‘And since there is a wide variety of anemone hosts, and 28 species of fish, I am convinced these views present two ends of a spectrum, and a combination is probably true for many.'” [asknature.org]

This reference guide will be the must-have of any internist or medical professional, as it takes a vast quantity of data across a sweeping grid of disorders, diseases, and presentations, and boils them down to individual parts, facilely indexed, and located [books.google.com]

[…] exposure to extreme denaturing conditions, suggesting that it does not contain specific nematocyte inhibitors or excitatory substances that are masked chemically; its inert nature probably results from a lack of those stimulatory compounds that are present [rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org]

Divers will encounter them peering from a crevice or hole and, as they present a safe haven, morays will not flee, but defend their own, very aggressively. Their bite is exceptionally painful and wounds take long to heal. [ronjenjehrvatska.com]

At the present time sight recognition is not believed to be a factor in recognizing the host anemone. Longevity False clown anemonefish live 6-10 years in the wild and as long as 12 years in a protected environment. [aquariumofpacific.org]

• Pain

  Therapik is an easy to carry effective way of dealing with painful and itchy stings from sea creatures. Never leave home without it! [therapik.wordpress.com]

  Soaking the affected area in a warm water bath (105-110° F) has been shown to be effective for pain relief, as have NSAID analgesics. For severe pain, opioids are preferred. Painful muscle spasms may be treated with benzodiazepines. [msdmanuals.com]

  Severe pain after sting. Itching on the affected area which soon spreads to whole body. Local swelling If the symptoms are severe they may develop as: Breathlessness Pain in chest Severe weakness Severe pain in muscles. [tandurust.com]

  Take the prescribed analgesic to lessen the pain and inflammation. Avoid covering the wound to let it heal and allow the remaining embedded spines to surface. Get a tetanus vaccination if it is not up to date. [basicfirstaid.ca]

  Abstract A 27-year-old man suffering from severe swelling and pain in his right arm was referred to our hospital. He showed signs of acute renal failure (ARF) with severe dermatitis of his right arm. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Severe Pain

  Severe pain after sting. Itching on the affected area which soon spreads to whole body. Local swelling If the symptoms are severe they may develop as: Breathlessness Pain in chest Severe weakness Severe pain in muscles. [tandurust.com]

  Abstract A 27-year-old man suffering from severe swelling and pain in his right arm was referred to our hospital. He showed signs of acute renal failure (ARF) with severe dermatitis of his right arm. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Ten to 15 minutes after contact, he developed a vesicular eruption and severe pain in the back and arms. When he arrived at a local hospital approximately 30 minutes after the sting, he was alert and oriented and his vital signs were normal. [annals.org]

  pain Itchiness Swelling of the affected areas Severe runny nose Muscle aches Lastly, headache and fever If there is difficulty breathing, severe chest pain, fast heartbeat and sweating, it needs to be treated immediately. [basicfirstaid.ca]

  Severe pain and rapid development of wheals, blisters and reddish-purple tentacle markings are likely. [alertdiver.com]

• Weakness

  After discharge, he became progressively weak and lethargic and was rehospitalized 24 hours later with jaundice and elevated liver... FULL TEXT [annals.org]

  Local swelling If the symptoms are severe they may develop as: Breathlessness Pain in chest Severe weakness Severe pain in muscles. Sweating and watery discharge from nose. Spasm of paralysis of respiratory muscles. [tandurust.com]

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

• Fever

  If the area appears infected or the victim develops a fever, discontinue the use of any steroid and seek medical care. [alertdiver.com]

  You have a fever. You have a skin rash, itching, or swelling after taking your medicine. You have tingling in the area of the bite or sting. You have pain or problems moving the injured area or get tender lumps in your groin or armpits. [drugs.com]

  […] anemone sting At first, cuts and wounds on the areas usually in the legs and arms Rashes and hives that eventually becomes a blister and then drains Severe pain Itchiness Swelling of the affected areas Severe runny nose Muscle aches Lastly, headache and fever [basicfirstaid.ca]

