Butterworth-Heinemann, 22.10.2013 - 302 Seiten A Synopsis of Skin Diseases presents developments in the treatment and aetiology of diseases of the integument. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of dermatitis. [books.google.de]

Elsevier Health Sciences, ٢١‏/٠٤‏/٢٠٠٨ - 1056 من الصفحات Completely reorganized and updated, the 3rd Edition of this best-selling reference presents comprehensive coverage of all aspects of female urology, making it easy to implement today’s best approaches [books.google.com]

Case report We report a case of a postmenopausal female who presented with an offensive vaginal discharge; the examination showed an enlarged uterus, with an approximate size of a 16-week pregnancy. [recli.elsevier.es]

Women present with vaginal dryness, pruritus, urinary disturbances and dyspareunia. [34] Prognosis Atrophic vagnitis is a chronic disease and requires continuous treatment with estrogen or other alternatives. [wikidoc.org]

• Inguinal Lymphadenopathy

  Pain, itching, dysuria, vaginal and urethral discharge, and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy are the predominant local symptoms. [gynaecologythrissur.com]

• Asymptomatic

  Clinical findings Often asymptomatic; less commonly, itching, dyspareunia, dysuria and tenderness. Treatment Topical corticosteroids. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Polyps are most commonly asymptomatic unless they bleed. Menopause is the most common cause of atrophic vaginitis. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  […] lesions (see “Differential diagnosis” below) References: [1] [2] Classification Squamous cell carcinoma ( > 80% of cases) Basal cell carcinoma Melanoma Adenocarcinoma ( Paget's disease of the vulva ) References: [2] Clinical features May initially be asymptomatic [amboss.com]

  The main complaint is burning, but some patients are asymptomatic or have mild pruritus. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  However according to the CDC, 85 percent of women are asymptomatic (experience no symptoms). Symptoms Women 1. Gray/greenish discharge which may be frothy. 2. Discharge can have a fishy smell. 3. There may be itching and irritation. 4. [womens-health-advice.com]

• Surgical Procedure

  Few data exist on the risks of these procedures compared with general surgical procedures. [glowm.com]

  This muscle is not accessible to any other therapeutic measure, and its function is rarely improved by surgical procedures. [gyneflex.com]

  When a physician is unfamiliar with the office surgical technique required for an excisional biopsy or related diagnostic procedure, referral to a dermatologist or gynecologist is warranted. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Sepsis

  Median age of presentation is 65 years and less than one-third are associated with underlying malignancy. 2 Other causes are foreign bodies, puerperal infections or uterine anomalies. 3 The main complications are bacteremia, sepsis and spontaneous uterine [recli.elsevier.es]

  There are, however, anecdotal reports of current cases of GAS puerperal sepsis and an increase in the rate of GAS isolated from high vaginal swab samples obtained from menarchal women with vaginal discharge [ 2 ]. [academic.oup.com]

• Lymphadenopathy

  […] asymptomatic Local pruritus, possibly with burning sensation and pain Reddish, blackish, and/or whitish patches of discoloration Lumps or growths of various shapes, often wart-like lesions or ulcers Vulvar bleeding or discharge Dysuria, dyspareunia Lymphadenopathy [amboss.com]

  Pain, itching, dysuria, vaginal and urethral discharge, and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy are the predominant local symptoms. [gynaecologythrissur.com]

• Constitutional Symptom

  Herpes in pregnancy: In general, the clinical manifestations of recurrent genital herpes, including the frequency of subclinical versus clinical infection and the duration of lesions, pain, and constitutional symptoms are similar in pregnant and nonpregnant [gynaecologythrissur.com]

• Heart Disease

  *Leading causes of death: heart disease, malignant neoplasms (e.g., lung, colorectal, breast), cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pneumonia and influenza. †Annually. [glowm.com]

  This includes whether you are at risk for heart disease, osteoporosis, or breast cancer. [icdlist.com]

  Oestrogen therapy should be used with caution in patients with impaired liver function, alcohol abuse or heart disease. Women with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding after using oestrogen therapy should stop treatment and must seek medical advice. [medicalgrapevineasia.com]

  […] history of stroke, coronary heart disease, pregnancy, smoking in those age >35 years, migraines with neurologic symptoms, and acute cholecystitis / cholangitis. [wikidoc.org]

• Blister

  […] by recurrent eruptions of vesicles and blisters that easily erode and develop crusting. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  It may present like cigarette paper with wrinkled surface and waxy thickened or fragile skin, bruises, blisters, purpura, telengectasia, erosion, or ulcers. It never affects inside vagina and cervix as it spares mucosa. [jmidlifehealth.org]

