Presentation
She presented to us with psychotic symptoms but also noted to have many catatonic features, which were also present on previous presentations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Abstract: We are presenting a unique case of acute hypoglycemia presenting as acute psychosis with an unusual presentation creating a diagnostic dilemma. [priory.com]
Entire Body System
- Hypersomnia
Central Hypersomnia. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, Vol. 22, Issue. 2, p. 93. CrossRef Google Scholar Rabeyron, Thomas and Loose, Tianna 2015. [doi.org]
Psychiatrical
- Delusion
A delusion is where a person has an unshakeable belief in something untrue. [nhs.uk]
[…] in some way Somatic Type : delusions that the person has some physical defect or general medical condition Mixed Type : delusions characteristic of more than one of the above types but no one theme predominates Unspecified Type Reprinted with permission [web.archive.org]
Delusions Delusions are beliefs that are not consistent with reality or social or religious norms. For example, common superstitions like worrying that breaking a mirror causes seven years of bad luck are not considered delusions. [therecoveryvillage.com]
Delusions A delusion is a false belief or impression that is firmly held even though it’s contradicted by reality and what is commonly considered true. There are delusions of paranoia, grandiose delusions, and somatic delusions. [healthline.com]
- Auditory Hallucination
A 27-year-old female presented with symptoms of oral dyskinesia, tachycardia, and altered mental status following a three-month history of depression, lethargy, catatonia, and auditory hallucinations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Hallucination: A sensory perception (seeing, hearing, feeling, and smelling) in the absence of an outside stimulus. For example, with auditory hallucinations, the person hears voices when there is no one talking. [aacap.org]
- Fear
Remaining with a therapist is essential to avoid the fears from becoming debilitating. It may also be necessary to be able to return to regular life activities. [therapytribe.com]
[…] response to loved ones Inability to sleep or concentrate Extreme preoccupation or fears that seem bizarre Please be aware that the screening is to identify individuals who are at ultra high-risk for psychosis, which means that being identified as possibly [mentalhealthamerica.net]
I sighed deeply as reality returned and fear faded. God, I'd been so ridiculous. Of course it was Amy! That day wasn't anywhere in the world except in my memory. [creepypasta.wikia.com]
[…] bipolar disorder (manic-depressive) or severe depression Some personality disorders A person with psychosis may have any of the following: Disorganized thought and speech False beliefs that are not based on reality (delusions), especially unfounded fear [nlm.nih.gov]
- Visual Hallucination
The patient spontaneously started to experience psychotic symptoms which included disorganized thinking, delusional thoughts, paranoia, auditory and visual hallucinations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Hallucinations may be present, but auditory or visual hallucinations cannot be prominent. Olfactory or tactile hallucinations may be prominent, but only if they are related to the content of the delusion. [web.archive.org]
- Delusion of Grandeur
Delusions of grandeur can manifest in virtually limitless ways. [medicalnewstoday.com]
These kinds of beliefs are sometimes called 'delusions of grandeur'. Some people find that they can spend a lot of money or take on a lot of debt while they are experiencing psychosis, because their sense of reality has been affected. [mind.org.uk]
There may also be delusions of grandeur, in which individuals believe they have extraordinary powers, are on a special mission, or think they are an important person such as Jesus Christ. [nmihi.com]
Delusions often fall into one of the following two categories: Delusions of grandeur - Delusions of grandeur tend to revolve around the belief that you are incredibly important, rich and/or powerful. [counselling-directory.org.uk]
Neurologic
- Insomnia
Usually, the first symptom is insomnia. [epilepsy.com]
[…] control disorders and compulsions such as binge eating, compulsive shopping, hypersexuality and pathological gambling; confusion, constipation, delusion, dizziness, dyskinesia, fatigue, hallucinations, headache, hyperkinesias, hyperphagia, hypotension, insomnia [mt.glosbe.com]
Burkitt, USA TODAY, "‘Harm was going to come’: Mom accused of smothering 3 kids struggled after mother's death," 23 Jan. 2020 UC San Diego researchers will evaluate whether CBD can be safely and effectively used to treat psychosis, rheumatoid arthritis, insomnia [merriam-webster.com]
‘Chronic use of GHB may produce dependence and a withdrawal syndrome that includes anxiety, insomnia, tremor, and in severe cases, treatment-resistant psychoses.’ [en.oxforddictionaries.com]
- Headache
After he developed nausea and headache later that evening, the CT scan revealed a temporal bone fracture, pneumocephalus, intraparenchymal haemorrhage and the presence of a metal pen tip lodged in the brain parenchyma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] dreams, amnesia, behavioural symptoms of impulse control disorders and compulsions such as binge eating, compulsive shopping, hypersexuality and pathological gambling; confusion, constipation, delusion, dizziness, dyskinesia, fatigue, hallucinations, headache [mt.glosbe.com]