  A fever. Symptoms of difficulty breathing can range from mild to severe. [healthlinkbc.ca]

• Rigor

  Using stinging cells is “very clever and innovative”, he says, but he points out that pharmaceutical applications have more rigorous requirements than cosmetic ones. “There is a lot to learn before we can know its utility for drug delivery.” [newscientist.com]

• Nasal Discharge

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

• Nausea

  Somnolence, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, and lid edema were reported in some cases. The treatment of these injuries in the northern Adriatic Sea and elsewhere is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Complex or significant envenomations (any producing systemic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath or confusion) require immediate evaluation by a physician. [alertdiver.com]

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

  Other symptoms include: Paraesthesia (tingling and prickling) and itching Red bumps and patches, often in a ladder-like pattern Swelling Sweating in affected area (irukandji) Nausea and vomiting Muscle pain and cramps. [dermnetnz.org]

  Medicines to treat a marine animal bite or sting may cause nausea, vomiting, or stomach ulcers. You may develop soreness, redness, or swelling where tetanus shots were given. [drugs.com]

• Vomiting

  Somnolence, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, and lid edema were reported in some cases. The treatment of these injuries in the northern Adriatic Sea and elsewhere is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Complex or significant envenomations (any producing systemic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath or confusion) require immediate evaluation by a physician. [alertdiver.com]

  Other symptoms include: Paraesthesia (tingling and prickling) and itching Red bumps and patches, often in a ladder-like pattern Swelling Sweating in affected area (irukandji) Nausea and vomiting Muscle pain and cramps. [dermnetnz.org]

  […] a cold pack do not touch any spines with your bare hands do not cover or close the wound Go to A&E or call 999 if you have been stung and have: difficulty breathing chest pain fits or seizures severe swelling around the affected area severe bleeding vomiting [nhs.uk]

  Medicines to treat a marine animal bite or sting may cause nausea, vomiting, or stomach ulcers. You may develop soreness, redness, or swelling where tetanus shots were given. [drugs.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Seek medical attention if the person develops further symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, or if there is continuing pain, itchiness or blistering at the site. [healthdirect.gov.au]

  Systemic reactions – although rare – include nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, excessive sweating, muscular weakness, seizures and even coma. The wounds, notoriously slow in healing, often become infected. [health24.com]

• Diarrhea

  […] shortness of breath, chest pain or tightness, throat tightness, hoarse voice, nasal congestion or hay fever-like symptoms (runny, itchy nose and watery eyes, sneezing), trouble swallowing Gastrointestinal (stomach) : nausea, pain or cramps, vomiting, diarrhea [healthlinkbc.ca]

• Chest Pain

  If you have symptoms like difficulty breathing or swallowing, chest pain, or paralysis, seek emergency medical care right away. [healthline.com]

  Itchiness Swelling of the affected areas Severe runny nose Muscle aches Lastly, headache and fever If there is difficulty breathing, severe chest pain, fast heartbeat and sweating, it needs to be treated immediately. [basicfirstaid.ca]

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

  However, if you have difficulty breathing, nausea, chest pain, or signs of infection like redness and pus you should seek care immediately. [3] You should also seek medical care if you were stung around a joint, as the spines may require surgical removal [wikihow.com]

• Hypotension

  Antivenom is indicated in the following situations: cardiopulmonary arrest, hypotension, dysrhythmia, coma, or difficulty with breathing, swallowing, or speaking. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Severe envenomations can be accompanied by systemic symptoms like vomiting, paralysis, seizures, respiratory distress and hypotension, but this review is limited to the more common local injuries. [ncemi.org]

• Lacrimation

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

• Muscle Spasm

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

  Seek medical attention when you begin to develop persistent muscle spasms, have difficulty breathing or develop a secondary bacterial infection. [health24.com]

  These could include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, body aches, or muscle spasms. [uofmhealth.org]

