A male with advanced oropharyngeal cancer is presented in the present report, who was treated with radiotherapy with concurrent administration of cisplatin and who underwent a total of three episodes of severe hyponatremia in the course of therapy. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Features that differentiate Bartter and Gitelman syndromes involve renal calcium handling and deposition, serum magnesium, and clinical presentation ( 23 ). [jci.org]

Urinary sodium concentration was 85 to 145 mmol/L, fractional excretion of sodium was 1.0% to 8.0%, and urinary osmolar concentration was 340 to 619 mmol/kg, while orthostatic hypotension was present. [annals.org]

We report 4 patients with cerebral salt wasting, all of whom presented with hyponatremia in the presence of known intracerebral pathology. All had clinically significant hyponatremia, and 3 had hyponatremic seizures. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Genetic abnormalities are carefully presented within the appropriate physiologic context so that readers will understand not only which genes are linked to which diseases but also which pathways lead from a genetic “disturbance” to the systemic appearance [books.google.de]

• Weight Loss

  Thyroid and adrenal functions were normal, there was no edema or body weight loss, and skin turgor was normal. [link.springer.com]

  Physical examination revealed signs of volume depletion such as weight loss, dry tongue and reduced skin turgor. Central neurologic symptoms with intermittent confusion, disorientation, and short-term memory loss were observed. [e-sciencecentral.org]

  In CSW, expect signs and symptoms of dehydration, including dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, weight loss, and a negative fluid balance (with output exceeding intake). [americannursetoday.com]

  Intravascular volume depletion Historical features suggesting hypovolemia include thirst, abrupt weight loss, decreasing urinary frequency, and negative fluid balance. 11. [slideshare.net]

  A 6-month-old girl presented with low grade continuous fever, weight loss (one month), and right focal seizure. She was exclusively breast fed. Her father was receiving treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. [annalsofian.org]

• Inflammation

  […] neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing US20050124016A1 ( en ) 2005-06-09 Antibodies specific for toxic amyloid beta protein oligomers Kane et al. 1996 A controlled trial of the effect of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, zileuton, on lung inflammation [google.mk]

  […] associated with focal (see also Nephritis) 583.9 old - see Glomerulonephritis, chronic quiescent - see Nephritis, chronic toxic - see Nephritis, acute tubal, tubular - see Nephrosis, tubular type II (Ellis) - see Nephrosis vascular - see Hypertension, kidney Inflammation [icd9data.com]

• Pneumonia

  The results were shown sputum culture and sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae. [omicsonline.org]

  Fungal pneumonia was developed on PTD 7 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia was diagnosed on PTD 18. The following day, she developed intermittent short-term memory loss, drowsiness and tremor in both hands. [e-sciencecentral.org]

  His serum sodium returned to normal one month after successful treatment of his pneumonia. This case illustrates how a slowly evolving pneumonia had gradually lowered his osmostat and serum sodium[ 31 ]. [wjgnet.com]

  Additional causes include encephalitis, central nervous system tumors, head trauma, pneumonia, psychiatric disease, prolonged nausea, AIDS, tuberculous meningitis, and the postictal phase after generalized seizures. [clinicaladvisor.com]

• Salt Craving

  cravings, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (dysautonomia), and dehydration. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Hypotension

  Seven of seventy patients treated with cisplatin over 18 months developed salt-wasting nephropathy and orthostatic hypotension. [annals.org]

  Look at other dictionaries: Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome — Classification and external resources DiseasesDB 32234 eMedicine ped/354 Cerebral salt wasting syndrome ( … Wikipedia salt depletion syndrome — salt losing syndrome vomiting, dehydration, hypotension [medicine.academic.ru]

  Its hallmarks are renal excretion of sodium and loss of extracellular fluid volume, producing signs and symptoms of hyponatremia and hypotension. [americannursetoday.com]

  As a nonosmotic stimulus, hypotension exerts an effect on the secretion of ADH. The stimulating effect of hypotension overcomes the inhibitory effect of hypotonicity. [nature.com]

  The largest difference between the two disorders is intravascular volume depletion in CSW (hypotension, decreased skin turgor, elevated hematocrit, possibly increased BUN/serum creatinine ratio) despite a urine sodium concentration that is not low. [seahecim.wordpress.com]

