A retrospective study has been presented at the American Thoracic Society in this matter and was very well received. [kamelharpulmonary.com]

Although survival of patients with NTM infections is similar, a striking difference in BOS rates is present in the NTM+ and NTM− groups. AB - Purpose: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are important pathogens in lung transplant recipients. [arizona.pure.elsevier.com]

False positives/negatives Although certain patterns on HRCT scans are associated with high specificity, false-positive results can be seen with any radiographic presentation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

There are less common presentations of NTM infection. [rarediseases.org]

Increasingly, it presents as an indolent lung disease in seemingly normal hosts, especially (in the USA) among middle-aged and elderly women. [academic.oup.com]

• Falling

  […] last two decades, three important observations have been made regarding the pathogenesis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. 1) In patients infected with HIV, nontuberculous mycobacterial infections often occur when the CD4+ T-lymphocyte number falls [clinicaltrials.gov]

  Im Falle des Nichtansprechens der medikamentösen Behandlung kann bei geeigneten Kandidaten mit lokalisierten Erkrankungen durch chirurgische Interventionen der Therapieerfolg verbessert werden. [link.springer.com]

  · Initiation of prophylaxis: Current recommendations are to begin prophylactic therapy with one of the above regimens when the CD4 count falls to less than 50 cells/mm3. · Discontinuation of prophylaxis: Prophylactic therapy can be stopped 3 months [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

• Chills

  At other times, they can cause lung symptoms similar to tuberculosis: Cough Weight loss Coughing up blood or mucus Weakness or fatigue Fever and chills Night sweats Lack of appetite and weight loss Medicines can treat these infections, but often more [medlineplus.gov]

  […] hearing loss Ethambutol 15 mg/kg/day Optic neuritis; chemical hepatitis Rifampin 600 mg/day GI intolerance; hepatotoxicity; leukopenia; multiple drug interactions; discolored secretions (Alternative = rifabutin) 300 mg/day GI intolerance; fever and chills [academic.oup.com]

  High fever (40) accompanied with chills, headache, slightly cough and sputum were occurred 1 month prior to admission. Pulmonary CT scan showed “diffuse lesion in both lungs” ( Figure 3A ). [alliedacademies.org]

• Collapse

  Collapse all Expand all Antecedentes Las micobacterias no tuberculosas son micobacterias, diferentes de las micobacterias del complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis y se hallan con frecuencia en el medio ambiente. [cochranelibrary.com]

• Weight Gain

  Patient 1 had a rapid improvement, as indicated by clearing of blood cultures, abatement of fever and night sweats, regression of lymph nodes and organomegaly, discontinuation of hyperalimentation, weight gain, an increase in height, and cessation of [nejm.org]

• Rigor

  Only when tuberculosis has been rigorously excluded and positive cultures have been consistently obtained over a period of several weeks should the patient be committed to the prolonged, costly and sometimes hazardous courses of chemotherapy required. [apps.who.int]

• Sputum

  Respiratory specimens derived from NTM pulmonary infection suspect patients were taken according to the ATS guideline standard, 3 repeating sputum collected mainly on morning and early morning sputum specimens taken on different days. [10] Accurate sputum [ijmyco.org]

  Multiple sputum specimens should be examined in these patients. [thorax.bmj.com]

  Symptoms due to infection include chronic or recurrent cough, often with expectoration of sputum. Expectorated sputum is commonly purulent in appearance, although mucoid sputum is also consistent with the diagnosis. [academic.oup.com]

  Sputum samples can be taken from what you cough up, from sputum-induction (with saline) or from bronchoscopy (when a fiber-optic tube is passed into your lungs to get samples). [cff.org]

  Lung infection was defined by bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, or blood cultures in the appropriate clinical setting. All identified NTM respiratory tract infections were tabulated. [arizona.pure.elsevier.com]

• Hemoptysis

  Additionally, surgery may be required for infections complicated by hemoptysis or abscess formation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The most common symptoms include a persistent cough, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and occasionally shortness of breath (dyspnea) and coughing up of blood (hemoptysis). [rarediseases.org]