• Muscle Cramp

  You have double vision, slurred speech, drooling, muscle cramps or convulsions. You have swelling, numbness, or cannot move the arm or leg below the injury. [drugs.com]

• Blister

  Like its European cousin, it can also blister skin. So, too, can sea anemones. They are close relatives of jellyfish and corals and bear similar stinging tentacles. [susanscott.net]

  Rashes and hives that eventually becomes a blister and then drains. [basicfirstaid.ca]

  Blistering and scarring of the area may occur after resolution. How To Treat Sea Anemone Sting? The treatment after sea anemone sting is as follows; Removing stings and spine. [tandurust.com]

  Severe pain and rapid development of wheals, blisters and reddish-purple tentacle markings are likely. [alertdiver.com]

  The symptoms may be mild or severe and could include: Mild cases: Local cuts and wounds (often on the legs or arms) Hives, rashes on the skin, which turn into blisters and then begin to ooze Severe pain Itching Swelling of the area Severe symptoms may [dovemed.com]

• Eruptions

  Seabather’s eruption This stinging, pruritic, maculopapular rash affects swimmers in some Atlantic locales (eg, Florida, Caribbean, Long Island). [msdmanuals.com]

  Ten to 15 minutes after contact, he developed a vesicular eruption and severe pain in the back and arms. When he arrived at a local hospital approximately 30 minutes after the sting, he was alert and oriented and his vital signs were normal. [annals.org]

  Seabather’s Eruption Seabather's eruption is a skin irritation, mostly of covered areas of the body, caused by larval forms of certain sea anemones. Skin manifestations of seabather's eruption may occur minutes to hours after swimming. [alertdiver.com]

  This topic will help you determine the next steps to take if you have a jellyfish or Portuguese man-of-war sting, seabather's eruption, or a coral scrape. [uofmhealth.org]

• Sweating

  Sweating and watery discharge from nose. Spasm of paralysis of respiratory muscles. In some patients the reaction of sting can be very serious. It may cause anaphylaxis reaction which can be life threatening. [tandurust.com]

  Rashes and hives that eventually becomes a blister and then drains Severe pain Itchiness Swelling of the affected areas Severe runny nose Muscle aches Lastly, headache and fever If there is difficulty breathing, severe chest pain, fast heartbeat and sweating [basicfirstaid.ca]

  Local cuts and wounds (often on the legs or arms) Hives, rashes on the skin, which turn into blisters and then begin to ooze Severe pain Itching Swelling of the area Severe symptoms may include: Breathing difficulties Chest pain Muscle aches Runny nose Sweating [dovemed.com]

  Other symptoms include: Paraesthesia (tingling and prickling) and itching Red bumps and patches, often in a ladder-like pattern Swelling Sweating in affected area (irukandji) Nausea and vomiting Muscle pain and cramps. [dermnetnz.org]

• Skin Rash

  الصفحة 36 - For persistent itching or skin rash, try 1% hydrocortisone ointment tour times a day, and one or two 25-milligram diphenhydramine (Benadryl) tablets every six hours. These drugs are sold without prescription. [books.google.com]

  You have a skin rash, itching, or swelling after taking your medicine. You have tingling in the area of the bite or sting. You have pain or problems moving the injured area or get tender lumps in your groin or armpits. [drugs.com]

  Sometimes you can get an itchy skin rash that can last for a long time, Sea urchin spines are dangerous and painful to humans not so much because they contain potent toxins but rather because they break off inside the body and become infected. [factsanddetails.com]

  Symptoms of a skin infection develop. A rash develops. Symptoms become more severe or frequent. Prevention You can limit your risk of being injured by jellyfish, a Portuguese man-of-war, or coral. [uofmhealth.org]

• Papule

  Pain and the appearance of small blanched papules surrounded by slightly reddened and edematous bases were the usually initiating manifestations. Linear lesions were sometimes seen. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The papules may vesiculate and proceed to pustulation, hemorrhage, and desquamation. [msdmanuals.com]

