(b) Comparison of the genes quantitatively presented in A in relation to the genomes of the other species present in the clade of S. liquefaciens. [nature.com]

The histological and biological evidence presented indicated that the microorganism would be less than effective if utilized as a conventional microbial insecticide. Citation Podgwaite, J.D.; Cosenza, B.J. 1976. [fs.usda.gov]

Department of Microbiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal.E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Serratia rubidaea causing urinary tract infection is presented here. [jcdr.net]

Colonization can hence turn breast milk and fecally-soiled diapers pink, which can lead otherwise unaffected patients to present to their physicians and also interrupt breastfeeding. [liebertpub.com]

In summary, we present a rare case of peritonitis attacks caused by S. marcescens, M. morganii and K. oxytoca. [revistanefrologia.com]

• Intravenous Drugs

  Discussion Community-acquired infective endocarditis due to Serratia species is almost exclusively seen in intravenous drug users. [hindawi.com]

  drug users in the '60s and '70s, said Dr. [sfgate.com]

  Serratia may cause a variety of other infections, including osteomyelitis, septic arthritis (especially after intraarticular injections), endocarditis (particularly in intravenous drug users), and, rarely, cellulitis or necrotizing fasciitis. [journals.lww.com]

  It was the most typical cause of Gram-negative endocarditis in intravenous drug addicts during the 1970s. Lab Diagnosis of Serratia marcescens 1. [microbenotes.com]

  Serratia marcescens endocarditis: a regional illness associated with intravenous drug abuse. Ann Intern Med. 1976 Jan. 84(1):29-35. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Pinna A, Usai D, Sechi LA, Carta A, Zanetti S. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Fishing

  Procedures for the Detection and Identification of Certain Fish Pathogens, 3rd ed., Fish Health Section, American Fisheries Society, Corvallis, Oregon. [ Links ] Austin B, Stobie M 1992. [scielo.br]

  Fish. Sci. 61, 624-632. [fisheriessciences.com]

  Incidence of histamine-forming bacteria and histamine content in scombroid fish species from retail markets in the Barcelona area. Int J Food Microbiol 1996;28:411-8. Zbinden R, Blass R. [journal.indianjmedsci.com]

  At Doc's, investigators found numerous sources of potential contamination -- some stemming from lapses in sterile procedures others from a bubbling tropical fish tank -- in the area where the drug formulas were handled. [sfgate.com]

  Volatile compounds produced in sterile fish muscle (Sebastes melanops) by Pseudomonas perolens. Applied Microbiology 25 :257–261. PubMed Google Scholar 17. Owen, R. J., Hill, L. R., Lapage, S. P. 1969. [doi.org]

• Inflammation

  One species of Klebsiella produces a toxin that can cause inflammation of the colon and bleeding (hemorrhagic colitis) after antibiotics are taken. This disorder is called antibiotic-associated colitis. [merckmanuals.com]

  […] meningitis or cerebral abscesses may include: Headache Fever Vomiting Stupor Coma Symptoms of Serratia intra-abdominal infections may include: Biliary drainage Liver abscess Pancreatic abscess Peritoneal fluid secretion Symptoms of Serratia endocarditis (inflammation [emedicinehealth.com]

  Three days later, the patient was afebrile, hypoxemia and hemoptysis were resolved, blood tests remained within normal limits, including inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and WBC, and multiple subsequent blood culture results came [hindawi.com]

  These species are associated with inflammation.[14] Some Alphaproteobacteria can grow at very low levels of nutrients and have unusual morphology such as stalks and buds. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Weakness

  Those who have weak immune systems may also be more likely to fall ill because of the growth. You can keep orange mold at bay by keeping your bathroom as dry as possible, checking regularly for leaks, and cleaning out the fridge regularly. [cwservicepros.com]

  Etymology: L. part. adj. marcescens, becoming weak, fading away. Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. [bacterio.net]

  Broad-spectrum cephalosporins such as cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefepime are weak inducers of the enzyme and thus remain stable against AmpC-inducible bacteria (50). [antimicrobe.org]

• Pallor

  On examination, no pallor, no cyanosis, bilateral chest crepitation and ronchi with liver 4 cm palpable below right subcostal margin. Arterial Blood Gas analysis shows respiratory alkalosis. (pH=7.54, pCO 2 =30 mm Hg) with hypoxemia (pO 2 =50%). [omicsonline.org]

