Case presentation A 24 year-old man, originally from Pakistan and studying in the UK, presented with a history of left foot discomfort over the preceding 2 months. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other clinical presentations such as the cutane- 2. [zdoc.site]

• Splenomegaly

  Ultrasonography of abdomen showed borderline splenomegaly. [clinmedjournals.org]

  […] syphilitic) A52.79 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code A52.79 Other symptomatic late syphilis 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code Applicable To Late syphilitic leukoderma Syphilis of adrenal gland Syphilis of pituitary gland Syphilis of thyroid gland Syphilitic splenomegaly [icd10data.com]

  […] tuberculosis. [1] In one study, bone marrow granulomas were found in 50-100% of the patients with disseminated tuberculosis. [3] Some of the other mechanisms implicated in the causation of hematological abnormalities in disseminated tuberculosis include splenomegaly [lungindia.com]

• Axillary Lymphadenopathy

  […] region and right axillary region. [clinmedjournals.org]

  He was afebrile, and there was no cubital or axillary lymphadenopathy. A Mantoux test was negative and a chest X-ray showed no evidence of active pulmonary disease. Sputum, stool and urine cultures were nega- tive. [documentslide.com]

• Fever

  Despite an initial response to antimycobacterial therapy, the fever relapsed. After several months, biopsy of a single cervical lymph node showed a T cell-rich B cell lymphoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] optic nerve glioma • B/L proptosis, fever and toxemia – cavernous sinus thrombosis • Pale child, bleeding from gums, U/L or B/L proptosis – leukemia • U/L proptosis ,pain ,fever,hazy cornea and loss of vision - panophthalmitis [slideshare.net]

  It could affect the lungs leading to pulmonary TB with symptoms like chills, fever, sweating in the night, weight loss, tissue loss, incessant coughing and coughing up blood. [curejoy.com]

• Swelling

  The swellings were associated with pain. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple swellings distributed over dorsum of left hand and middle phalanx of left index finger and base of left little finger. [ijdvl.com]

  He also complained of swelling in the right axillary region since 1 week. There was no history of any respiratory, urinary or gastro-intestinal symptoms. General examination revealed mild pallor. [clinmedjournals.org]

  The patient had remarkable improvement with rapid regression of the swelling without fistulization. [ijmyco.org]

  He reported that the swellings had first appeared one month earlier. He reported no fever or respiratory complaints. No lymph nodes were detected. [scielo.br]

• Lymphadenopathy

  Here we present a case of a patient with left cervical ulcerated lymphadenopathy associated with a violaceous plaque in the area of the manubrium of sternum. [pagepress.org]

  Keywords Scrofuloderma, Tuberculosis, Lymphadenopathy Introduction Cutaneous tuberculosis or Scrofuloderma is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis and rarely Calmette-Guerin bacillus. [clinmedjournals.org]

  A resurgence of cases of M tuberculosis infection and extrapulmonary involvement has occurred in parallel with the HIV epidemic.1 Lymphadenopathy is the most frequent extrapulmonary manifestation and pleural tuberculosis occurs in 5% of tuberculosis. [priory.com]

  Recent statistics for NTM indicate an increase in prevalence and isolation of cervical lymphadenopathy caused by NTM. Because NTM is not generally reportable, the true incidence is difficult to determine. [emedicine.medscape.com]

   Accidental exogenous innoculation  Physicians, pathologists and post-mortem attendants  Autoinoculation with sputum  Lower limbs most common site for warty TB in children  Lymphadenopathy not seen in contrast to Scrofuloderma and Lupus vulgaris [slideshare.net]

• Sepsis

  Article Article Id: WHEBN0025481649 Reproduction Date: Title: Tuberculous gumma Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia Language: English Subject: List of cutaneous conditions, Cutaneous actinomycosis, Tuberculosis cutis orificialis, Group JK corynebacterium sepsis [schoollibrary.org]

  […] shock hear unable to pump forward distributive shock el volume no esta distribuido igual (son la division del distributive )anaphylactic allergia (son la division del distributive )neurogenic sypathethic tone loss (son la division del distributive )sepsis [memorize.com]

  Normark Expression of and cytokine activation by Escherichia coli curli fibers in human sepsis [30] L. Eckmann, M.F. Kagnoff, J. [bjid.org.br]

