Results: The patient had an NMO flare constituting Myeloradiculopathy, a rare presentation of NMOSD. She received Plasmapharesis with near complete resolution of her symptoms. Conclusions: Myeloradiculopathy is an uncommon presentation of NMO. [n.neurology.org]

Tumoral calcinosis is a rare tumoral calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease which presents as periarticular soft tissue calcification. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Case Presentation A 66-year-old male patient, usually in good health, presented progressive paraparesis of three weeks’ duration. Three months prior to admission, he had worked hard for four to five hours a day for three months. [hindawi.com]

A clinical description of the disease is then presented and variations in India from the standard description are highlighted. [books.google.de]

• Anemia

  Intravenous administration of human immune globulin in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210:1623-1627. ‎ Seite 279 - Klein MK, Dow SW, Rosychuk RA. [books.google.de]

  This can lead to anemia, a condition that occurs when your body doesn’t produce enough red blood cells to carry oxygen to your tissues. Anemia can cause weakness, shortness of breath, and dizziness. [healthline.com]

  Megaloblastic and nonmegaloblastic macrocytic anemias. In: G.R. Lee, T.C. Bithell, J. Foerster, J.W. Athens, J.N. Lukens (Ed.) Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology. Philadelphia: 1993, pp. 745-807. [medicaljournal.gazi.edu.tr]

  Diseases that impair bone marrow function may restrict the body's ability to make platelets, and attack bone marrow, such as: leukemia aplastic anemia myeloma bone marrow tumors The main symptom of purpura is a purplish-red rash just beneath the skin's [medicalnewstoday.com]

• Surgical Procedure

  CONCLUSIONS: The aforementioned surgical procedure was safely completed and the surgical outcomes were satisfactory for CSRM including CSA. The instability (the angulation and the vertebral slippage) did not significantly change after surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Conclusions The aforementioned surgical procedure was safely completed and the surgical outcomes were satisfactory for CSRM including CSA. The instability (the angulation and the vertebral slippage) did not significantly change after surgery. [thejns.org]

  It can be considered as the optimal surgical procedure due to providing complete union at the last follow-up and no complications in the radiologic and clinical studies. [synapse.koreamed.org]

  Surgical Procedures Approach The external occipital protuberance (inion) and the spinous processes of C2 and C7 serve as landmarks of the midline. [musculoskeletalkey.com]

  Decompressive laminectomy along with debridement is the most frequent surgical procedures employed in these patients. [nature.com]

• Lower Extremity Pain

  Pseudoclaudication, a characteristic symptom, is uni- or bilateral buttock or lower-extremity pain and/or numbness on walking, which may be relieved by resting, sitting, and bending forward. [consultant360.com]

• Cough

  […] influenza Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcal) disease Other causes of bacteremia including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae Other diseases including Henoch Schonlein purpura, ITP and leukaemia Illness characterised by vomiting or coughing [rch.org.au]

  She smoked 15 cigarettes per day and had had a non-productive cough for two months without fever. Physical examination was unremarkable. Chest radiography showed patchy consolidation at the right apex and bronchoscopy was arranged as an outpatient. [thorax.bmj.com]

  Neurologic deficits may be asymmetric, nonsegmental, and aggravated by cough or Valsalva maneuvers. After trauma, people with cervical spondylosis may develop a central cord syndrome (see table Spinal Cord Syndromes). [msdmanuals.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Symptoms of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura The classic symptoms of HSP are rash, joint pain and swelling, abdominal pain, and/or related kidney disease, including blood in urine. [webmd.com]

  Most adults experience symptoms including: nausea, poor appetite, abdominal pain, fatigue, jaundice (yellow eyes and skin), and dark urine. Although the symptoms resolve over several weeks, fatigue can be prolonged. [instagramwebs.com]

  The symptoms of HSP usually begin suddenly and may include headache, fever, loss of appetite, cramping, abdominal pain, painful menstruation, hives, bloody diarrhea, and joint pain. Red or purple spots typically appear on the skin (petechiae). [rarediseases.org]

  Henoch-Schonlein purpura can also cause abdominal pain and aching joints. Rarely, serious kidney damage can occur. Henoch-Schonlein purpura can affect anyone, but it's most common in children between the ages of 2 and 6. [mayoclinic.org]

