A similar association was present in children with wheeze cOR = 0.4 (95% CI 0.1-1.2). The number of siblings was not associated with atopy in any group. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Many of the children who present with RRTI are immunologically normal children but it is important to recognise the features of a possible immune deficit or other serious underlying disorder. [repository.up.ac.za]

When a patient presents with recurrent URIs, the clinical history is the starting point. [healio.com]

• Feeding Difficulties

  difficulties, especially in children with syndromes or other congenital anomalies. [unboundmedicine.com]

  Refer to the growth chart: poor weight gain Especially in moderate to large defects, because the calorie requirement is higher, feeding difficulties and frequent respiratory tract infections. [explainmedicine.com]

  A history of swallowing difficulties or choking with feeds, or of gastro-oesophageal reflux, should be sought as recurrent aspiration of feeds is an important cause of recurrent pneumonia 11 and chronic suppurative lung disease, particularly in children [academic.oup.com]

• Anemia

  Autoimmune disease may be limited to a single tissue or organ, or may be more global in nature (e.g., autoimmune hemolytic anemia and systemic lupus erythematosis or rheumatoid arthritis). [theasthmacenter.org]

  Anemia of chronic disease can develop in patients with chronic infections. [immunoloji.uludag.edu.tr]

• Weight Loss

  He has no weight loss or night sweats. On examination he has bilateral basal crackles in the lungs, normal tympanic membranes, no facial tenderness, and no lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly. [bmj.com]

  Tuberculosis Tuberculosis should be considered in any child with a persistent productive cough, particularly if there are systemic features such as fever, weight loss or general malaise. [academic.oup.com]

• Malaise

  Sometimes Common (mild to moderate, hacking) [4] Common (dry cough, can be severe) Headache Uncommon Rare Common Fever Never Rare in adults, possible in children [4] Very common 100–102 °F (or higher in young children), lasting 3–4 days; may have chills Malaise [en.wikipedia.org]

  Tuberculosis Tuberculosis should be considered in any child with a persistent productive cough, particularly if there are systemic features such as fever, weight loss or general malaise. [academic.oup.com]

• Fatigue

  [4] Common (dry cough, can be severe) Headache Uncommon Rare Common Fever Never Rare in adults, possible in children [4] Very common 100–102 °F (or higher in young children), lasting 3–4 days; may have chills Malaise Sometimes Sometimes Very common Fatigue [en.wikipedia.org]

• Pertussis

  This is common after Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) and M. pneumoniae infections 3. With these pathogens the cough, which may be paroxysmal, may yield clear or white mucus. [academic.oup.com]

  Getting the MMR ( measles, mumps, and rubella ) and pertussis vaccine will substantially lower your risk of getting a respiratory infection. The other ones to mention are influenza vaccination and pneumovax. [healthline.com]

  […] caused by bacteria, most commonly Streptococcus pyogenes, a group A streptococcus in streptococcal pharyngitis ("strep throat"). [8] Other bacterial causes are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bordetella pertussis [en.wikipedia.org]

• Respiratory Disorders

  Other disorders and infections of the airways in the upper and lower respiratory passages, such as asthma and sinusitis, parallel the rise in ear infections. [immunoloji.uludag.edu.tr]

• Vomiting

  GERD should be considered in all children with recurrent RTI in addition to other suggestive features, including frequent vomiting, wheezing and hoarseness. [immunoloji.uludag.edu.tr]

• Hypotension

  Commonly reported symptoms include chills, rigors, hypotension, lightheadedness, myalgias, low grade fever, headache, and occasionally shortness of breath and/or dyspnea ( 5, 38, 44, 51 ). [antimicrobe.org]

• Sweating

  Most of the other laboratory tests (including sweat tests) and diagnostic procedures require experienced and trained personnel and special facilities and equipment that are available in pediatric pulmonary centers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  He has no weight loss or night sweats. On examination he has bilateral basal crackles in the lungs, normal tympanic membranes, no facial tenderness, and no lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly. [bmj.com]

  Usually a sensitive indicator of congestive cardiac failure. [1] [4] Profuse perspiration, evident as scalp sweating. [explainmedicine.com]

  Cystic fibrosis could present at this age with her symptoms-Elevated sweat chloride ¡Ý60 mmol/L (on two occasions) It is still possible this is a normal variant especially if she has recently stated day care or preschool. [aaaai.org]

  All children with persistent cough should have their sweat electrolytes measured. The sweat test remains the standard diagnostic test for CF, although CF gene mutation studies are being used increasingly. [academic.oup.com]

• Myalgia

  Commonly reported symptoms include chills, rigors, hypotension, lightheadedness, myalgias, low grade fever, headache, and occasionally shortness of breath and/or dyspnea ( 5, 38, 44, 51 ). [antimicrobe.org]

• Headache

  Check if you have an RTI Symptoms of an RTI include: a cough – you may bring up mucus (phlegm) sneezing a stuffy or runny nose a sore throat headaches muscle aches breathlessness, tight chest or wheezing a high temperature (fever) feeling generally unwell [nhs.uk]