• Pneumonia

  Today, Serratia marcescens is considered a harmful human pathogen which has been known to cause urinary tract infections, wound infections, and pneumonia. [web.archive.org]

  Of the 572 Enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood cultures, S. marcescens was the 3rd most common after E. coli and K. pneumoniae, accounting for 11% (63/572) of isolates. [scielo.org.za]

  Carbapenemase-producing species of K. pneumoniae (KPC) have been isolated internationally as well as in the US, making treatment of some infections very problematic. [msdmanuals.com]

  Here we present a case of pneumonia caused by Serratia marcescens in a 3 year old child, without having any significant predisposing factors. [omicsonline.org]

  Risk factors and clinical impact of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 30:1180-1185.2009 13) Nordmann P, Cuzon G, Naas T. [bdj.co.jp]

• Cough

  We now report an isolate of S. ficaria from sputum specimen.A 46-year-old man was suffering from a chronic renal failure of five years, four months of peritoneal dialysis and one week of fever due to respiratory tract infection, accompanied by cough. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  He was complaining of productive cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever off and on and oral ulcers. The patient had taken antitubercular treatment for three months in 1995, then again for one month in 1997. He had also undergone bronchoscopy in 1997. [ijmm.org]

  Typically, this severe infection causes cough, bringing up a sticky, dark brown or dark red sputum, and collections of pus (abscesses) in the lungs or in the membrane between the lungs and chest wall (empyema). [merckmanuals.com]

  […] urinary tract infections occur, they may include: Fever Frequent urination Difficulty urinating Pain upon urination White blood cells in urine Symptoms of Serratia respiratory tract infection may include: Serratia pneumonia (rare) Fever, chills Productive cough [emedicinehealth.com]

• Pertussis

  Comparative analysis of the genome sequences of Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Nat Genet. 2003; 35: 32–40. pmid:12910271 View Article PubMed/NCBI Google Scholar 24. Ahmed N. [journals.plos.org]

• Abdominal Distension

  Two days later, the boy suffered abdominal distension, bradycardia, and paleness. His paleness worsened hours later. The boy received antibiotics, including vancomycin and cefotaxime. [millerandzois.com]

• Nausea

  Five months after the initiation of automated peritoneal dialysis (APD), the patient presented with abdominal pain and nausea to our PD clinic. [revistanefrologia.com]

• Hypotension

  […] they may include: Fever Frequent urination Difficulty urinating Pain upon urination White blood cells in urine Symptoms of Serratia respiratory tract infection may include: Serratia pneumonia (rare) Fever, chills Productive cough Low blood pressure (hypotension [emedicinehealth.com]

  A total of 26 episodes were recorded (mean of 1.85 episodes per patient), considering these as the onset of general malaise, hypotension and fever during the dialysis session, with blood cultures positive for S. marcescens. [revistanefrologia.com]

• Back Pain

  Among the preparations Doc's had sold was a form of cortisone injected into the spines of dozens of patients with back pain. One of those patients, a healthy, 47-year-old Concord man named George Stahl, died the day after his injection. [sfgate.com]

• Meningism

  […] weakly lactose fermenting, and gram-negative bacillus produces prodigiosin, a pale pink or dark red pigment clinical syndromes are often associated with recent instrumentation/procedure urinary tract infection wound infections pneumonia endocarditis meningitis [step1.medbullets.com]

  Outbreak of meningitis due to Serratia marcescens after spinal anaesthesia. J Hosp Infect. 2014 Jun. 87(2):122-5. [Medline]. Engel HJ, Collignon PJ, Whiting PT, Kennedy KJ. [emedicine.com]

  Patients were coming down with a painful, hard-to-treat form of meningitis. Public health experts traced the infection to Doc's Pharmacy in Walnut Creek, which mixed some of its own drug products, a legal practice. [sfgate.com]

  Although extremely rare, it can also cause pneumonia and meningitis. Minimizing the Risk of Serratia Marcescens Infection Once s. marcescens has established itself on a surface, completely eliminating it can be very difficult. [millerandzois.com]

[…] fasciitis of the lower extremity; both organisms had identical antibiograms. 15 The portal of entry in another case was an infected intravenous catheter with bacteremia leading to the development of cellulitis at a distant site. 7 Despite an extensive workup [journals.lww.com]