  If the clinical picture is suggestive of Henoch Schonlein purpura (purpura on the lower limbs and buttocks in a well child, with or without arthritis or abdominal pain), treat as per HSP guideline Petechiae in well children due to mechanical causes Children [rch.org.au]

• Ulcer

  In adults, this may be triggered by infection with HIV, hepatitis or H. pylori — the type of bacteria that causes stomach ulcers. In most children with ITP, the disorder follows a viral illness, such as the mumps or the flu. [mayoclinic.org]

  Other skin lesions associated with HSP include large hives (urticarial wheals) or ulcers (necrotic), especially on the buttocks and legs. [rarediseases.org]

  Complications of immobility such as skin infections/bedsores and ulcers. Cognitive deterioration is rare but is seen occasionally. [patient.info]

• Skin Rash

  It causes skin rashes that bleed into the skin (petechiae and purpura). Bleeding may also occur from the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys. [mountsinai.org]

• Arthritis

  Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis can also present with purpura, arthritis, and renal inflammation. [hopkinsvasculitis.org]

  progressive, RA: rheumatoid arthritis, and rt: right. Connection (−)/(+); presence/absence of communication to the facet joint. [hindawi.com]

  & Rehabilitation, Vol. 76, No. 1 European Journal of Radiology, Vol. 18, No. 2 Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol. 75, No. 2 Neuroradiology, Vol. 33, No. 5 Neuroradiology, Vol. 32, No. 2 Neuroradiology, Vol. 32, No. 1 Seminars in Arthritis [pubs.rsna.org]

  Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Diagnosis and Treatment The diagnosis of HSP may be clear when the typical rash, arthritis, and abdominal pain are present. [webmd.com]

  HSP can also involve the gut and glomeruli, and can be associated with arthritis. Although uncommon, HSP has been found in adults; the presence of IgA-containing immune deposits on biopsy supports the diagnosis. [medscape.com]

• Osteophyte

  Osteophytes in the neural foramina, most commonly between C5 and C6 or C6 and C7, can cause radiculopathy (a nerve root disorder). Sometimes the cord and nerve roots are affected, causing radiculomyelopathy. [msdmanuals.com]

  The extra mobility between adjacent vertebral areas probably results in osteophyte formation. [thamburaj.com]

  Cervical osteophytes: a cause of potentially life-threatening laryngeal spasms. Case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2006 May. 4(5):419-20. [Medline]. Kanbay M, Selcuk H, Yilmaz U. Dysphagia caused by cervical osteophytes: a rare case. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Muscular Atrophy

  您的位置：首页 -> 词典 -> 脊髓病性肌萎缩 1) myelopathic muscular atrophy 脊髓病性肌萎缩 2) juvenile spinal muscular atrophy (JSMA) 青少年脊髓病性肌萎缩 3) Spinal muscular atrophy 脊髓性肌萎缩 1. [dictall.com]

  Gene Diagnosis of Spinal Muscular Atrophy, 脊髓性肌萎缩症的基因诊断 短句来源 Genetic diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy 脊髓性肌萎缩症的基因诊断 短句来源 A study of survival motor neuron and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein gene in spinal muscular atrophy 脊髓性肌萎缩症的基因研究 短句来源 Gene [dict.cnki.net]

  上海市儿科医学研究所, 上海 200092 Clinical features and electrophysiology analysis of 13 cases of infantile spinal muscular atrophy SHEN Ying1, ZHANG Jing-min2, ZHOU Min-jie1, LU Na1, ZHOU Ling1 1. Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, 2. [xuebao.shsmu.edu.cn]

  With pure LMN features (progressive muscular atrophy). [patient.info]

• Lordosis

  Cervical lordosis, flexion-extension angles, range of motion (ROM), and the angulation and the extent of vertebral slippage at the affected nerve root levels were measured preoperatively and at last follow-up examination. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Cervical lordosis, flexion–extension angles, range of motion (ROM), and the angulation and the extent of vertebral slippage at the affected nerve root levels were measured preoperatively and at last follow-up examination. [thejns.org]

