability of diagnoses will be increasingly important as trials for etiology-specific treatments become available. We also discuss the implications of these syndromes for theories of language function. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This review of the literature aims to characterize the speech and language impairment, cognition, neuroimaging, pathology, genetics, and epidemiology associated with each of these variants. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There have been no large epidemiological studies on the incidence and prevalence of the PPA variants. [en.wikipedia.org]

Epidemiology and genetics of the frontotemporal dementia/Pick’s disease. Annals of Neurology, 54 (5), 29-31. Diehl-Schmid, J., Schmidt, E.M., Nunnemann, S., Riedl, L., Kurz, A., Förstl, H., Wagenpfeil, S., & Cramer, B. (2013). [revista.infad.eu]

Epidemiology and Treatment Because the lvPPA has been only recently described (Gorno-Tempini et al. 2004 ), there is still little known about its epidemiology and treatment. [doi.org]

Development We reviewed the main aspects of PPA epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, aetiology and treatment. Most cases manifest sporadically and the typical age of onset is between 50 and 70 years. [elsevier.es]

These results may provide insight into the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PPA and related forms of dementia and suggest the existence of novel, rapidly reversible, TNF-mediated pathophysiologic mechanisms in both PPA and Alzheimer's disease [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Author information 1 Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University (NU) Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. 2 The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ. 3 NU Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This, experts say, is because there is no way of repairing or preventing the ongoing injury to the brain. [express.co.uk]

Although there is no medical treatment for PPA, often people will take preventative medications for Alzheimer’s as it is commonly the underlying cause of PPA. [constanttherapy.com]

[…] developing better and more effective language interventions in neurodegenerative diseases and understanding how these interventions work at the neuronal level is particularly important since it may inform us on how to develop better interventions to prevent [scienceoflearning.jhu.edu]

Significance : This study may lead to the identification of the chromosome(s) responsible for a genetically determined language disorder, providing a target for interventions to prevent this disorder. [dana.org]