  […] scratching secondary to conditions such as recurrent yeast infections, contact dermatitis, psychiatric illness [26] Contact dermatitis It could be allergic or irritant contact dermatitis Presents with redness, swelling, and pruritus [27] Ocassionally blistering [wikidoc.org]

• Excoriation

  Secondary changes, such as excoriations and lichenification or oozing and crusting from bacterial and yeast colonization, may occur. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Vulva is inflamed, tender and excoriated. The raw inflamed areas may become adherent and produce an obliteration of the canal, causing the infection to spread upwards into the cervix and endometrium, leading to pyometra. [gynaecologythrissur.com]

• Quickening

  Dang Gui, Hong Hua, and Sheng Di quicken the blood. She Chuang Zi, Fang Feng and Ci Ji Li dispel wind and stop itching. Yin Yang Huo and She Chuang Zi nourish the blood and supplement yang. [goldenneedleonline.com]

• Prolapse

  Enables you to implement the most current techniques through new chapters on pharmacologic neuromodulation (Botox) and laparoscopic management of SUI, as well as an expanded section on Surgical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse. [books.google.com]

  Quite frequently, patients are referred with vaginal discomfort and a physical examination reveals a prolapse ( 1 ). [2womenshealth.com]

  PELVIC FLOOR PROLAPSE Pelvic floor prolapse refers to relaxation of any or all parts of the pelvic floor, including cystocele, urethrocele, rectocele, uterine prolapse, and in posthysterectomy patients, eversion of the vaginal vault and enterocele. [glowm.com]

  Loss of tone and prolapse of the vaginal walls, as is found in genital relaxation, signify weakening and thinning of these minute branchings. [gyneflex.com]

  […] bone loss ( osteoporosis ) Urinary system changes, such as frequency and urgency of urination and increased risk of urinary tract infection Loss of tone in the pubic muscles, resulting in the vagina, uterus, or urinary bladder falling out of position (prolapse [medlineplus.gov]

• Vaginal Dryness

  These were a few common causes of vaginal dryness. [ayurvediccure.com]

  Mayeaux, Jr., MD. ) Vaginal atrophy caused by estrogen deficiency is common and usually is asymptomatic except for vaginal dryness. Vaginal atrophy, vulvovaginal atrophy, urogenital atrophy, senile vaginitis. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  Be aware that vaginal examination may be uncomfortable or painful if the patient has atrophic vaginitis. Vaginal examination may show: Thin mucosa with diffuse erythema. Occasional petechiae or ecchymoses. Dryness. Lack of vaginal folds. [patient.info]

  The peri menopause symptoms associated with atrophic vaginitis are:- Genital Dryness Vaginal Bleeding - postmenopausal bleeding or a bloody vaginal discharge. [2womenshealth.com]

  Fast facts on atrophic vaginitis Atrophic vaginitis refers to dryness of the vagina. Around 40 percent of postmenopausal women experience symptoms, but many do not seek treatment. [medicalnewstoday.com]

• Hot Flushes

  That there's much more to menopause than hot flushes and increased nervous irritability. Moreover, sexual and urinary symptoms often occur long after the hot flushes have gone. [canadafreepress.com]

  Vasomotor flushes and the release of peripheral immunoreactive lutenizing hormone-releasing hormone in postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 1984;41:881-7. 52. Mulley G, Mitchell JR, Tattersall RB. Hot flushes after hypopysectomy. [jmidlifehealth.org]

  If there are other accompanying menopausal symptoms including hot flushes (USA flashes) or night sweats then systemic HRT may be considered. [2womenshealth.com]

  Data Expected in the NDS Hormone replacement therapy may provide various benefits to patients undergoing menopause, including improvement of symptoms due to hypoestrogenic status (e.g. hot flushes, senile vaginitis, atrophic changes of the vulva or urethra [canada.ca]

• Vulvar Pain

  Br J Dermatol 135:991–994 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar Pruritus Vulvae and Vulvodynia Baggish MS, Miklos JR (1995) Vulvar pain syndrome: a review. [link.springer.com]

  The most common findings are copious, yellow, seropurulent vaginal discharge, edema, and marked vulvar and vaginal erythema. The patient usually complains of vulvar pain, pruritus, and dyspareunia. [academic.oup.com]

  Treatment A combination of therapy should be used: Physical therapy and pelvic floor exercise to relieve muscle spasms and generalized vulvar pain. Amitriptylline - a tricyclic antidepressant, relieves pain. [jmidlifehealth.org]

  […] intraepithelial neoplasia, vulvar cancer and extramammary paget disease Others : Foreign body, sexual trauma and contact irritants The conditions which may need to be differentiated from the atrophic vagintis and presents as vulvar or vaginal pruritus [wikidoc.org]