• Orthostatic Hypotension

  Seven of seventy patients treated with cisplatin over 18 months developed salt-wasting nephropathy and orthostatic hypotension. [annals.org]

  Advanced symptoms include muscle cramps, lightheadedness, dizziness or vertigo, feelings of anxiety or panic, increased heart rate or slowed heart rate, low blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension which can result in fainting. [5] Other symptoms frequently [en.wikipedia.org]

  In CSW, expect signs and symptoms of dehydration, including dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, weight loss, and a negative fluid balance (with output exceeding intake). [americannursetoday.com]

  Commonly used signs of hypovolaemia include orthostatic tachycardia or hypotension, increased capillary refill time, increased skin turgor, dry mucous membranes and a sunken anterior fontanel. [jnaccjournal.org]

  Because of reduced extracellular fluid may have dehydration performance such as low central venous, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, dry mucous membrane, jugular vein collapse, body weight loss, et al. [ 7 ]. [omicsonline.org]

• Thrombosis

  […] al. 2001 Ibuprofen effects on Alzheimer pathology and open field activity in APPsw transgenic mice Branch et al. 1993 Induction of endothelial cell tissue factor activity by sera from patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: a possible mechanism of thrombosis [google.mk]

  […] beta-amyloid proteins Phillips et al. 2000 A de novo mutation in sporadic nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy Branch et al. 1993 Induction of endothelial cell tissue factor activity by sera from patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: a possible mechanism of thrombosis [google.com]

• Muscular Atrophy

  Ohashi et al. 2003 Abnormal protein profiles in tears with dry eye syndrome Lefebvre et al. 1997 Correlation between severity and SMN protein level in spinal muscular atrophy Takuma et al. 2009 RAGE-mediated signaling contributes to intraneuronal transport [google.mk]

  atrophy Zhu et al. 2000 Activation of p38 kinase links tau phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and cell cycle-related events in Alzheimer disease Weiss et al. 1993 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and thyroid function Sullivan et al. 1998 Traumatic [google.com]

• Conjunctival Injection

  May et al. 1999 Functional magnetic resonance imaging in spontaneous attacks of SUNCT: Short‐lasting neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing US20050124016A1 ( en ) 2005-06-09 Antibodies specific for toxic amyloid beta protein oligomers [google.mk]

• Dry Eyes

  Ohashi et al. 2003 Abnormal protein profiles in tears with dry eye syndrome Lefebvre et al. 1997 Correlation between severity and SMN protein level in spinal muscular atrophy Takuma et al. 2009 RAGE-mediated signaling contributes to intraneuronal transport [google.mk]

• Withdrawn

  Sinai Hospital Corporation Method for quantitating prostaglandin d synthase in biological samples 1998 1998-06-11 US US09/096,335 patent/US6458549B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related 1999 1999-06-10 EP EP99928559A patent/EP1109929A4/en not_active Withdrawn [google.com]

• Seizure

  Hypo¬natremia also raises the seizure risk, so take appropriate seizure precautions. Also keep suction set up in the patient’s room. For better visual monitoring, the patient may need to be moved to a visible area on the unit. [americannursetoday.com]

  All had clinically significant hyponatremia, and 3 had hyponatremic seizures. Two of the patients also satisfied clinical criteria for diabetes insipidus. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

  Infants, however, lack the ability to dilute their urine to this extent and are at increased risk of water intoxication and hyponatremic seizures after administration of free water. [clinicaladvisor.com]

  […] symptoms frequently associated with dysautonomia include headaches, pallor, malaise, facial flushing, constipation or diarrhea, nausea, acid reflux, visual disturbances, numbness, nerve pain, trouble breathing, chest pain, loss of consciousness, and seizures [en.wikipedia.org]

  The clinical manifestations include seizures, headache, altered level of consciousness, involuntary movements, ataxia, speech impairment, and delirium 13) 14). [e-sciencecentral.org]

• Headache

  The next day, he developed mild headache and tremor in both hands. Three days later, headache was exacerbated and neurologic symptoms include personality changes, decreased activity, drowsiness was developed. [e-sciencecentral.org]