The treatment regimen was different at the 2 sites with the most patients affected. [revistanefrologia.com]

Thaden JT, Pogue JM, Kaye KS: Role of newer and re-emerging older agents in the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. [msdmanuals.com]

Emergence after antibiotic treatment, resistance to many antibiotics, prevalence in hospital patients, and typical ward epidemics suggest that Serratia is a predominantly hospital-acquired organism. [jamanetwork.com]

The patient had taken antitubercular treatment for three months in 1995, then again for one month in 1997. He had also undergone bronchoscopy in 1997. The patient was non-smoker. [ijmm.org]

The patient received the appropriate antibiotic treatment, without further surgical intervention. Discussion. [hindawi.com]

[…] obstructive pulmonary disease immunocompromised status recent procedure at the site of infection i.e., instrumentation of urinary tract or bronchoscopy Pathogenesis the bacteria colonizes the respiratory and urinary tracts and causes nosocomial infections Prognosis [step1.medbullets.com]

Endocarditis by Serratia species has a poor prognosis, and surgical management is often required. In this case, the patient received only antibiotic treatment and survived, while remaining asymptomatic. [hindawi.com]

[…] system that describes the severity of a patient's illness based on the degree of organ dysfunction, and serves as a useful tool for predicting mortality in bacteremic patients. 35 An elevated SOFA score is indicative of severe organ dysfunction and poor prognosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It has also been seen without apparent infection in the intestinal tract of the newborn. 7 The isolation of Serratia from the urine of 20 further patients is recorded here, and some evidence is given as to its etiological role in cases of urinary tract [jamanetwork.com]

Although numerous pathogens cause diarrhea, the etiology of many episodes remains unknown. Serratia marcescens is incriminated in hospital-associated infections, and HIV/AIDS associated diarrhea. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology and transmission of endosepsis (internal rot) of the fruit of the fig. Hilgardia 2 :287–328. Google Scholar 4. Condit, I. J. 1947. The Fig. Waltham: Chronica Botanica. Google Scholar 5. Crosa, J. H., Brenner, D. J., Falkow, S. 1973. [doi.org]

Neonatal septicaemia—incidence, etiology and outcome. A 6-year analysis. Acta Paediatr. Scand. [frontiersin.org]

Etiology and transmission of endosepsis (internal rot) of the fruit of the fig. Hilgardia 2 :287–328. Google Scholar 2. Condit, I. J. 1947. The fig. Waltham: Chronica Botanica. Google Scholar 3. Corner, E. J. H. 1966. The natural history of palms. [link.springer.com]

There have been many reports concerning the identification, antibiotic susceptibility, pathogenicity, epidemiological investigations and typing of this organism. Accurate identification is important in defining outbreaks. [doi.org]

the journal of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. [shea-online.org]

[The genus Serratia: its biology, clinical effects and epidemiology]. Rev Clin Esp. 1994 Apr. 194(4):294-9. [Medline]. Aron M, Goel R, Gupta NP, et al. [emedicine.com]

“Serratia: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology”. 11 November 2019. [universe84a.com]

Pathophysiology The opportunistic pathogen S. marcescens commonly causes urinary tract and ocular lens infections. It has also been linked with endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septicemia, wound and respiratory tract infections. [creative-biolabs.com]

[…] urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) Surgical site / wounds Bloodstream infections / central line associated infections (CLABSIs) Endocarditis / left sided endocarditis Hospital acquired eye infection, particularly in neonates and pediatric population Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

[…] opportunistic pathogen in humans. [10] Derivatives of prodigiosin have recently been found to have immunosuppressive properties and antitumor activity in vivo [11, 12] and are also currently being considered as a candidate treatment for Chagas disease. [13] Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1985. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Prevention After identification of S. marcescens infection, control measures will be used to prevent the spread of S. marcescens. [creative-biolabs.com]

Each site had its own Nephrology and Preventive Medicine section. [revistanefrologia.com]

The society’s work improves public health by establishing infection-prevention measures and supporting antibiotic stewardship among healthcare providers, hospitals, and health systems. [shea-online.org]

In contrast, the beta-lactam antibiotic prevents regrowth in between doses of the aminoglycoside. [microbenotes.com]