Presentation
In the first experimental condition, the pictures represented personally familiar persons present in a specific spatial and temporal context. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
- Weakness
The patients which are suffered from the semantic dementia are weak in semantic knowledge that is understanding the meaning of word. The time span of the semantic disease is about 8 year ranging from 3 to 15 year. [depression-guide.com]
Gradual and steady weakness or slowing of movement People with FTD often describe a general weakening of their muscles or slowing of their movements. [memory.ucsf.edu]
For many years, individuals with frontotemporal dementia show muscle weakness and coordination problems, leaving them needing a wheelchair — or bedbound. [alz.org]
Neurological changes will also occur: weakness, movement and coordination difficulties, increasing memory difficulties. Initially, only certain types of memory, which is called semantic memory, are affected. [journeywithdementia.blogspot.com]
- Unconsciousness
The artist analyses this unconscious phenomenon of attributing some words a false meaning and the temporal inabiltity to interpret reality or use words correctly. [arabellapio.it]
At this stage the victim will fall unconscious and need rescue. Symptoms: Unconsciousness (max 10%) Vomiting ( mtb of 0.5 days ) Dementia ( permanent, mtb of 13 days ) Carcinoma ( mtb of 39 days ) Death - occurs at 100% severity. [rimworldwiki.com]
Gastrointestinal
Psychiatrical
- Suggestibility
These deficits might suggest that late-stage SD includes an independent disorder of phonology. An alternative possibility, however, is that phonological processing cannot proceed normally in the face of profound semantic degradation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Dyslexia
It is common for patients with SD to present with deficits in reading aloud irregular words (i.e. surface dyslexia), and in lexical decision. Theorists from the connectionist tradition (e.g. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Surface dyslexia is the most common error type of reading among English-speaking semantic dementia patients. [jstage.jst.go.jp]
- Fear
Phobias are among the few intensely fearful experiences we regularly have in our everyday lives, yet the brain basis of phobic responses remains incompletely understood. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The emotion most commonly reported to be lost is fear. [jnnp.bmj.com]
Whereas lack of emotional responsiveness was pervasive in FTD, it was often more selective in semantic dementia and particularly affected the capacity to show fear. [doi.org]
[…] coincides with the results from qualitative studies carried out to ascertain carers’ and institutionalised elderly patients’ opinions of the pain experienced by the latter group. 13 This cultural or anthropological factor coexists with others – the fear [elsevier.es]
- Compulsive Behavior
For instance, some individuals living with FTD benefit from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs, used in treating obsessive-compulsive behaviors, such as hoarding or craving sweets). [theaftd.org]
Stereotyped (i.e., repetitive) or compulsive behavior. For example, the person with FTD may become compulsive about rituals of hygiene and dress while at the same time neglecting proper hygiene. [caregiver.org]
These include: Increasingly inappropriate actions Loss of empathy and other interpersonal skills Lack of judgment and inhibition Apathy Repetitive compulsive behavior A decline in personal hygiene Changes in eating habits, predominantly overeating Oral [mayoclinic.org]
[…] and others; an increased interest in sex; changes in food preferences; agitation or, conversely, blunted emotions; neglect of personal hygiene; repetitive or compulsive behavior, and decreased energy and motivation. [medicinenet.com]
- Abnormal Behavior
Abnormal behaviors, such as repetitive clock watching or other behavioral routines previously shown to be characteristic of semantic dementia ( Snowden et al., 2001 ), were reported in every case. [journal.frontiersin.org]
Neurologic
- Aphasia
aphasia is related in part to disease in visual association cortex in ventral-medial portions of the left temporal lobe. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Patterson K, Graham NL, Ralph MA, et al.: Progressive non-fluent aphasia is not a progressive form of non-fluent (post-stroke) aphasia. Aphasiology 2006, 20:1018–1034. CrossRef Google Scholar 47. [doi.org]
- Memory Impairment
Controlling for semantic processing ameliorated these deficits in SD, while memory impairments persisted in AD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Apathy
In contrast, patients with bvFTD demonstrated pronounced deficits in attention/working memory, increased apathy and greater executive dysfunction, compared to patients with right SD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Symptoms of semantic dementia include: behaviour and personality changes difficulty spelling and pronouncing words accurately difficulty recognising people addictive or compulsive behaviour apathy or depression able to operate machinery or drive but unable [alzscot.org]
Signs and symptoms of FTD may include: Uninhibited and socially inappropriate behavior Inappropriate sexual behavior Loss of concern about personal appearance and hygiene Compulsive eating and oral fixation Apathy, lack of motivation, lack of concern [web.archive.org]
People with FTD typically first come to the doctor’s office because of: Gradual and steady changes in behavior The earliest changes typically include a disregard for social conventions, impulsivity, apathy, loss of sympathy or empathy, repetitive or compulsive [memory.ucsf.edu]
Also, they may not be able to look forward to an upcoming event, leading to feelings of apathy and lack of motivation. Irish says people with semantic dementia may also be unable to comprehend the long-term effects of financial decisions. [abc.net.au]
- Personality Change
This article provides a detailed assessment of patient MK who, despite her very severe semantic impairments, remained cooperative to testing and, unusually, did not show additional behavioral/personality changes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
In some cases, behavioural and personality changes may supervene; one patient developed features of the Kluver-Bucy Syndrome. [doi.org]