  […] lightheadedness, dizziness or vertigo, feelings of anxiety or panic, increased heart rate or slowed heart rate, low blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension which can result in fainting. [5] Other symptoms frequently associated with dysautonomia include headaches [en.wikipedia.org]

  The patient also may report headache and increased thirst. Hyponatremia signs and symptoms—confusion, lethargy, decreased level of consciousness, seizures, and coma—are common, too. [americannursetoday.com]

  Symptoms include lethargy, agitation, headache, altered consciousness, seizures,and coma. The severity of symptoms typically reflects the magnitude and rapidity of the decrease in serum sodium concentration. [slideshare.net]

  May et al. 1999 Functional magnetic resonance imaging in spontaneous attacks of SUNCT: Short‐lasting neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing US20050124016A1 ( en ) 2005-06-09 Antibodies specific for toxic amyloid beta protein oligomers [google.mk]

• Encephalopathy

  On day 8 an EEG revealed anterior delta rhythm activity, consistent with an encephalopathy. Polymerase chain reaction tests for herpex simplex and varicella were negative. [jnnp.bmj.com]

  […] metabolite concentrations in melancholia Alho et al. 1985 Diazepam-binding inhibitor: a neuropeptide located in selected neuronal populations of rat brain Mintz et al. 1989 Elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor are associated with progressive encephalopathy [google.mk]

  Cerebrospinal fluid levels of amyloid β‐protein in alzheimer's disease: Inverse correlation with severity of dementia and effect of apolipoprotein e genotype Mullen et al. 1990 " Endogenous" benzodiazepine activity in body fluids of patients with hepatic encephalopathy [google.com]

  N Engl J Med 372:55–65 Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Ayus JC, Wheeler JM, Arieff AI (1992) Postoperative hyponatremic encephalopathy in menstruant women. [link.springer.com]

• Mild Cognitive Impairment

  cognitive impairment and alzheimer's disease Family Cites Families (2) * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title US5846220A ( en ) * 1996-04-30 1998-12-08 Medtronic, Inc. [google.mk]

• Cognitive Disorder

  G01N2800/2814 — Dementia; Cognitive disorders G01N2800/2821 — Alzheimer Y — GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER [google.mk]

• Hematuria

  […] cerebral dysfunction Plasmodium malariae malaria with nephropathy Post-infectious glomerulonephritis Post-infectious glomerulonephritis - Garland variety Primary iga nephropathy Puumala virus nephropathy Radiation nephritis Recurrent and persistent hematuria [icd9data.com]

Objectives INTRODUCTION Definition PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Etiology EPIDEMIOLOGY History Physical Examination Workup DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Prognosis SUMMARY 3. [slideshare.net]

(See Presentation and Workup.) [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Hyponatremia

  Hyponatremia after chemotherapy is not an uncommon clinical syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Introduction Hyponatremia, defined by sodium levels of 1 ). Prevalence of hyponatremia is approximately 15–30% in hospitalized patients, both children and adults, and 1–8% in outpatient clinic setting ( 2 ). [frontiersin.org]

  Abstract Hyponatremia is one of the electrolyte abnormalities frequently encountered in cancer therapy. Cisplatin is a well-known drug which can raise various adverse events, including hyponatremia. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

  Introduction Hyponatremia is among the metabolic disturbances oncologists confront in treating patients with malignant disease. Chemotherapy can precipitate or aggravate hyponatremia [ 1, 2 ]. [link.springer.com]

  Other causes of polyuria and hyponatremia should be excluded. Treatment aims at restoring the lost water and salt. Substituting cisplatin with carboplatin depends on individual clinical settings. [utsouthwestern.influuent.utsystem.edu]

• Neurofibrillary Tangle

  tangle formation in Alzheimer’s disease Roy et al. 1985 Cerebrospinal fluid monoamine and monoamine metabolite concentrations in melancholia Alho et al. 1985 Diazepam-binding inhibitor: a neuropeptide located in selected neuronal populations of rat brain [google.mk]

