The authors present the case of extremely preterm twins who both developed life-threatening coliform sepsis in second postnatal week within a short time period of each other. Methods Case report. [adc.bmj.com]

This abnormal HR behavior may help to monitor premature infants presenting with frequent and severe bradycardias. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presented at: Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting ; April 30-May 3, 2016; Baltimore. Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures. [healio.com]

We hypothesize that lactoferrin, an iron binding protein present in mammalian milk, is the major factor responsible for this effect due to its antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. [grantome.com]

• Agalactia

  The one PS infant with normal CB APRs had PCR/Sanger-Seq identification of S agalactiae. Six of the 8 infants with positive Sanger had elevation of all 3 CB APRs. [biorxiv.org]

  Gram-positive organisms: Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus; GBS) is most common among term infants. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

  Until recently it was believed that Streptococcus agalactiae is present in breast milk and may cause sepsis, apart from other pathogenic microorganisms. However, the incidence of such infections has only been reported occasionally. [archivesofmedicine.com]

  The microorganisms found were CNS (n = 44; 46.8%), S. aureus (n = 22; 23.4%), Candida (n = 11; 12%), Klebsiella (n = 6; 6.4%), Enterobacter (n=2; 2%), Pseudomonas (n=2; 2%), Streptococcus agalactiae (n=2; 2%), E. coli (n=1; 1%), Enterococcus (n=1; 1%) [scielo.br]

  Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus), p 707–712 In Long SS, Pickering LK, Prober CG, editors. (ed), Principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases, 4th ed. Elsevier, Edinburgh, United Kingdom [ Google Scholar ] 237. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Indecisiveness

  Diagnostic indecision leads to increased morbidity due to delayed treatment and overuse of empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics 5. [biorxiv.org]

Blood samples for bone turnover markers were collected during the initial sepsis workup, and at the end of the first week of treatment, and were compared to the corresponding weekly changes in bone markers in the controls. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Infants showing no signs of neonatal sepsis will have a sepsis workup done only if concerning factors are shown. Only a small percentage of infants will have a sepsis workup done. [en.wikipedia.org]

A sepsis workup may be needed to help identify the location of the infection and type of microorganism causing the infection. A sepsis workup may include the following procedures: Blood tests Lumbar puncture (also called spinal tap). [stanfordchildrens.org]

• Mycoplasma Hominis

  Of the 30 control infants, 23 PCR/Sanger-Seq were negative while 7 had a single bacterial species identified by sequencing: Lactobacillus crispatus (n=3), Mycoplasma hominis (n=2), Lactobacillus iners (n=1), and Prevotella bivia (n=1). [biorxiv.org]

  Some of the commonly identified pathogens include Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrea, Mycoplasma hominis, group B strephtococcus and Trichomonas vaginalis. [elsevier.es]

  hominis ). 5 At term gestation, less than 1% of women with intact membranes will have organisms cultured from amniotic fluid. 6 The rate can be higher if the integrity of the amniotic cavity is compromised by procedures before birth (eg, placement of [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

• Haemophilus Parainfluenzae

  As shown in Table 2, positive organisms in PS were: S agalactiae (n=2), E coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Streptococcus gallolyticus, Sneathia sanguineges, and Actinomyces neuii. [biorxiv.org]

In some units, 48-hourly LPs are performed in cases of Gram-negative meningitis, with treatment continuing for 14 days after the first negative culture - in practice this usually equates with a 21-day treatment course. [bettersafercare.vic.gov.au]

[…] with treatment prior to delivery. [hawaii.edu]

What about long-term treatment? Typically, treatment is confined to the hospitalization. Long-term treatment would be necessary for infants who develop complications secondary to the infection. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

[…] an alternative method of treatment. • If meningitis is present, the treatment should be extended to 21 days or 14 days after a negative result from a CSF culture. 12. • 2. [slideshare.net]

However, no substantial clinical trials have shown that these treatments are beneficial. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prognosis and Treatment Sepsis in a newborn is treated with antibiotics given intravenously. Treatment is started even before laboratory results are available; a different antibiotic may later be chosen based on the results of laboratory tests. [hon.ch]