  […] chelonae M. abscessus Nocardiaceae Nocardia asteroides / Nocardia brasiliensis Nocardiosis Rhodococcus equi Corynebacteriaceae Corynebacterium diphtheriae Diphtheria Corynebacterium minutissimum Erythrasma Corynebacterium jeikeium Group JK corynebacterium sepsis [maria-online.com]

• Surgical Procedure

  These infections occur due to tattoos or surgical procedures. The lesions are firm, painless, slowgrowing nodules or papules. Ulcers may develop. These lesions may resemble those of lupus vulgaris or scrofuloderma. [medindia.net]

  Tuberculosis Chancre The direct inoculations of Mtb in the skin from the traumatic injuries or surgical procedures performed with unsterilized materials and even after tattoos or body piercing lead to acquired tuberculosis chancre. [hindawi.com]

• Sputum

  Further investigation yielded positive sputum cultures confirming pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) too. The patient was started on standard quadruple therapy for disseminated haematogenous TB in the form of tuberculous gumma and pulmonary TB. [wwww.unboundmedicine.com]

• Loss of Appetite

  The body will go weak, you could experience a loss of appetite and severe weight loss. Weight Loss TB patients suffer from severe weight loss and loss of fat. [curejoy.com]

  Symptoms of TB in the lungs may include A bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer Weight loss Loss of appetite Coughing up blood or mucus Weakness or fatigue Fever Night sweats Skin tests, blood tests, x-rays, and other tests can tell if you have TB. [icdlist.com]

  There was no history of cough with expectoration, loss of appetite, or weight-loss. The patient was a known case of diabetes mellitus on insulin. [lungindia.com]

  The minor problems are nausea, loss of appetite, and red urine. The major problems are hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy, and ocular problems, especially with ethambutol. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

• Ulcer

  Two painless ulcers were also present on dorsum of right foot (Fig. 1). Initially the lesions were firm, erythematous, non-tender nodules which softened to become abscess and broke down to form ulcers over two months. [indianpediatrics.net]

  Skin biopsy of the ulcer showed granulomas, Ziehl-Neelsen stain was negative, and cultures grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  World Heritage Encyclopedia Publication Date: Tuberculous gumma Tuberculous gumma Classification and external resources ICD - 10 A18.4 ( ILDS A18.486) Tuberculous gumma (also known as a " Metastatic tuberculous abscess," and "Metastatic tuberculous ulcer [schoollibrary.org]

• Subcutaneous Nodule

  […] tuberculous gumma a variant of scrofuloderma consisting of a subcutaneous nodule that becomes fluctuant and drains, with undermined ulceration and sinus formation; it is caused by hematogenous spread of tubercle bacilli from a primary focus of infection [medicine.academic.ru]

  calledtuberculous gumma or metastatic tuberculous abscess.They present as non-tender subcutaneous nodules,which slowly soften, or cold abscesses with fluctuantswelling. [docslide.com.br]

  They present as non-tender subcutaneous nodules, which slowly soften, or cold abscesses with fluctuant swelling. [documentslide.com]

  This skin lesion occurs by direct extension into the skin from an underlying tuberculous focus, which was the axillae in our case.2 The initial lesion is a firm subcutaneous nodule that suppurates into an ulcer, fistula, sinus or abscess.2 Ulcers tend [priory.com]

  DISCUSSIONy Lesions present as firm, pain or painless, subcutaneous nodules that gradually enlarge and suppurate and then form ulcers and sinus tracts in overlying skin. Typical ulcers have undermined edges and a floor of granulation tissue. [dokumen.tips]

• Skin Disease

  [Skin and sexually transmitted diseases. Doctors' guidelines]. Moscow, Meditsina Publ., 1999, vol. 1, pp. 162-163. 8. Studnitsina А.А. Differentsialnaya diagnostika kozhnykh bolezney. Rukovodstvo dlya vrachey. [tibl-journal.com]

  The so-called atypical Mycobacteria ( Mycobacteria other than Mycobacteria tuberculosis, or MOTT) cause skin disease more frequently than does M. tuberculosis. They exist in various reservoirs in the environment. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  Related Treatment of Skin Disease Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies 4e [clinicalgate.com]

  Nontuberculous mycobacteria are all the other mycobacteria which can cause pulmonary disease resembling tuberculosis, skin disease, in 1959, botanist Ernest Runyon put these human disease-associated bacteria into four groups, which develop pigments in [wikivisually.com]