• Salpingitis

  Complications: Reactivation of salpingitis may occur if treatment is done in the presence of acute cervicitis. Cervical stricture may follow deep cauterization carried high into the endocervical canal. [gynaecologythrissur.com]

  ISSN 1072-3714. v t e Diseases of the pelvis and genitals ( N40-N99, 600-629 ) Female Adnexa Ovary Oophoritis · Ovarian cyst · Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome · Anovulation · Mittelschmerz Fallopian tube Salpingitis · Hydrosalpinx · Hematosalpinx Parametrium [wikidoc.org]

  SABANAS CELULARES CELULAS EN UNA SOLA CAPA QUE NO TIENEN PROFUNDIDAD SALPINGITIS /SALPINGITIS INFLAMACION DE LAS TROMPAS. SALPINGECTOMÍA EXTIRPACIÓN QUIRÚRGICA DE UNA O DE AMBAS TROMPAS DE FALOPIO. [es.slideshare.net]

• Pruritus Vulvae

  Br J Dermatol 135:991–994 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar Pruritus Vulvae and Vulvodynia Baggish MS, Miklos JR (1995) Vulvar pain syndrome: a review. [link.springer.com]

  urinary and fecal incontinence, painful skin fissuring, pruritus vulvae, or sore vulvodynia. [17], [18] It presents with white atrophic polygonal, flat topped papules coalescing into plaques and extending into vulva and perianal skin in figure of eight [jmidlifehealth.org]

Value of detailed endocrinological workup is debatable. In addition to various serological tests like free testosterone, ultrasound of abdomen and pelvis is essential. [jmidlifehealth.org]

Differential Diagnosis and Workup Workup and procedures If the diagnosis is not readily apparent, unaided (ie, naked-eye) or colposcopic examination of the vulva may define areas of abnormality that may warrant biopsy using a Keyes punch or biopsy forceps [emedicine.medscape.com]

Transient causes of incontinence should be sought before undertaking an extensive workup. These causes include infection, medications, constipation, delirium, and mobility problems. [glowm.com]

• Chlamydia

  […] vaginal suppositories, topical cream; for recurrent infections, oral medication may be considered; control diabetes Sexually Transmitted Vaginitis Causes: Unprotected sex (not using condoms) or having multiple sexual partners; trichomoniasis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia [fhs.gov.hk]

  Observation of 10 to 30 PMNs per oil-immersion field in the densest portion of the slide correlates statistically with the presence of gonococci or chlamydiae. [gynaecologythrissur.com]

  The most common causative agent of colpitis becomes staphylococcus or streptococcus, Proteus, E. coli, mycoplasma, gonococcus, chlamydia, trichomonas and yeast-like fungus of the genus Candida. [en.medicine-worlds.com]

  Any usual discharge should be checked to rule out gonorrhea or chlamydia infections. 4. There may or may not be vaginal itching or irritation. 5. Cramps and stomach pain. See also vaginitis causes and a guide to vaginitis prevention tips. [womens-health-advice.com]

  Nucleic acid amplification test results were negative for gonorrhea and chlamydia. Gram staining revealed abundant segmented WBCs, gram-positive cocci in pairs and chains, and a notable absence of Lactobacillus -like gram-positive rods ( figure 1 ). [academic.oup.com]

• Chlamydia Trachomatis

  Mucopurulent cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis is characterized by a thick yellow-white discharge coming from the cervical os in conjunction with 10 or more leukocytes per microscopic field (high-power oil immersion) on Gram’s stain examination [gynaecologythrissur.com]

  Reiter disease Reiter disease is a sterile oligoarthritis typically associated with conjunctivitis and with a distant infection (eg, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Shigella, Salmonella ), causing nongonococcal urethritis or enteritis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

  Sparling.P.F,Handsfield.H., Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Mandell: Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed., Tan HH; Chan RK: An open label comparative study of azithromycin and doxycycline in the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis in males [gynaecologythrissur.com]

• Polyps

  Her cervix has atrophic changes and an endocervical polyp ( Figure 81-1 ). The polyp was removed easily with a ring forceps and no dysplasia was found on pathology. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  […] pregnancy, using contraceptives or intrauterine devices Abnormal vaginal discharge is usually yellowish or greenish which is yogurt-like or frothy with an unpleasant smell and may even contain blood; causes include infection, inflammation, cervical polyps [fhs.gov.hk]

  Other findings may include: pelvic organ prolapse, such as cystocele and/or rectocele, urethral polyps or eversion of the urethral mucosa. [wikidoc.org]