The treatment for RSWS is supplement of salt, which is opposite to the treatment of SIADH. We report a case of a patient with hyponatremia and excessive urinary excretion of sodium after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment aims at restoring the lost water and salt. Substituting cisplatin with carboplatin depends on individual clinical settings. [utsouthwestern.influuent.utsystem.edu]

The treatment for RSWS is supplement of salt, which is opposite to the treatment of SIADH. We report a case of a patient with hyponatremia and excessive urinary excretion of sodium after cisplatin -based chemotherapy. [journals.lww.com]

Simple fluid restriction is recommended for the treatment of hyponatremia in uncomplicated SIADH ( 11, 49 ). [frontiersin.org]

"Treatment options for hyponatremia in heart failure". Heart Fail Rev. vol. 14. 2009. pp. 65-73. Huang, EA, Feldman, BJ, Schwartz, ID. "Oral urea for the treatment of chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis in children". [clinicaladvisor.com]

Prognosis is excellent, as recovery was the rule in all the reported cases. [utsouthwestern.influuent.utsystem.edu]

Objectives INTRODUCTION Definition PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Etiology EPIDEMIOLOGY History Physical Examination Workup DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Prognosis SUMMARY 3. [slideshare.net]

As long as accurate and timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment, the prognosis is good. About CSWS pathogenesis remains to be further studied. [omicsonline.org]

Alvarez et al. 1996 Blood levels of histamine, IL-1β, and TNF-α in patients with mild to moderate alzheimer disease Follo et al. 1994 Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: incidence, clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis [google.com]

Finally, inappropriate ADH secretion can occur as a result of renal, adrenal, or thyroid dysfunction, and so those etiologies should be ruled out if suspected. [docneuro.com]

To confidently diagnose CSW, regardless of etiology, we believe the following criteria must be met: 1. [sjtrem.biomedcentral.com]

Objectives INTRODUCTION Definition PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Etiology EPIDEMIOLOGY History Physical Examination Workup DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Prognosis SUMMARY 3. [slideshare.net]

(See Pathophysiology, Etiology, and Presentation.) [emedicine.medscape.com]

Table 4: Etiological factors considering to cause hyponatremia in SCI patients Discussion In the literature, higher prevalence of hyponatremia has been generally reported in SCI or surgery patients. [nature.com]

Objectives INTRODUCTION Definition PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Etiology EPIDEMIOLOGY History Physical Examination Workup DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Prognosis SUMMARY 3. [slideshare.net]

Kojima et al have described an animal model of cerebral salt-wasting syndrome that may allow better clarification of the condition’s etiology. [8] Epidemiology Occurrence in the United States Exact incidence data for this disorder are not available. [emedicine.medscape.com]

More than 2,000 disease genes have been identified in the last 20 years, providing important new insight into the pathophysiology of diseases in every field of medicine. [books.google.de]

However, an exact value and pathophysiologic mechanisms of decreased serum uric acid level in pediatric patients remain elusive. [frontiersin.org]

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY The SNS promotes Na˖, uric acid &water reabsorption in the proximal tubule, as well as renin release. [slideshare.net]

We will review the salient pathophysiological features of both syndromes, highlight some important pathophysiological differences, critically review the literature and present a suggested approach to differentiate SIAD from RSW. [wjgnet.com]

In this review, we briefly discuss the pathophysiology of SIADH and renal salt wasting (RSW), and the difficulty in differentiating SIADH from RSW, and review the origin of the perceived rarity of RSW, as well as the value of determining fractional excretion [mdpi.com]

In the mouse, inactivation of alphaENaC results in failure to clear fetal lung liquid at birth and in early neonatal death, preventing the observation of a PHA-1 renal phenotype. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Close monitoring of hypertonic saline is essential to prevent overly rapid correction of hyponatraemia, which might result in osmotic myelinolysis. [edmcasereports.com]

No specific treatment options exist, so the goal is prevention, which is best accomplished through the slow correction of the serum sodium. [clinicaladvisor.com]

This was achieved with the use of 3% NaCl to control serum sodium levels and prevent hyponatraemia. [jnaccjournal.org]

Adequate hydration was ensured by administration of 2–3 L fluid per day for 3 days prior to nedaplatin administration to prevent nephrotoxicity. [link.springer.com]