  Symptoms of URTIs commonly include cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, headache, low-grade fever, facial pressure and sneezing. Symptoms of rhinovirus in children usually begin 1–3 days after exposure. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Other symptoms include: headaches stuffed or runny nose sore throat sneezing muscle aches and pain The symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection usually pass within one to two weeks. [hse.ie]

  Finally, late adverse reactions may include headache, which may have migraine-like features and may be associated with nausea and fever. [theasthmacenter.org]

  Commonly reported symptoms include chills, rigors, hypotension, lightheadedness, myalgias, low grade fever, headache, and occasionally shortness of breath and/or dyspnea ( 5, 38, 44, 51 ). [antimicrobe.org]

• Seizure

  […] indicated when precise identification is essential Consider evaluation of Humoral Immune System for recurrent otitis media -Evaluate closely for co-morbid conditions which may predispose to recurrent otitis Meningitis 55 Fever Neck pain/stiffness Headache Seizures [antimicrobe.org]

Diagnostic workup in a 2-year-old girl with acute foreign body impaction into the esophagus and frequent respiratory tract infections revealed right descending aortic arch with ligamentum arteriosum as the cause of extrinsic esophageal-tracheal compression [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Hypogammaglobulinemia

  We have shown that the other humoral immunodeficiency diseases such as transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy and IgG subclass deficiency were also a common problem in the present study. [scialert.net]

  IVIG has no established benefit for the treatment of IgG subclass deficiency, selective IgA deficiency, COPD with hypogammaglobulinemia but normal antibody function, or patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and no history of recurrent infections (which [antimicrobe.org]

  Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy be also be considered in young children. [healio.com]

  Patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, common variable hypogammaglobulinemia, hyper-IgM syndromes, and other severe immunoglobulin deficiencies often require immunoglobulin replacement. [theasthmacenter.org]

• Chlamydia

  BACKGROUND: The aim of this study of 352 patients, 1-14 years of age, with acute respiratory infections and a history of recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs), and 208 healthy subjects was to evaluate whether Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Bacteria are mainly implicated in adults with recurrent respiratory tract infections.[9] Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the major bacterial species involved, followed by Legionella pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Klebsiella [slideheaven.com]

  Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and other streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis are the commonest non-viral pathogens for lower respiratory infections 3 ,5. [academic.oup.com]

There were no clinical relevant changes in laboratory parameters after treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Immune deficiency is not frequent but could influence the prognosis. Therefore immune explorations should be well codified. KEYWORDS: Immune deficiency; Pediatrics; Recurrent respiratory infections [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis Although HIES is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, adequate care, close monitoring, and patient compliance improve the prognosis and can lead to survival of 50 years of age or over. [orpha.net]

In addition, treatment before the age of 3 months is also associated with better prognosis. [antimicrobe.org]

A HRQOL assessment may identify unexpected functional disability, monitor disease progression, and improve patient prognosis. [journals.plos.org]

The prognosis is poor, with most children dying early. Defective neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis and intracellular killing results from defects in micro-tubules and an inability of enzymes to release their granules. h. [theasthmacenter.org]

The results suggest that TTP is effective drug in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections with undefined infectious etiology. In the period of the treatment as well as during 6 months observation no side effects were noticed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology In 70% of patients, the phenotype is associated with heterozygous mutations of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 gene ( STAT3 ; 17q21.31). [orpha.net]

I would suggest a CT scan of the sinuses to see if the child has chronic rhinosinusitis as the etiology or a factor in her condition. She may never be clearing chronic sinus disease. 2. [aaaai.org]

Timing, location, and prodromes to recurrence can all provide important clues to the etiology of infection. [immunoloji.uludag.edu.tr]

Available evidence suggests that defining recurrent RTIs as >or=3 infections per fall-winter semester is both medically and epidemiologically justified. Therefore, this criterion was chosen as a primary endpoint. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children and adults: a global perspective. Epidemiol Rev. 1990;12:149-78. Teele DW, Klein JO, Rosner B. [ijpediatrics.com]

Keywords: disease management, epidemiology, general practice, immunity, therapeutics This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. [dovepress.com]

Epidemiology of otitis media. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1991; 24: 775–86 PubMed Google Scholar 4. Wald ER, Dashefsky B, Beyers C, et al. Frequency and severity of infections in day care. J Pediatr 1986; 112: 4540–6 Google Scholar 5. Appelbaum PC. [link.springer.com]

Epidemiology, natural history, and risk factors: panel report from the Ninth International Research Conference on Otitis Media. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74:231. 2. James KM, Peebles RS Jr, Hartert TV. [aaaai.org]

Cause [ edit ] In terms of pathophysiology, rhino virus infection resembles the immune response. The viruses do not cause damage to the cells of the upper respiratory tract but rather cause changes in the tight junctions of epithelial cells. [en.wikipedia.org]

The pathophysiology of this ‘post-bronchiolitis syndrome’ is complex, involving abnormalities of both immune function and airway growth. [academic.oup.com]

Antibacterial treatments can temporarily restore the equilibrium between host and bacterial load, but do not prevent recurrence of infection. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These infections are still treated with antibiotics but the rise in resistant bacterial strains has prompted investigation of novel preventative strategies. [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

They have a prevention-oriented approach, implement preventive measures when possible and prescribe products for prevention. [dovepress.com]