This case report was presented before at AOPMC 2016, Manila. It has not been published yet. To cite this abstract in AMA style: D. Desai, S. Desai. Rare presentation of acute secondary parkinsonism in the post partum period. [abstract]. [mdsabstracts.org]

The cause underlying this clinical presentation was identified as the chronic pressure brought forward by the cavernous hemangioma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

ICD Code ICD Description Total National Projected Hospitalizations - Annualized (Present on Admission - All) Total Medicare Hospitalizations - Oct 2015 to Sep 2018 (Present on Admission - All) Total National Projected Hospitalizations - Annualized (Present [dexur.com]

Results: Not applicable Conclusions: We present an interesting case of large anterior cranial fossa meningioma with mass effect on the caudate presenting with secondary parkinsonism. [n.neurology.org]

• Weakness

  The patient returned, complaining of generalized weakness. The ED workup this time, comprising laboratory testing and computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, was negative. She was given a diagnosis of “cisplatin neurotoxicity.” [mdedge.com]

  Common symptoms include: Decrease in facial expressions Difficulty starting and controlling movement Loss or weakness of movement (paralysis) Soft voice Stiffness of the trunk, arms, or legs Tremor Confusion and memory loss may be likely in secondary [salud.wikiplus.org]

  History of episodes of inability to talk, weakness of the body These features usually suggest underlying cause for secondary parkinsonism such as stroke. They may give a history of strokes and transient ischemic attacks. [medicaljoyworks.com]

• Pain

  Joint pain Patients with PD can develop joint pain due to muscle rigidity. Joint pain Patients with PD can develop joint pain due to muscle rigidity. Postural deformities As the disease progresses patients develop postural deformities. [medicaljoyworks.com]

  A pre-parkinsonian state is recognized with insomnia, increase in violent dreams, talking, yelling in sleep. [1] [2] Olfactory dysfunction, Oral pain, akathisia, genital pain [2] These are pre-parkinsonism features and thought to be due to neuronal loss [explainmedicine.com]

  Her primary complaints in the ED were “throbbing” in the thighs bilaterally and leg pain. The woman’s postop course had otherwise been uncomplicated. [mdedge.com]

The ED workup this time, comprising laboratory testing and computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, was negative. She was given a diagnosis of “cisplatin neurotoxicity.” No treatment was provided. [mdedge.com]

Incorrect diagnoses of depression or catatonia delayed treatment or aggravated the problem. Acute treatment included amantadine, levodopa/carbidopa with or without selegiline, diphenhydramine, or benztropine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and our treatment options are expanding at a rapid pace. [books.google.de]

There are no specific treatments for DLB. Treatment focuses on symptoms. Drug-induced Parkinsonism This is the most common form of what is known as secondary parkinsonism. [parkinson.org]

For a more detailed description of treatment, see Parkinson's disease. [sites.magellanhealth.com]

Treatment Return to top Treatment is aimed at controlling symptoms. If the symptoms are mild, no treatment may be needed. If the condition is caused by a medication, the benefits of the medication should be weighed against the severity of symptoms. [pacificschoolserver.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) Unlike Parkinson disease, some types of secondary parkinsonism may stabilize or even improve if the underlying cause is treated. Some brain problems, such as Lewy body disease, are not reversible. [health.firstlighthealthsystem.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) Unlike Parkinson disease, secondary parkinsonism may stabilize or even improve if the underlying cause is treated. Brain problems, such as Lewy body disease, are not reversible. [irmcphysicians.com]

Outlook (Prognosis) Unlike Parkinson disease, some types of secondary parkinsonism may stabilize or even improve if the underlying cause is treated. Brain problems, such as Lewy body disease, are not reversible. [stelizabeth.com]

Etiologies included hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; haloperidol treatment with and without neuroleptic malignant syndrome; toxicity of cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide, amphotericin B, and methotrexate; St. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology Parkinson disease: PD is commonly considered idiopathic, although several etiologic factors (e.g., genetic predisposition) are being investigated. [amboss.com]

Secondary parkinsonism can be due to metabolic disorders, intoxication, cerebrovascular disorders, head injuries, or infectious etiologies. Intracranial tumor is an established, but rare cause of secondary parkinsonism. [n.neurology.org]

However, a wide range of other etiologies may lead to a similar set of symptoms, including some toxins, a few metabolic diseases, and a handful of neurological conditions other than Parkinson's. [icd.codes]

Secondary parkinsonism refers to a group of disorders that have features similar to those of Parkinson disease but have a different etiology. [msdmanuals.com]

Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:525-535. 2. Alves G, Forsaa EB, Pedersen KF, Dreetz Gjerstad M, Larsen JP. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2008;255 Suppl 5:18-32. 3. [jkna.org]

Parkinson disease: parkinsonism for which no cause can be determined (idiopathic) References:[1][2] Epidemiology References:[1][3][4][5][6][7] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Author information 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy. [email protected] Abstract The PRIAMO study is a cross-sectional longitudinal observational study aimed at describing epidemiology and evolution [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiologic approaches to the study of Parkinson's disease etiology. Epidemiology 1999; 10: 327-336. 13. Tanner CM, Aston DA. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease and akinetic syndromes. Curr Opin Neurol 2000; 13: 427-430. 14. Calne DB. [ge-bu.nl]

 Epidemiology :  prevalence of MSA in four studies ranged from 1·9 to 4·9 cases per 100 000 people.  similar to those of other well-known neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington’s disease and motor neuron disease.  no single environmental [slideshare.net]

Furthermore, they illustrate the metabolic effects related to acute focal lesions of the SN as opposed to the progressive degeneration in idiopathic PD and may serve to help unravel the complicated pathophysiology underlying these conditions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical expressions, postulated pathophysiological mechanisms and responsiveness to antiparkinson medication represent differences between IPD and secondary Parkinsonism (SP). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate NMS expressions in IPD, SP and a control group. [clinicaltrials.gov]

We discuss the pathophysiology leading to involvement of substantia nigra and treatment options. [content.iospress.com]

Biology of Parkinson's disease: pathogenesis and pathophysiology of a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2004 Sep; 6(3): 259–280. Gazewood JD, Richards DR, Clebak K. Parkinson disease: an update. [parkinsonsdisease.net]

People taking medicines that can cause secondary parkinsonism should be carefully monitored by the provider to prevent the condition from developing. [health.firstlighthealthsystem.org]

People taking medicines that can cause secondary parkinsonism should be carefully monitored by the doctor to prevent the condition from developing. References Lang AE. Parkinsonism. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI. [irmcphysicians.com]

Treating underlying conditions, such as stroke or infections, can reduce symptoms or prevent the condition from getting worse. If symptoms make it hard to do everyday activities, the provider may recommend medicine. [stelizabeth.com]