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Rhinovirus


Presentation
  • METHODS: To compare the presentation and outcomes of patients with rhinovirus and EV-D68, 103 GenMark rhinovirus positive nasopharyngeal swabs from hospitalized children were retested for EV-D68.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • In one case, in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed in order to identify whether rhinoviral RNA was present in bronchial biopsy specimens.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • RESULTS: HRV was the most common CRV observed (36%, 162/444) and was present in the majority of viral co-detections (69%, 88/128), mainly in association with human enterovirus (45%). Most HRV-infected patients were younger than 2 years (57%).[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • We present multiple lines of evidence in support of this hypothesis. First, infection of HeLa cells with human rhinovirus (HRV) induced the phosphorylation of PKD.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Abstract This report presents management strategies after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for an infant with community-acquired rhinovirus bronchiolitis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Common Cold
  • Introduction Rhinovirus infections are the most frequent cause of common cold illnesses.[doi.org]
  • Rhinovirus A virus that infects the upper respiratory system and causes the common cold.[medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
  • To obtain the maximum benefit from this herb for the common cold, it should be taken raw as a food or fresh-pressed juice. Other natural herbs that have been used for common cold.[herbal-supplement-resource.com]
  • Actually Be Washing Your Hands," 1 Apr. 2018 But the rhinovirus, the most ubiquitous cause of the common cold, is the challenger every athlete here has been dreading. — David Segal, New York Times, "The Most Dreaded Opponent at the Olympics: The Common[merriam-webster.com]
  • The common cold is caused by a virus. More than 200 different viruses are known to cause the common cold . One such type of virus is the rhinovirus.[virus.emedtv.com]
Nasal Congestion
  • Garlic is an infamous antimicrobial, as is cayenne, which will also clear the sinuses, relieving nasal congestion and pain.[innvista.com]
  • Infection is characterized by dry scratchy throat, nasal congestion, malaise, and headache. Fever is minimal. Nasal discharge lasts 2 or 3 days. Children may also develop a cough. Type-specific antibodies may last for 2 to 4 years.[medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
  • Symptoms of rhinovirus infection usually develop within 12-72 hours of exposure and include sore throat, nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, hoarseness, headache, ear pressure, sneezing, and nasal irritation.[medicinenet.com]
  • Clinical signs: Coughing Fever Sore throat Nasal congestion Disease transmission: HRVs are transmitted from person to person by either direct contact, aerosols from sneezing and coughing or through objects (fomites).[pirbright.ac.uk]
Overeating
  • Weekly nasal mucus samples were analyzed for RVs, and respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations were recorded over a 90-day period during the fall seasons of 2012 or 2013.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • RESULTS: The risk allele rs6967330-A was over-represented in the wheezing group (P CONCLUSIONS: Preschool children with RV-induced wheezing were shown to have reduced CDHR3 mRNA levels, which might result in an increased permeability of the epithelial[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • FACTS: There are over 250 different kinds of cold viruses! But rhinovirus is by far the most common. (Rhino means "nose" in Greek – think rhinoceros.) With over 100 different varieties, rhinoviruses are responsible for almost 35 percent of colds.[giantmicrobes.com]
  • With over 100 different varieties, rhinoviruses are responsible for almost 35 percent of colds. Rhinovirus is particularly active during the fall and winter months. Why? Because rhinovirus loves the low humidity.[giantmicrobes.com]
Cyanosis
  • Wheezing and cyanosis were more common in RV-C-positive than RV-A-positive children (80.9% vs. 56.7%; P   0.001 for wheezing and 10.1% vs. 0%; P   0.011 for cyanosis).[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Ulcer
  • Symptoms (obstruction, discomfort, blood-tinged nasal mucus) or signs (punctate bleeding sites, erosions, superficial ulcerations) of nasal irritation occurred in 40 HuIFN-alpha 2 recipients during week 3 (P less than 0.0001 versus placebo recipients)[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Neglect
  • Abstract Rhinovirus has been neglected in the past because it was generally perceived as a respiratory virus only capable of causing mild common cold.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Discussion: Prognosis based on single time point, static mRNA expression alone neglects the importance of dynamic genome-by-environment interplay in phenotypic presentation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Workup
Kingella
  • OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the seasonal distribution of Kingella kingae osteoarticular infections is similar to that of common respiratory viruses.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment
  • Treatment of rhinovirus infections Treatment options for rhinovirus colds are unsatisfactory.[doi.org]
  • Adjusted illness rates (illnesses per sample) by treatment arm were calculated using Poisson regression.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Despite significant efforts, no anti-viral agent is approved for the prevention or treatment of HRV-infection.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Log reduction in rhinovirus titer compared to control in vitro at different time points after treatment with various organic acids a Material tested Virus titer reduction at time point after treatment b : 15 min 1 h 3 h 2% iodine 3.0 1.8 1.6 Salicylic[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • The efficacy of organic acid hand treatment appears to correlate with the amount of acid applied to the hands.[doi.org]