• Dermatitis

  He has been carrying out in-depth studies in the areas of contact dermatitis, both occupational and non, occupational dermatoses, aquatic dermatitis (prevalently of marine origin), dermatitis in sports environment, inherited bullous epidermolysis and [books.google.com]

  Menu Close Presented by Cutis Past Issues Career For Authors Register or Login Full Menu Full Menu CME Diseases & Conditions Acne Actinic Keratosis Aesthetic Dermatology Atopic Dermatitis Autoimmune Diseases Contact Dermatitis Hair & Nails Melanoma Nonmelanoma [mdedge.com]

  Date Added: 2018-01-09: Erythema Induratum (67 %) ( Bazin Disease, Nodular Vasculitis,) North American Blastomycosis (52 %) ( Blastomycetic Dermatitis, Blastomycosis, Gilchrists Disease,) Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis (52 %) ( Sweets Syndrome, [gulfdoctor.net]

  […] diseases do not raise mucb interest in majority of dermatologic meetings, possibly due to the fact that all the recent advances of sophisticated tecbnology are used for cosmopolitan disorders of tbe skin such as acne vulgaris, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis [semanticscholar.org]

• Skin Ulcer

  Ram R, Uppin S, Swarnalatha G, Desai M, Harke M, Prasad N, Dakshinamurty KV: Isolated skin ulcers due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a renal allograft recipient. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 2007;3:688-693. [karger.com]

• Suggestibility

  Tissue biopsy histopathology was suggestive of tuberculoid granuloma. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated in tissue biopsy culture. He also had underlying dissemination with meningeal involvement. [content.iospress.com]

  Case reports suggest that the aetiology of such spread is usually secondary to needle stick injuries, BCG vaccine and therapeutic injections. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Meningism

  He also had underlying dissemination with meningeal involvement. The unusual presentation and the importance of screening for underlying dissemination in children diagnosed to have cutaneous tuberculosis will be discussed. [content.iospress.com]

  Meningitis Without treatment, tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is uniformly a fatal disease, and, at times, it leads to a neurological deficit. [jacpjournal.org]

  Arcanobacterium haemolyticum Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection Actinomyces gerencseriae Propionibacteriaceae Propionibacterium acnes Corynebacterineae Mycobacteriaceae M. tuberculosis / M. bovis Tuberculosis : Ghon focus / Ghon's complex Pott disease brain Meningitis [schoollibrary.org]

  NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Acid-fast stain (Medical Encyclopedia) Coughing up blood (Medical Encyclopedia) Disseminated tuberculosis (Medical Encyclopedia) Meningitis - tuberculous (Medical Encyclopedia) Multidrug-Resistant [icdlist.com]

• Asthenia

  The characteristic symptoms are asthenia, fever, weight loss, and anorexia. White to purple plaques form in the lesions. When the plaques break down, crusts form, and eventually dry out to form scars. [medindia.net]

  She also referred asthenia, nausea, anorexia and a weight loss of about 4 kg during the last two months. She had been medicated with amoxicillin/clavulanate for an acute tracheobronchitis 20 days before the actual disease. [file.scirp.org]

  A 68-year-old male presented with a six-month history of weight loss and asthenia. [scielo.br]

A thorough evaluation was done for immune-deficiency workup but was all negative. [casereports.bmj.com]

Evaluation Evaluation of suspected cutaneous tuberculosis requires history and examination along with a full workup. [statpearls.com]

PPD should be the first line of investigation in the workup of a patient with a neck mass. Usefulness is diminished in individuals who have immunosuppression secondary to anergy. For nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), response is variable. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Abdominal and pelvic CT for metastatic workup demonstrated multiple enlarged retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph nodes. [priory.com]

References Laboratory Studies Workup for cutaneous TB forms is directed against the underlying systemic disease. [misc.medscape.com]

• Skin Test Positive

  test: Positive (+) : strong -> causes by M.tuberculosis weak -> causes by atypical microbacteria SUPPORTING EXAMINATIONSy Imaging Studies: Obtain a posteroanterior chest radiograph.y Bacteriologic examination:3 sputum specimens on each of 3 consecutive [dokumen.tips]

  Approximately 20% of people in household contact develop infection (tuberculin skin test positive). Microepidemics have occurred in closed environments such as transcontinental flights and submarines. [misc.medscape.com]

Comparative evaluation of molecular tests vis-à-vis culture and treatment response in the diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis. Skinmed., 2018, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 301-303. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_65_18. 16. Michael K. Hill, Charles V. [tibl-journal.com]

