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2.1
Retinoid
Retinoic Acids

Images

WIKIDATA, Public Domain

Presentation

If you like this presentation, please let the Tanapat Palaga know! If you want to be able to download a copy of this presentation to facilitate classroom use, please contact Eric Martz, specifying the title and author of the presentation. [umass.edu]

Abstract We present a review of recent investigations of anticancer drug bexarotene in this article. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Entire Body System

  • Dentist

    Pharmaceutical Services Branch, Guide to poisons and therapeutic goods legislation for medical practitioners and dentists, Sydney: NSW Department of Health; 2006.[page needed] ^ James M (June 1996). "Isotretinoin for severe acne". [en.wikipedia.org]

Liver, Gall & Pancreas

  • Hepatosplenomegaly

    Anorexia, skin lesions, hair loss, hepatosplenomegaly, papilloedema, bleeding, general malaise, pseudotumor cerebri, and death may also occur. [en.wikipedia.org]

Skin

  • Alopecia

    Abstract Although the mechanisms of follicular regression in androgenetic alopecia are not fully understood, retinoids may be important in changing the status of regressing follicles. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Moreover, he was conspicuous for the presence of total alopecia of the scalp and eyebrows. Histopathologically, the lesional skin showed dense follicular and perifollicular infiltrates of atypical lymphocytes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Other non-FDA approved indications that have been reported in the literature include treatment of verruca vulgaris, molluscum contagiosum, Darier disease, photoaging, pigmentary disorders, actinic keratoses and alopecia areata.[4] A study has concluded [en.wikipedia.org]

    Severely impaired liver or kidney function Chronic abnormally elevated blood lipid values Toxicity Cheilitis Alopecia Xerosis, pruritus Xerophthalmia, night blindness Dry mouth Paronychia Paresthesias Headache, pseudotumor cerebri Nausea, abdominal pain [aad.org]

    PubMed Citation (Extensive review of the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and toxicity of acitretin; vitamin A like side effects are common such as dry skin, lips, eyes and nose, skin desquamation, alopecia, fatigue and pruritus; ALT elevations occur [livertox.nih.gov]

Neurologic

  • Neglect

    Don't neglect retinoids. Retinoids minimize the appearance of wrinkles, bolster skin 's thickness and elasticity, slow the breakdown of collagen (which helps keep skin firm), and lighten brown spots caused by sun exposure. [webmd.com]

Treatment

Treatment options for acne vulgaris have expanded considerably in the past decade. The main goals of treatment continue to be reducing acne lesions while maintaining patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The Role of Topical Retinoids in Prevention and Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scarring: Understanding the Importance of Early Effective Treatment. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019 Mar 1;18(3):255-260. PubMed PMID: 30909329. Journal. [dermnetnz.org]

A year's supply of treatment with Retin-A can cost somewhere in the neighborhood of $200. [everydayhealth.com]

Uses[edit] Retinoids are used in the treatment of many diverse diseases and are effective in the treatment of a number of dermatological conditions such as inflammatory skin disorders,[citation needed] skin cancers,[citation needed] disorders of increased [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis

Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognosis of 60 patients with EC. RESULTS: RXRα was elevated in EC tissues comparing with normal esophageal tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology

Liver Neoplasms/prevention & control* Male Mice, Inbred C57BL Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/etiology Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control* RNA Interference Retinoids/pharmacology* Substances Atg16l1 protein, mouse Carrier Proteins [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sherman SI (2003) Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations for central hypothyroidism associated with bexarotene therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma 3:249–252 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 55. [link.springer.com]

Epidemiology

On the basis of epidemiologic data, an increased risk seems to exist at a daily intake of 10000-25000 IU. An average liver meal can contain 10- to 30-fold higher amounts of vitamin A than the recommended daily intake. [digibib.tu-bs.de]

Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of psoriasis. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Dec. 6, 2013. Armstrong AW, et al. [web.archive.org]

There is a wealth of epidemiological and molecular evidence suggesting that retinoids repress HIV-1 expression. [jvi.asm.org]

Recent findings in the epidemiologic evidence, classification, and subtypes of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39(2 pt 3):S34–7. ... 2. Krowchuk DP, Stancin T, Keskinen R, Walker R, Bass J, Anglin TM. [aafp.org]

Pathophysiology

Targeting all the pathophysiologic processes in acne development, Iso has been considered to be an unique drug, however it has several side effects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Louis, MO 63110, USA. 4 Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] 要約 レチノイドX受容体α(RXRA)は、さまざまな血液学的過程に関与している。 [cosmobio.co.jp]

Prevention

Summary: A prescription retinoid is very beneficial for age-prevention and can work on some types of acne but not all because every type of acne can be different. [blog.reneerouleau.com]

Retinol for acne is a great way to both minimise active breakouts and prevent future breakouts from occurring. [adorebeauty.com.au]

and confirmed that an update of measures for pregnancy prevention is needed. [ema.europa.eu]

We previously showed that expression of CYP26 in BM stromal cells maintains a retinoic acid-low (RA-low) microenvironment that prevents the differentiation of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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