Symptoms of semantic dementia include: behaviour and personality changes difficulty spelling and pronouncing words accurately difficulty recognising people addictive or compulsive behaviour apathy or depression able to operate machinery or drive but unable [alzscot.org]
These people go through significant personality changes, and a drastic reduction of quality of life. Today, he would be hard pressed to articulate his thoughts this clearly. Often he is unable to get through a sentence of complete words. [citizensketcher.com]
- Confusion
This conclusion is potentially confused by (a) the existence of patient groups with semantic impairment following damage to other brain regions (semantic dementia and semantic aphasia) and (b) an ongoing debate about the underlying causes of comprehension [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Confused wandering ( mtb of 9 days ) Forget memory thought ( mtb of 4 days ) 0.15% of conditional thoughts nullified Major - begins at 50% severity Symptoms: Impaired functioning (-15% part efficiency) Confused wandering ( mtb of 7 days ) Forget memory [rimworldwiki.com]
Analgesics, anticholinergics, central nervous system depressants, cimetidine are help to reduce some symptoms of the semantic dementia like improve thinking, confusion etc. [depression-guide.com]
They can go from almost normal performance to severe confusion within short periods. Visual hallucinations are also a common symptom. [dementiahb.org.nz]
People with svPPA may also become more confused and disoriented as they recognize fewer familiar places and people. [memory.ucsf.edu]
Workup
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome; profound retrograde and anterograde amnesia, and to fill in memory gaps, patients CONFABULATE Initial workup of dementia should include complete metabolic profile, including liver function tests and thyroid studies Young pt [quizlet.com]
Treatment
Maintenance of treatment gains showed an advantage for errorless learning at one but not three months post-treatment, although all overall gains were maintained to a significant degree at both time points. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment of word retrieval deficits in aphasia. A comparison of two therapy methods. Brain. 1985; 108 817-829 39 Drew R L, Thompson C K. Model-based semantic treatment for naming deficits in aphasia. [doi.org]
Prognosis
Prognosis of Semantic Dementia The prognosis is poor. It progresses rapidly and become worse. The semantic dementia causes death in 2 to 10 years from infection and some time from general failure of body systems. [depression-guide.com]
Best prognosis tends to be in those with the semantic type, and survival may be as long as ten years or more. Worst prognosis is associated in the overlap syndrome with motor neurone disease, and there may only be 3-5 years between onset and death. [patient.info]
What is the prognosis (the outlook) for frontotemporal dementia? The outcome for people with frontotemporal dementia is poor. [medicinenet.com]
Further research should be directed at understanding and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to improve the patients' prognosis and quality of life. [doi.org]
Etiology
Improved reliability of diagnoses will be increasingly important as trials for etiology-specific treatments become available. We also discuss the implications of these syndromes for theories of language function. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
When sporadic disease is not sporadic: The potential for genetic etiology. Archives of Neurology, 61 (2), 213–216. PubMed Google Scholar Goodglass, H., & Kaplan, E. F. (1983). The Boston diagnostic aphasia examination. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger. [link.springer.com]
Grammar is also diminished, including reduced syntactic complexity13 and fewer subordinate clauses.14 Crucially, whether an individual becomes more impaired in either his or her grammar or word finding can be indicative of the location of the etiology [todaysgeriatricmedicine.com]
Epidemiology
Author information 1 Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit (NARU), University of Manchester, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology (CCACE), Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Among the many highlights of the Fifth Edition are: * An extensively updated chapter on the cellular and molecular biology of the neuron* An expanded chapter on the epidemiology and genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders* An extensively revised and expanded [books.google.de]
Ikeda M, Ishikawa T, Tanabe H: Epidemiology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2004;17:265–268. Gregory CA, Hodges JR: Frontotemporal dementia: use of consensus criteria and prevalence of psychiatric features. [karger.com]
Heritability, however, varies with the different clinical subtypes (discussed below). [ 4 ] Epidemiology [ 5 ] FTD is much less common than Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. [patient.info]
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis and management. CNS Drugs 2012 ; 26 : 841 -70. ↵ Vercelletto M, Boutoleau-Bretonnière C, Volteau C, Puel M, Auriacombe S, Sarazin M, et al. [bmj.com]
Pathophysiology
BACKGROUND: Developmental prosopagnosia (DP) and semantic dementia (SD) may be the two most common neurologic disorders of face processing, but their main clinical and pathophysiologic differences have not been established. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] capture pathophysiological changes become available. [bmj.com]
[…] earlier than AD, in 6th decade Pathophysiology of frontotemporal dementia abnormal tau proteins with neuronal loss and lgiosis; dense silver-staning intraneural inclusions called Pick bodies FTD with pick bodies present atrophy of frontal or temporal [quizlet.com]
Prevention
Finally, we showed normal learning of phonological sequences for GE when he was prevented from repeating his errors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention of Semantic Dementia The prevention of the semantic dementia is unknown. Prognosis of Semantic Dementia The prognosis is poor. It progresses rapidly and become worse. [depression-guide.com]
Date * : 2006-07-12 Sponsor Name: TauRx Therapeutics PTE Ltd Full Title: An Open Pilot Study of Methlythioninium Chloride (MTC) in Frontotemporal Dementia and Related Dementia Syndromes Medical condition: Frontotemporal Dementia and related syndromes Prevention [clinicaltrialsregister.eu]
No prevention. Available services National Aphasia Association 29 John St., Suite 1103 New York, NY 10038 www.aphasia.org [alzheimer-europe.org]