He was prescribed rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide and completed a six-month treatment period. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] usually in the lungs) to other organs and tissues via the bloodstream •Skin lesions are small (millet-sized) red spots that develop into ulcers and abscesses •More likely in immunocompromised patients, eg HIV, AIDS, cancer •The patient is generally sick •Prognosis [pdfcoffee.com]

Prognosis Prognosis of cutaneous tuberculosis is good in patients who are not immunocompromised. However, even aggressive treatment may not be effective in patients who are immunocompromised and where the organisms are multidrug resistant. [statpearls.com]

A cerebellar neoplasm of adults with favorable prognosis. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 20: 656-64. [neurotree.org]

The cutaneous variants of tuberculosis have a variable clinical appearance, significance and prognosis. Here, we describe the case of a 9-year-old boy presenting with multiple abscesses and discharging sinuses over neck since 1 year. [clinmedjournals.org]

[…] granular base May heal even without treatment but this takes years and leaves unsightly scars Miliary tuberculosis Skin lesions are small (millet-sized) red spots that become necrotic, developing into ulcers and abscesses The patient is generally sick Prognosis [dermnetnz.org]

There are, unquestionably, certain dermatologic conditions which have a tuberculous etiology, yet there are many others grouped under the heading of tuberculids as to the proper classification of which there may be reasonable doubt. [jamanetwork.com]

Etiological Agent The main etiological agent of the Cutaneous tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis—occasionally M. bovis or BCG vaccine (an attenuated strain of M. bovis) [12, 13]. [hindawi.com]

[…] vulgaris); hematogenic dissemination (lupus vulgaris, tuberculous gumma, and acute miliary tuberculosis) Tuberculids: Papulonecrotic tuberculid; Lichen scrofulosorum Cutaneous tuberculosis: Secondary to Bacillus Calmette–Guerin vaccine (BCG) vaccination Etiology [statpearls.com]

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the main etiological agent and, rarely, by Mycobacterium bovis. The cutaneous variants of tuberculosis have a variable clinical appearance, significance and prognosis. [clinmedjournals.org]

Aspiration of the abscess or bone biopsy confirms the tuberculous etiology, as histologic findings are highly typical and cultures are usually positive; however skeletal and skin tuberculoses are paucibacillary lesions and it is difficult to demonstrate [e-ijd.org]

Cutaneous tuberculosis: epidemiologic, etiopathogenic and clinical aspects - part I. An Bras Dermatol. 2014;89:219-28. [scielo.br]

The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of the disease in Niger. [odermatol.com]

We describe the epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological, immunological, and therapeutic features of these cases. [ijmyco.org]

According to an epidemiological study―Umapathy et al.―in two major teaching Hospitals in India (Chennai), extremities were the predominant location affected [6]. [file.scirp.org]

Springer Science & Business Media, ٠٦‏/١٢‏/٢٠١٢ - 246 من الصفحات Because of the topographic and pathophysiologic information obtained with contemporary neuroimaging techniques, CT and MR scanning now constitute the most important investigation in clinical [books.google.com]

Sarkar, “Pathophysiology of tuberculosis: an update review,” PharmaTutor, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 15-21, 2018. Google Scholar J. B. Santos, M. H. Oliveira, A. R. [ejmed.org]

Pathophysiology Cutaneous invasion of M. tuberculosis causes the disease. This invasion can be exogenous or endogenous. Endogenous invasion is usually due to spread of pulmonary tuberculosis by hematogenous or lymphatic dissemination. [statpearls.com]

Pathophysiology of Scrofula Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an obligate aerobe, non–spore-forming, slender rod. Humans are its only reservoir. Transmission is from person to person via respiratory route by inhalation of small aerosols. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Pathophysiology The clinical manifestations of cutaneous tuberculosis primarily depend on the mode of infection, previous sensitization, and the immune status of the host. The mode of infection may be exogenous, autoinoculation, or endogenous. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Can Be Treated (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Tuberculosis Facts - Testing for TB (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Tuberculosis Facts - You Can Prevent TB (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Tuberculosis: General Information [icdlist.com]

The information presented here is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Read disclaimer. [gulfdoctor.net]

Early diagnosis is essential, to prevent further spread of disease. [clinicalgate.com]

"Drug-resistant tuberculosis: etiology, management and prevention". Seminars in Respiratory Infections. 9 (2): 104–12. PMID 7973169. ^ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (March 2006). [en.wikipedia.org]