Since the age of 35, the patient had experienced headaches, oculomotor symptoms like blurred vision and diplopia, tinnitus and vertigo. [f1000research.com]
Consider a scan when psychosis is comorbid with: age >40 neurologic complaints (such as headache, numbness, vertigo, seizures) focal neurologic findings (such as weakness, gait abnormality, clonus, or spasticity) confusion, cognitive deficit, history [mdedge.com]
- Difficulty Concentrating
The person may have difficulty concentrating, following a conversation or remembering things. His or her mind may race or appear to be processing information in slow motion. False Beliefs: False beliefs, known as delusions, are common. [medicine.yale.edu]
Characteristic symptoms are: Hallucinations: hearing voices or seeing visions Delusions: false beliefs or marked irrational suspicions of others Confused thinking: disorganized thoughts or speech, difficulty concentrating or understanding others People [nasmhpd.org]
concentrating a feeling that you're being controlled by something outside yourself feeling like time speeds up or slows down Just because you experience one or more of these symptoms, it doesn’t mean you’re definitely affected by psychosis. [youngminds.org.uk]
You might have difficulty concentrating, following a conversation or remembering things. Thoughts can seem to speed up or slow down. False beliefs (delusions): You strongly believe something is real, but it's not. [headspace.org.au]
- Personality Change
A condition in which a person loses the ability to think, remember, learn, make decisions, and solve problems. Symptoms may also include personality changes and emotional problems. [icd9data.com]
Group 3 is characterized by mild mental retardation and late‐onset behavioural or personality changes. [doi.org]
An elderly person with this disease experiences chronic confusion and loss of memory and may experience paranoia or other personality changes. [britannica.com]
The symptoms of a single person do tend to be similar from episode to episode. [priory.com]
Personality disorders directly affect the personality, fundamentally changing how a person relates to others and themselves. People with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) have a greatly inflated sense of their own importance. [medicalnewstoday.com]
Workup
OBJECTIVE: In this systematic review, we reviewed the association between Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) and psychosis and focused on the prevalence, clinical presentation, immunologic and neurological workup, treatment options, and clinical [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Psychiatric workup. If the history and physical exam reveal no organic basis, the next step is to determine the nature of this patient’s psychosis. [mdedge.com]
Endocrinology workup was negative for any obvious cause of hypoglycemia including insulinoma and extra pancreatic neoplasms. [priory.com]
Besides, other diagnostic workups failed to show any other reason for hepatitis. It is noteworthy that hepatitis with mildly elevated transaminase level is also a common finding in brucellosis [ 1 ]. [karger.com]
Treatment
All had undergone GA treatment with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
PHASE‐SPECIFIC TREATMENT (ACE) + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs TREATMENT AS USUAL Comparison 14. [doi.org]
Prognosis
Any effective early intervention is therefore likely to improve the long-term prognosis. [ 23 ] [patient.info]
Prompt recognition of the etiology of psychosis may improve treatment, consultation, and prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Abstract Objective : The objective is to provide an overview of the clinical features, prognosis, differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of postpartum psychosis. [doi.org]
Etiology
Psychosis can be attributable to a combination of factors and etiologies, and all possible causes must be systematically examined. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
Key aspects of the epidemiology, clinical spectrum, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment are reviewed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Ten epidemiological studies were relevant: three supported a causal relationship between cannabis use and diagnosed psychosis; five suggested that chronic cannabis intake increases the frequency of psychotic symptoms, but not of diagnosed psychosis; and [doi.org]
Pathophysiology
New pathophysiological hypotheses derived from this brain system-oriented approach have helped to develop and improve novel treatment strategies with noninvasive brain stimulation and practicable clinical parameters. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The review outlines the role of endogenous NAAG at NMDAR neurotransmission and its putative role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. [doi.org]
Prevention
Needs-based intervention was compared with specific preventive intervention comprising low-dose risperidone therapy (mean dosage, 1.3 mg/d) and cognitive behavior therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention depends on the cause. For example, avoiding alcohol prevents psychosis caused by alcohol use. American Psychiatric Association. Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In: American Psychiatric Association. [nlm.nih.gov]