  Cervical polyps as a cause of postmenopausal bleeding decrease in incidence after the sixth decade. Other sources of spotting are myomas, polyps, endometritis, and endometrial hyperplasia. [glowm.com]

  […] to physiologic leukorrhea (midcycle cervical mucus/postintercourse) or atrophic vaginitis. 3) Other causes: There may be chemical/allergic vaginitis, foreign body, desquamative inflammatory vaginitis, chronic cervicitis, cervical ectropion, cervical polyps [gynaecologythrissur.com]

Butterworth-Heinemann, 22.10.2013 - 302 Seiten A Synopsis of Skin Diseases presents developments in the treatment and aetiology of diseases of the integument. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of dermatitis. [books.google.de]

treatment can be used. [en.wikipedia.org]

Treatments are often underused because of patient and clinician lack of knowledge of available treatments, embarrassment about initiating a discussion of symptoms and reluctance to initiate hormonal therapy. [patient.info]

Vulvar cancer is usually associated with a poor prognosis. [amboss.com]

Prognosis depends on the medical condition. Spontaneously perforated pyometra has better prognosis if not associated with malignancy. 6 Also, pyometra that is early diagnosed and treated have good prognosis. [recli.elsevier.es]

Prevention and prognosis of colpitis Следует подчеркнуть, что вагинит, при проведении правильного и своевременного лечения не представляет серьезной угрозы для женского здоровья. [en.medicine-worlds.com]

Prognosis Symptoms are likely to return on cessation of treatment. [patient.info]

Prognosis The condition usually responds to proper treatment. In resistant cases, the uterus should be curetted to exclude endometrial carcinoma or associated senile endometritis. www.freelivedoctor.com [slideshare.net]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

Vaginal cancer is closely related to vulvar cancer in terms of etiology and histology, but it occurs inside the vagina (typically the posterior third of the vaginal wall), rather than the vulva. [amboss.com]

The etiologies of other benign connective tumors in this area are unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Etiology 1-Menpopause: due to lack of estrogen. Dramatic decline in the circulating estrogen levels occurs at menopause from 120 pg/ml to 18 pg/ml 2-Pelvic irradiation or chemotherapy 3-Oophorectomy 4-Anti-estrogns: e.g. [slideshare.net]

(Etiology) The primary causative factor for Atrophic Vaginitis is lower levels of estrogen production. [dovemed.com]

Epidemiology The mean age of cessation of menses in the Philippines is 49 years, with an average life expectancy of about 25–30 years beyond the menopause. [gfmer.ch]

[…] architecture Lichen simplex chronicus : squamous cell hyperplasia Other dermatoses, e.g., genital lichen planus ( hypertrophied skin with purple lesions) Etiology : unclear (hormonal, immunological, and/or infectious factors are believed to play a role) Epidemiology [amboss.com]

Women and their partners have reported that estrogen therapy resulted in less painful sex, more satisfaction with sex, and an improvement in their sex life. [1] Epidemiology [ edit ] Up to 50% of postmenopausal women have at least some degree of vaginal [en.wikipedia.org]

Epidemiology 1: 128, 1990 91 Sullivan JM, Zwang RV, Hughes JP et al: Estrogen replacement and coronary artery disease: Effect on survival in postmenopausal women. [glowm.com]

Dis, 2002, vol. 29 (pg. 606 - 7 ) 8 Two cases of group A streptococcal vulvovaginitis in premenopausal adults in a sexual health setting, Sex Health, 2006, vol. 3 (pg. 187 - 8 ) 9 Recurrent group A streptococcal vulvovaginitis in adult women: family epidemiology [academic.oup.com]

Pathophysiology Pathogenesis The pathogenesis of atrophic vaginitis is due to decreased estrogen levels. [wikidoc.org]

The pathophysiology and management of postmenopausal urogenital oestrogen deficiency. J Br Menopause Soc 2001;7:67–73. Kinchen KS, et al. Factors associated with women’s decisions to seek treatment for urinary incontinence. [medicalgrapevineasia.com]

Etiology and Pathophysiology Nonneoplastic epithelial disorders are discussed below. [emedicine.medscape.com]

J Reprod Med 35: 799, 1990 47 Resnick NM, Yalla SV, Laurino E: The pathophysiology of urinary incontinence among institutionalized elderly person. [glowm.com]

After urination or stools, cleanse by wiping or washing from front to back (vagina to anus) to prevent bacteria from anus entering vagina. Lose weight if overweight. [justeves.com]

Treatment of osteoporosis Same reference as for prevention of osteoporosis. [canada.ca]

Adapted from the US Preventative Services Task Force: Guide to Clinical Preventative Services. 2nd edn. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1966. [glowm.com]