  6 The posterior complex, including the lamina and supra- and interspinous ligaments, are preserved, serving as the reattachment sites for the paracervical muscles that may help restore cervical stability and maintain preoperative cervical lordosis.7 [musculoskeletalkey.com]

  Loss of cervical lordosis is an early finding. Spinal cord narrowing correlates with myelopathy. Neurophysiologhical studies (EMG and nerve conduction studies) can be used when the diagnosis is in doubt. [thamburaj.com]

• Back Pain

  pain and bilateral buttock and leg pain. [orthobullets.com]

  Patients will frequently report moderate-to-severe back pain as a part of their initial symptomatology. [consultant360.com]

  Most patients with vertebral involvement present with back pain, leg weakness and a gibbus deformity. [nature.com]

• Headache

  It can cause side effects such as headache, nausea, and fever. [healthline.com]

  When the central nervous system is involved, individuals with this disorder may experience severe headaches, perceptual changes, convulsions, visual difficulties (optic atrophy), and/or seizures. [rarediseases.org]

  Side effects include dizziness, headaches, joint and muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, increased blood clot risk, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Rituximab (Rituxan) - helps lower the immune response. [medicalnewstoday.com]

• Cervical Radiculopathy

  Authors' conclusions: Both small trials had significant risks of bias and do not provide reliable evidence on the effects of surgery for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or myelopathy. [cochrane.org]

  One trial with 81 patients compared surgical decompression with either physiotherapy or cervical collar immobilization in patients with cervical radiculopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Hyperreflexia

  2009 1 63/f Myelopathy below C5, bilat. hand paresthesia C4/5, lt MRI, OR, histology connection (−) Laminectomy C4/5 instrumentation, fusion Complete recovery, 1 yr RA 15 yrs C4/5 instability Muzii et al., 2010 1 60/m Progr. paraparesis, 1 yr ataxia, hyperreflexia [hindawi.com]

  Symptoms and Signs Cord compression commonly causes gradual spastic paresis, paresthesias, or both in the hands and feet and may cause hyperreflexia. Neurologic deficits may be asymmetric, nonsegmental, and aggravated by cough or Valsalva maneuvers. [msdmanuals.com]

  […] and symptoms depend on which spinal cord level (cervical,[5] thoracic, or lumbar) is affected and the extent (anterior, posterior, or lateral) of the pathology, and may include: Upper motor neuron signs—weakness, spasticity, clumsiness, altered tonus, hyperreflexia [en.wikipedia.org]

  Examination of the arms was normal but there was hypertonia of the legs with MRC grade 4/5 weakness in a pyramidal distribution, hyperreflexia, and extensor plantar responses. There was a sensory level at T4. [thorax.bmj.com]

• Dizziness

  You suddenly feel lightheaded, dizzy, or weak. When should I contact my healthcare provider? You have bleeding from your gums, mouth, or nose. You have irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding. You have blood in your urine or bowel movement. [drugs.com]

  Anemia can cause weakness, shortness of breath, and dizziness. If a woman has endometriosis she may have heavy blood loss that she can not see because it is hidden in the abdominal or pelvic area. [healthline.com]

  Side effects include dizziness, headaches, joint and muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, increased blood clot risk, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Rituximab (Rituxan) - helps lower the immune response. [medicalnewstoday.com]

• Unable to Walk

  Within a week she was readmitted with band-like thoracic pain associated with urinary incontinence, paraesthesiae in the legs, and worsening bilateral leg weakness such that she was unable to walk. [thorax.bmj.com]

  Positive serology for Campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), or Mycoplasma pneumoniae is more frequently associated with the severe form of the disease (unable to walk at the nadir). 30 While the sequence of pathophysiologic [consultant360.com]

  […] unassisted Grade 4 Unable to walk without assistance Grade 5 Wheelchair or bedbound Based on gait and ambulatory function Ranawat Classification Class I Pain, no neurologic deficit Class II Subjective weakness, hyperreflexia, dyssthesias Class IIIA Objective [orthobullets.com]

This treatment protocol delivered rapid clinical benefits and long-term tumor control demonstrating the viability of SRS in the treatment of this difficult and rare condition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

