A 45-year-old female was presented with progressive dyspnea and bilateral leg edema. Pulmonary angiography revealed total occlusion of the right pulmonary artery and significant stenosis of the left pulmonary artery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nuclear atypia was not present and no microorganisms were seen. [journalpulmonology.org]

Nevertheless, it presented as the initial isolated presentation is seldom seen. [scielo.br]

The authors present a case involving a 48-year-old First Nations man presenting with a six-month history of exertional dyspnea and severe stenosis of the left pulmonary artery, who was ultimately diagnosed with pulmonary arteritis related to large vessel [ingentaconnect.com]

A diagnostic workup was initiated. Echocardiography showed normal right ventricular systolic function with no evidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension. [karger.com]

The patient was admitted to hospital and given a diagnostic workup. Abdomen ultrasound (USS) showed signs of hepatic steatosis and a poorly defined nodular area in the IV segment. No abnormalities could be detected on chest X-ray. [journalpulmonology.org]

Takayasu’s Arteritis - Overview, Presentation, DDx, Workup, Treatment, Medication at by Jefferson R Roberts, MD; Chief Editor: Herbert S Diamond Paul A. Monach, MD, PhD, and Peter A. [medicalfoxx.com]

Extensive workup ruled out any ongoing infectious disease. [thoracickey.com]

The lesions resolved after two months of steroid treatment. This case shows that we should be aware of atypical GCA manifestations. [journalpulmonology.org]

High-dose methylprednisolone treatment (2.5 g over 3 days) was initiated, and methotrexate was started with rapid dose escalation to 20 mg weekly, replacing azathioprine. [karger.com]

Both patients responded well to corticosteroid treatment. In a review of the literature, only four additional cases associating lung involvement with temporal arteritis were found. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Successful treatment of a patient with Takayasu's arteritis using a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:1197-200. [scielo.br]

At postoperative three months, iloprost treatment was discontinued. [archivesofrheumatology.org]

Key Indexing Terms: TAKAYASU ARTERITIS PULMONARY HYPERTENSION PROGNOSIS VASCULITIS Footnotes Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 81170285) and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [jrheum.org]

Maksimowicz-McKinnon K, Clark TM, Hoffman GS (2007) Limitations of therapy and a guarded prognosis in an American cohort of Takayasu arteritis patients. Arthritis Rheum 56:1000–1009 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 36. [link.springer.com]

Several Turkish studies [ 103, 118 – 121 ] have helped defining the clinical presentation, prognosis and treatment of PAA. This complication can either occur at diagnosis or during the course of BD. [thoracickey.com]

Prognosis ILD associated with rheumatoid arthritis causes significant morbidity and mortality. Mortality is high in patients who develop ILD and pulmonary hypertension. [patient.info]

[…] delay of the diagnosis of disease was 10 months after the onset of first symptoms. 2 Severe hypertension, severe functional disability, and evidence of cardiac involvement were good predictors for either death or major event on follow-up, which help the prognosis [scielo.br]

Diagnoses of "primary pulmonary arteritis" 2,8 or "pulmonary polyarteritis nodosa" 3,6,7,15 were made, the latter term implying a hyperimmune or allergic etiology. [jamanetwork.com]

Giant cell arteritis and Takayasu aortitis: morphologic, pathogenetic and etiologic factors. Int J Cardiol 2000;75:21-33. Brugiere O, Mal H, Sleiman C, Groussard O, Mellot F, Fournier M. [archivesofrheumatology.org]

The etiology of TA is not clear. A possible relationship between TA and tuberculosis has been suggested. Some studies suggest cross-reaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human heat shock protein. [jneuro.com]

The primary systemic vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of syndromes of unknown etiology, which share a clinical response to immunosuppressive therapy ( Table 74-1 ). [mhmedical.com]

Articles include: Epidemiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Pathology of Pulmonary Hypertension, Genetics of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Diagnosis of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Pulmonary Hypertension Owing to Left Heart Disease, Pulmonary [books.google.com]

One of the typical epidemiological features of TA is the marked predominance of the disease in women, with a F/M sex-ratio known to vary from 29/1 to 1.2/1 [ 3 ]. [thoracickey.com]

Epidemiology Rheumatoid arthritis is often associated with pleural disease (20-40%), interstitial pneumonitis (5-10%), nodules (1%), interstitial fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia, and pulmonary vasculitis. [patient.info]

Little epidemiologic data are available on the occurrence of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in the general population. [lungindia.com]

Giant Cell Arteritis Epidemiology and Treatment. Drugs Aging. 1994;4:135-44. Kyle V et al. The clinical and laboratory course of polymyalgia rheumatica/giant cell arteritis after the first two months of treatment. Ann Rheum Dis. 1993;52:847-50. [rarediseases.org]

[…] chest movement kyphoscolioisis marked obesity neuromuscular diseases Disorders inducing pulmonary arterial constriction metabolic acidosis hypoxemia chronic altitiude sickness major airway obstruction idiopathic alveolar hypoventilation return to top Pathophysiology [sharinginhealth.ca]

Gershwin Giant cell arteritis: a review of classification, pathophysiology, geoepidemiology and treatment [3] G.S. Hoffman Giant cell arteritis [4] P. Manganelli, P. Fietta, M. Carotti, A. Pesci, F. [journalpulmonology.org]

Arnaud L, Kahn J-E, Girszyn N, Piette AM, Bletry O (2006) Takayasu’s arteritis: an update on pathophysiology. Eur J Intern Med 17:241–246 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 4. Seko Y (2007) Giant cell and Takayasu’s arteritis. [link.springer.com]

Pathophysiology In this disease, vasculities developed in aorta or its branches which followed a lesion development which is described as a panarteritis with intimal proliferation. [medicalfoxx.com]

(See Pathophysiology .) Age and female sex are established risk factors for GCA, a genetic component seems likely, and infection may have a role (see Etiology ). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prompt diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent devastating complications, such as blindness, stroke and aortic aneurysm or dissection. Typical symptoms include headache, temporal artery tenderness and jaw claudication. [journalpulmonology.org]

The aim of the treatment of takayasu arteritis is to prevention of further narrowing of the arteries by controlling the vasculities. [medicalfoxx.com]

The report was short on advice about what to do to prevent VTE in GCA, but the investigators did recommend “adequate monitoring ... for early recognition of this potentially serious complication.” [mdedge.com]

[…] problem like indigestion or a stomach ulcer, which can be a side effect of taking prednisolone bisphosphonate therapy – to reduce the risk of osteoporosis when taking prednisolone immunosuppressants – to allow steroid medication to be reduced and help prevent [nhs.uk]

Preventive measures may include: Bed rest, low salt diet, a small amount of fluids, diuretics. Disclaimer : The above information is educational purpose. [medigoo.com]