  The reaction may be delayed and can include the appearance of papules, hemorrhagic vesicles or zoster-like reactions 4 to 12 hours after contact. [ncemi.org]

• Headache

  Symptoms of sea anemone sting At first, cuts and wounds on the areas usually in the legs and arms Rashes and hives that eventually becomes a blister and then drains Severe pain Itchiness Swelling of the affected areas Severe runny nose Muscle aches Lastly, headache [basicfirstaid.ca]

  Systemic manifestations include weakness, nausea, headache, muscle pain and spasms, lacrimation and nasal discharge, increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate, and pleuritic chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

  […] following: Pain that burns, pricks, or stings where you were stung Itching, tingling, or numbness where you were stung Redness, rash, blisters, or other skin changes where you were stung Bleeding and swelling where you were stung Nausea and vomiting Headache [drugs.com]

  You may also experience: headaches chest pain muscle pain sweating runny nose Stings from the Australian box jellyfish and the Portuguese man-of-war, found in most warm seas, can be fatal. [healthline.com]

  Symptoms may include widespread itching, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, irregular heart rate, muscle spasms and joint pain. Treatment: Rinse the affected area with copious amounts of sea water. [health24.com]

• Dizziness

  Somnolence, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, and lid edema were reported in some cases. The treatment of these injuries in the northern Adriatic Sea and elsewhere is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  If you experience shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, muscle soreness or any other such symptoms, seek medical attention! This basic treatment and advice is no substitute for professional medical care. [blogs.thatpetplace.com]

  These could include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, body aches, or muscle spasms. [healthlinkbc.ca]

  Symptoms of anaphylactic shock may include: difficult or noisy breathing difficulty talking and/or hoarse voice a swollen tongue persistent dizziness or collapse swelling or tightness in the throat pale and floppy (young children) wheeze or persistent [healthdirect.gov.au]

  Symptoms may include widespread itching, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, irregular heart rate, muscle spasms and joint pain. Treatment: Rinse the affected area with copious amounts of sea water. [health24.com]

• Somnolence

  Somnolence, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, and lid edema were reported in some cases. The treatment of these injuries in the northern Adriatic Sea and elsewhere is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Warwick-Evan LA, Masters IJ, Redstone SB (1991) A double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of acupressure in the treatment of motion sickness. ‏ [books.google.com]

Usually treatment involves removing stings and application of topical antibiotics and use of oral painkillers. Prognosis is normally favorable with this treatment. [tandurust.com]

Treatment of Irukandji syndrome Evidence as to the best management of Irukandji syndrome remains predominantly anecdotal. Supportive care, with an emphasis on airway, breathing, and circulation, is the mainstay of treatment. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Treatment Removal of tentacles Symptomatic treatment Various rinses to treat pain and deactivate nematocysts, depending on the specific animal Cnidaria sting treatment includes removal of adherent tentacles with a forceps (preferably) or fingers (double-gloved [msdmanuals.com]

Prognosis is normally favorable with this treatment. Signs And Symptoms Of Sea Anemone Sting The symptoms of sea anemone sting develop when it injects poisonous chemical through the spine of its tentacles into human beings. [tandurust.com]

(Etiology) Sea Anemone Stings release a poisonous chemical into the human skin through their spine, which can affect the human body Depending on the amount of poison injected, the severity of the signs and symptoms is dictated Not all sea anemones have [dovemed.com]

Clownfish produce mucous on their bodies that prevent the anemones from stinging them. Because most fish can't get near anemones without being stung and eaten, the clownfish is protected from predators. [aboutfishonline.com]

How to prevent stings: Check where the nearest doctor or hospital is before you and your family spend the day at the sea. Always be an alert swimmer and watch out for possible dangers. [health24.com]

Chironex antivenom cross-reacts with Chiropsalmus species venom to prevent neurotoxic and myotoxic effects. However, it has not prevented cardiovascular effects in vivo. [emedicine.medscape.com]