  Hemoptysis often complicates the course of M. avium complex infection, as it does any cause of bronchiectasis. [academic.oup.com]

  Hemoptysis may also be present. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Hemoptysis: Patients with RGM pulmonary infections may develop hemoptysis. Concurrent or recurrent infections with other bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are common. Aspergillus: Similarly, colonization with Aspergillus species is common. [thecardiologyadvisor.com]

• Loss of Appetite

  Symptoms include: Cough (and coughing up blood) Fever Weight loss/loss of appetite Fatigue Night sweats Some people experience a mild NTM infection that doesn’t require treatment. [baptisthealth.net]

  Some people may have mild symptoms, while others have severe problems: Cough, sometimes with blood Fatigue Fever Large amount of mucus Loss of appetite or weight Night sweats Shortness of breath Other symptoms include wheezing, chest pain, and repeat [webmd.com]

  Such symptoms include cough, fatigue, shortness of breath (dyspnea), coughing up of blood (hemoptysis), excessive mucus (sputum) production, fever, night sweats, loss of appetite, and unintended weight loss. Wheezing and chest pain may also occur. [rarediseases.org]

• Failure to Thrive

  Symptoms may include chronic cough, hemoptysis, weight loss and ‘failure to thrive’. Some patients present with a history of recurrent chest infections. [academic.oup.com]

  At the age of five, he had night sweats, fever, sinusitis, cervical adenitis, diarrhea, hepatosplenomegaly, and failure to thrive. Cultures of sinus, lymph node, blood, marrow, and gastric aspirate grew M. avium complex. [nejm.org]

• Cavitary Lesion

  Thelung lesion pattern of the CT findings (branching centrilobular nodules, large consolidation, cavitary lesions, bronchiectasis, number of involved lobes) Body mass index (BMI) Blood cholesterol level Visceral fat volume Specific species Disease duration [epos.myesr.org]

  NTM patients had a lower frequency of cavitary lesions compared to tuberculosis patients ( Table 4 ). [journals.plos.org]

  High-resolution computed tomography scans more precisely demonstrate the extent of parenchymal lung damage, particularly by visualization of nodular bronchiectatic or small cavitary lesions [ 4, 53 ]. [karger.com]

• Mycobacterium Avium Complex

  Relationship between clinical efficacy of treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease and drug-sensitivity testing of Mycobacterium avium complex isolates. J Infect Chemother. 2006;12(4):195–202. PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 29. [link.springer.com]

  Keywords: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment [touchrespiratory.com]

  Kuroishi S, Nakamura Y et al (2008) Mycobacterium avium complex disease: prognostic implication of high-resolution computed tomography findings, Eur Respir J, 32: 147–152. 2. [epos.myesr.org]

  Our focus will be on the most common NTM pathogen, Mycobacterium avium complex. [academic.oup.com]

Treatment Treatment of NTM pulmonary infection varies depending on the species of mycobacterium. [academic.oup.com]

Diagnosis does not imply treatment Discovery of NTM lung disease does not necessarily mean physicians should immediately begin treatment. [consultqd.clevelandclinic.org]

Table 2 lists the drugs used in treatment of NTM-PD. Suggested treatment regimens are shown in table 3. [karger.com]

Current treatment strategies are largely based on expert opinion. The lack of randomized clinical trials to inform treatment leave clinicians with many questions regarding the most effective and safe regimens. [link.springer.com]

Aradigm’s inhaled ciprofloxacin formulations including Linhaliq are also product candidates for treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and for the prevention and treatment of high threat and bioterrorism infections [finance.yahoo.com]

Chest CT findings Regardless of the specific infective mycobacterial specifes and irrespective of prognosis, the most common CT findings of pulmonary NTM infection were as follows (Figure 2). Small... [epos.myesr.org]

Treatment and prognosis The guideline on the management approach can be found in reference 12. Promoted articles (advertising) [radiopaedia.org]