Prognosis
  • Abstract Objective: To introduce a disease prognosis framework enabled by a robust classification scheme derived from patient-specific transcriptomic response to stimulation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • […] receptor on the cell surface RNA is translated into a large polypeptide that is cleaved by viral proteins acid-labile and thus is not an enterovirus vasodilation and increased vascular permeability causes rhinorrhea replicates in nasopharynx epithelium Prognosis[medbullets.com]
  • Whether the poor prognosis is due to HRV or the copathogen is not clear.[academic.oup.com]

Etiology
  • The respiratory virus etiology was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. RV-positive samples were sequenced.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • . , Worland, S.T. (1999) Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 96 : 11000-11007 PubMed : 10500114 Search on PubMed Search on PubMed Central PubMed Abstract: Human rhinoviruses, the most important etiologic agents of the common cold, are messenger-active single-stranded[rcsb.org]
  • The etiologic agents most often associated with this disease are the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza, influenza and adenovirus.[scielo.br]
  • RHINOVIRUSES have been associated with 10 to 30 per cent of acute upper respiratory illnesses in several groups of adults. 1 2 3 4 5 6 In March, 1963, a study was undertaken to define the etiology and epidemiology of acute respiratory disease in a population[nejm.org]
  • […] picornavirus causes the “common cold” does not cause viral meningitis or gastroenteritis transmission via direct contact Epidemiology incidence very common demographics all ages risk factors immunosuppression sick contacts smoking recent travel on an airplane Etiology[medbullets.com]

Epidemiology
  • KEYWORDS: Epidemiology; Genotype; Respiratory tract infection; Rhinovirus; Seasonality [Indexed for MEDLINE] Free full text[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory data of patients hospitalized with acute respiratory syndrome in a tertiary care hospital from 2012 to 2013 were reviewed.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • McNEIL , Important roles of public playgrounds in the transmission of hand, foot, and mouth disease , Epidemiology and Infection , 143 , 07 , (1432) , (2015) .[doi.org]
  • The data density from complete sequences of the reference HRVs provided high resolution for this degree of modeling and serves as a platform for full genome-based epidemiologic studies and antiviral or vaccine development.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Human rhinovirus C is a common viral respiratory illness that causes significant complications in children Copyright 2015 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Sex distribution
Age distribution

Pathophysiology
  • Author information 1 Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: nataliyaapetrova89@gmail.com. 2 Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • CONCLUSION: A significant temporal association was observed between HRV circulation and K kingae osteoarticular infection, strengthening the hypothesis of a role of viral infections in the pathophysiology of K kingae invasive infection.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • A model to investigate the pathophysiology of HRV infection and to test compounds that could treat or protect one from infection or developing symptoms would therefore be very valuable.[clinicaltrials.gov]
  • Further research should address the relative contribution of viral and host factors and allow a better understanding of the pathophysiological role of rhinovirus infections in infancy.[erj.ersjournals.com]
  • Authors’ Affiliations (1) Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (2) Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F.[molcellped.springeropen.com]

Prevention
  • Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Institute for Immunization and Prevention, Beijing CDC, Beijing 100013, China. 5 National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • Despite significant efforts, no anti-viral agent is approved for the prevention or treatment of HRV-infection.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
  • They prevent the pH-mediated uncoating of the viral RNA.[doi.org]

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