One trial (68 patients with mild functional deficit associated with cervical myelopathy) found no significant differences between surgery and conservative treatment in three years following treatment. [cochrane.org]

However, most of the previous studies tend to justify patients, prognosis in a single dimension. [clinicaltrials.gov]

No evidence of any complications associated with irradiation was apparent, and the patient continued to demonstrate a positive prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis Gastrointestinal or pulmonary bleeding can be life-threatening. The long term prognosis depends on the extent of the renal involvement. [orpha.net]

Author/year Number of cases Age/sex Presenting symptom/signs Location Diagnostic modality Treatment Prognosis follow-up period Associated condition Takano et al., 1992 1 72/m Spastic paraparesis, 1 yr bilat. [hindawi.com]

Such characteristic similarities in both clinical and radiologic features are important in considering the etiology of calcification of the cervical ligamenta flawa. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology SHP is associated with deposition of IgA-dominant immune complexes in arterioles, capillaries, and venules, but the exact etiology remains unknown. [orpha.net]

Source: The Veterinary record 2001 v.148 no.13 pp. 403-407 ISSN: 0042-4900 Subject: etiology, blood serum, dogs, German Shepherd, alpha-tocopherol, chronic diseases Agid: 1537403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.148.13.403 Links DOI: 10.1136/vr.148.13.403 [pubag.nal.usda.gov]

It brings together information on all aspects of OPLL - epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment - with contributions by Japanese researchers and surgeons, including members of the Ministry of Health and Welfare Investigation Committee, and by [books.google.com]

Etiology• The etiology and pathogenesis of DISH is uncertain.• Research has focused on many possible risk factors, which include: – trauma or occupational stress, – Endocrine abnormalities including acromegaly, hypoparathyroidism, diabetes, growth hormone [slideshare.net]

The characteristics of the virus, its epidemiology and the diag nosis and management of the various forms of infection are all considered. [books.google.ro]

It brings together information on all aspects of OPLL - epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment - with contributions by Japanese researchers and surgeons, including members of the Ministry of Health and Welfare Investigation Committee, and by [books.google.com]

Each chapter begins with a shot historical account of the disease, followed by a critical evaluation of the epidemiological and/or hospital based data. This is then compared with the data of other global populations. [books.google.de]

Summary Epidemiology SHP usually affects children and is rare in adults. Annual incidence in children is estimated at between 1/6,660 and 1/4,880, whereas it is estimated at around 1/1,000,000 in adults. The male-to-female ratio is 1.5:1. [orpha.net]

View Article PubMed Google Scholar Baptiste DC, Fehlings MG: Pathophysiology of cervical myelopathy. Spine J. 2006, 6: 190S-197S. 10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.024. [bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com]

Pathophysiology Cervical spondylosis is the result of disk degeneration. As disks age, they fragment, lose water, and collapse. Initially, this starts in the nucleus pulposus. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Etiology and pathophysiology: The primary event is a progressive decrease in the degree of hydration resulting in loss of disc height, disc fibrosis and annular weakening. [thamburaj.com]

The characteristic bilateral occurrence and associated cervical subluxation at the involved segment supported the degenerative pathophysiology in the cyst. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript. [hindawi.com]

Schönlein-henoch purpura in children and adults: diagnosis, pathophysiology and management. Biodrugs. 2001;15:99-138. Saulsbury FT. Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2001;13:35-40. INTERNET Clowse MEB. Henoch-Schönlein purpura. [rarediseases.org]

Getting prompt treatment will help prevent any potential complications. [healthline.com]

Chapter 69 Surrogate Markers of Antiretroviral Efficacy 826 Overcoming Barriers to Providing ARV Therapy in ResourceLimited Settings 831 Chapter 71 Antiretroviral Drugs for HIV Prevention 836 Chapter 72 Acute HIV Infection 843 Chapter 73 Opportunistic [books.google.com]

[…] in 19% of 84 cases of post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea in one series.1 In the less common "spontaneous" CSF leaks, the incidence of meningitis is uncertain, since only a few isolated cases have been reported.2,3 Consequently, the prevention [jamanetwork.com]

In order to prevent damage to the spinal cord, the instrumentation should be completed before the laminectomy. [bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com]