Ollé Goig JE, Sandy R (2003) Prognosis of mono-and polydrug resistant pulmonary tubercolosis in the city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Arch Bronconeumol 39:382–386 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 13. [link.springer.com]

[…] multifactorial and includes consideration of: • How symptomatic the patient is • Whether the NTM lung disease is associated with pulmonary cavities • The patient’s pulmonary co-morbidities and whether they are compensated • The patient’s short- and long-term prognosis [prescriber.co.uk]

Stamatoula Tsikrika (Athens, Greece), Stamatoula Tsikrika, Katerina Dimakou, Andriana Papaioannou, George Hillas, Kostantinos Kostikas, Stelios Loukides, Spyros Papiris, Nikos Koulouris, Petros Bakakos [+] 2557 Non CF-bronchiectasis in a Moldovan population: Etiologic [ers-education.org]

Features: Get the answers to any questions you have with more in-depth coverage of epidemiology, etiology, pathology, microbiology, immunology, and treatment of infectious agents than you’ll find in any other ID resource. [euro-libris.ro]

Etiology of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in adults and its correlation to disease severity. Ann. Am. Thorac. [mdpi.com]

More common infectious etiologies such as fungal, bacterial, and viral infections and non-infectious etiologies such as PTLD or other malignancy must be ruled out. [antimicrobe.org]

Bronchiectasis in a diverse US population: effects of ethnicity on etiology and sputum culture. Chest. 2012;142(1):159–67. PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 12. Mirsaeidi M, Hadid W, Ericsoussi B, Rodgers D, Sadikot RT. [link.springer.com]

Although such an increase is expected in Japan ( 3, 4 ), the epidemiologic situation is unclear. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Kirschner RA, Jr., Parker BC, Falkinham JO 3rd, Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria. [touchrespiratory.com]

[…] data of NTM infection have been found to vary depending on geographical areas; therefore, it is necessary to conduct epidemiological surveillance to provide local epidemiological data. [ijmyco.org]

Thomson RM (2010) Changing epidemiology of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Emerg Infect Dis 16(10) : 1576–83. View Article Google Scholar 11. [journals.plos.org]

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease publishes articles on all aspects of lung health, including public health-related issues such as training programmes, cost-benefit analysis, legislation, epidemiology, intervention studies and [ingentaconnect.com]

While it is unlikely that FBN2 defects account for susceptibility to NTM infection in the majority of cases, the overlap between these two diseases suggests some shared pathophysiology. No Reference information available - sign in for access. [ingentaconnect.com]

Pathophysiology Thirty years ago, almost nothing was known about NTM disease pathophysiology, as it was assumed to be analogous to TB with the exception that NTM lung disease pathogens were known not to be transmitted between humans. [f1000research.com]

Voluntary cough suppression as a pathophysiologic explanation for the high prevalence of M. avium complex infection in older (Caucasian) women and for its tendency to involve middle lobe and lingula has not gained widespread support over the years. [academic.oup.com]

Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST di Monza, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST di Monza, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy 3 Department of Pathophysiology [mdpi.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002 August 13, Reviewed). Frequently Asked Questions, Questions and Answers about TB. National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention Division of Tuberculosis Elimination [On-line information]. [labtestsonline.it]

In addition to medications, our doctors also recommend therapies to clear the airways, which can help prevent more serious lung problems. [nyulangone.org]

About Aradigm Aradigm is an emerging specialty pharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of drugs for the prevention and treatment of severe respiratory diseases. [finance.yahoo.com]

Typically, measures are taken to prevent aspiration and esophageal reflux and to compensate for the bronchial tubes’ inability to sufficiently cleanse themselves. [kamelharpulmonary.com]

You will find comprehensive information about NTM at our parent site NTM Info & Research The “ Insight ” brochure about NTM published by “NTM Info & Research” fully describes the symptoms associated with NTM lung disease, treatment details and prevention [ntmaustralia.com]