Prognosis and Treatment Sepsis in a newborn is treated with antibiotics given intravenously. Antibiotics are often started even before laboratory and culture results are available. [rchsd.org]

What is the prognosis? In cases of untreated neonatal sepsis, the mortality can be as high as 50 to 100%. [jfhc.co.uk]

This study did not carry out either any long-term monitoring of infants with sepsis to assess the prognosis of this infection. [degruyter.com]

At the lowest gestational ages, a large proportion of deaths with the poorest survival prognosis. [omicsonline.org]

Keywords Child, Preschool — Cohort Studies — Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology/etiology/microbiology — Female — Follow-Up Studies — Humans — Infant — Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight — Infant, Newborn — Infant, Premature — Infant, Premature, Diseases [archive-ouverte.unige.ch]

ETIOLOGY • Common organisms identified: • 1. Escherichia coli. • 2. Group B Streptococci. • 3. [slideshare.net]

For patients in the observed group infectious etiology was Introduction White dot syndrome comprises a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases of a noninfectious etiology that affect the choriocapillaris, pigment epithelium and the exterior layers [yumpu.com]

Abstract The epidemiology, etiology and outcome of neonatal sepsis are changing over time. [nature.com]

Our study did not determine viruses as the etiology of sepsis. About 78.2% of infants with sepsis in our study had maternal risk factors such as a history of fever and of meconeal amniotic fluid. [degruyter.com]

/epidemiology/microbiology — Male — Prospective Studies — Risk Factors — Sepsis/complications/epidemiology — Sickness Impact Profile — Switzerland/epidemiology — Treatment Outcome Identifiers DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-3338 PMID: 21768312 Full text Article [archive-ouverte.unige.ch]

The 4th edition includes an entirely new section on pediatric obesity: epidemiology, pathophysiology, assessment and treatment. It includes new chapters on celiac disease, food allergies and iron. [books.google.com]

Acta Paediatr 2008;97:1376-1380. van den Hoogen A, Gerards LJ, Verboon-Maciolek MA, Fleer A, Krediet TG: Long-term trends in the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis and antibiotic susceptibility of causative agents. Neonatology 2010;97:22-28. [karger.com]

An up-to-date and thorough understanding of the epidemiology and management of neonatal LOS may help to reduce the burden of this disease. [fn.bmj.com]

Among the pediatric texts available, none deals with the physiologic or pathophysiologic basis of nutrition in pediatric health and disease in children of all ages. [books.google.com]

Biophysics (644) Physiology and Pathophysiology (83) Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry (66) Paediatrics, Neonatology (62) Neurology (38) Otorhinolaryngology (32) Radiology and Imaging (32) Internal Medicine (31) Nuclear Medicine (29) Ophthalmology and [portal.mefanet.cz]

Neonatology: Pathophysiology and Management of the Newborn. 3rd ed., Philadelphia: JB Lippincott, 1987: 483-484. Martin RJ, Miller MJ, Carlo WA. Pathogenesis of apnea in preterm infants. J Pediatr 1986;109:733-741. Rall TW. [uichildrens.org]

Pathophysiology: the role of the mediators and bacterial agent Several proinflammatory cytokines are produced and secreted because of the bacterial agent in the blood stream. [scielo.br]

Overgrowth of these organisms in the neonatal lumen can be a component of the multifactorial pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Methods studied to prevent late-onset sepsis include early feedings, immune globulin administration, prophylactic antimicrobial administration, and improved hand hygiene. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

prevention of infections in very premature babies (LACUNA), ISRCTN66482337; oral lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of sepsis in preterm neonate, NCT01821989; Enteral Lactoferrin In Neonates (ELFIN), ISRCTN88261002 [ 4 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Therefore, there is a lot of interest in safe, effective measures to prevent these conditions. [discover.dc.nihr.ac.uk]

Authors concluded that probiotics are a tool for preventing NEC and mortality in preterm infants. [omni-biotic.com]