Presentation
We present the results of laboratory tests and the imaging findings (chest X-ray and CT scans). The evolution was favorable, and the patient was discharged after 14 days. [scielo.br]
In the comparative analysis, results on PIV types 1, 2, and 3 are presented as combined PIV result, due to limited individual numbers. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
Primary viral pneumonia presents in more than 70% of ICU influenza patients and more than 50% develop acute respiratory distress syndrome. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Based on what we currently know about the Flu (Influenza) and the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) disease, which we continue to learn more about, both may present issues for the very young, the elderly, and those with underlying medical conditions. [ynhhs.org]
Children may also present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting or diarrhea, apart from fever and respiratory symptoms. Not all infected present all the symptoms. [ecdc.europa.eu]
Entire Body System
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Asymptomatic
Similar observations about co‐infections with AdV were reported in the Eastern Mediterranean region and in Gabon.12, 17 Our findings add to the data of high AdV occurrence in co‐infections and linked to the high prevalence of asymptomatic AdV infections [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
Moreover, some people become infected, shed virus, yet are subclinical or asymptomatic cases - their role in transmission is not conclusively determined. Overall, it is hard to control seasonal influenza. [ecdc.europa.eu]
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Physician
Physicians should be alert that a positive test for influenza does not rule out the possibility of COVID-19 disease. The SARS-COV-2 outbreak in late December of 2019 in Wuhan, China, has caused many infections and deaths globally. [journals.lww.com]
Impact of influenza exposure on rates of hospital admissions and physician visits because of respiratory illness among pregnant women. CMAJ. 2007;176(4):463-8. Ducatez MF, Pelletier C, Meyer G. Influenza D virus in cattle, France, 2011-2014. [ecdc.europa.eu]
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Developmental Delay
The most common underlying conditions in COVID-19 patients were neurologic problems related to global developmental delay or seizures (11 of 54 COVID-19 patients [20%] vs 24 of 291 flu patients [8%]). [cidrap.umn.edu]
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Falling
[…] into fall and winter. [cidrap.umn.edu]
Respiratoric
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Pneumonia
Primary viral pneumonia presents in more than 70% of ICU influenza patients and more than 50% develop acute respiratory distress syndrome. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
These data imply that SARS-CoV-2 causes severe disease in obese patients and in those with T2DM by inducing bilateral pneumonia and a cytokine storm that damages the lung epithelial-endothelial barrier. [asm.org]
Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in patient with pneumonia, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26. [Epub ahead of print]. Copyright 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. [journals.lww.com]
“The proportion with clinical improvement up to day 28 was significantly lower and the proportions developing influenza-related pneumonia, ARDS [Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome] and requiring ICU admission were significantly higher among patients [hcplive.com]
The flu may also lead to lung infection (pneumonia) or death. What causes the flu in a child? The flu is caused by flu viruses. Flu viruses are divided into 3 types: Influenza types A and B. [hopkinsmedicine.org]
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Respiratory Distress
Primary viral pneumonia presents in more than 70% of ICU influenza patients and more than 50% develop acute respiratory distress syndrome. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
“The proportion with clinical improvement up to day 28 was significantly lower and the proportions developing influenza-related pneumonia, ARDS [Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome] and requiring ICU admission were significantly higher among patients [hcplive.com]
Cardiovascular
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Heart Disease
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of at least 3 co-occurring conditions that raise the risk of heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). [asm.org]
Older people, young children and people with certain chronic conditions (asthma, heart disease, diabetes, among others) are at increased risk for serious complications, including pneumonia. [ynhhs.org]
disease (except high blood pressure), liver or kidney disease, a blood disorder (such as sickle cell disease), metabolic or endocrine disorders (such as diabetes), severely obese, weakened immune system due to disease or medicines (including HIV/AIDS [health.state.mn.us]
Psychiatrical
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Suggestibility
Contrary to concerns, multiple studies now suggest that ACE inhibitors and ARBs do not lead to poorer outcomes in COVID-19 infection. [asm.org]
Workup
Microbiology
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Staphylococcus Aureus
Bacterial secondary infection occurs in 20% of severe cases and Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus remain the prevalent pathogens. Myocarditis and late-onset cardiovascular complications are associated with mortality. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Severe influenza In some cases the disease becomes more severe due to the influenza virus infection or a secondary, usually bacterial, infection e.g. by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus. [ecdc.europa.eu]
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Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Bacterial secondary infection occurs in 20% of severe cases and Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus remain the prevalent pathogens. Myocarditis and late-onset cardiovascular complications are associated with mortality. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Severe influenza In some cases the disease becomes more severe due to the influenza virus infection or a secondary, usually bacterial, infection e.g. by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus. [ecdc.europa.eu]
Treatment
High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulins in the Treatment of Severe Acute Viral Pneumonia: The Known Mechanisms and Clinical Effects. Liu X, Cao W, Li T. Liu X, et al. Front Immunol. 2020 Jul 14;11:1660. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01660. eCollection 2020. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
In an analysis restricted to sex, age group and antiviral treatment, influenza vaccination had a positive effect on disease severity in all age groups and categories. [eurosurveillance.org]
Treatment will depend on your child’s symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend on how severe the condition is. The goal of treatment is to help prevent or ease symptoms. Treatment may include medicines such as: Acetaminophen. [hopkinsmedicine.org]
Case management and treatment Symptomatic treatment Most simple seasonal influenza cases are managed symptomatically and are advised bedrest at home to minimize the risk for infecting others in the community. [ecdc.europa.eu]
Most healthy people who get the flu do not need antiviral drug treatment. [health.state.mn.us]
Etiology
Respiratory virus distribution in Suriname RSV was the most common etiological agent for RVI (19.4%), followed by influenza viruses (15.5%). [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
Epidemiology
The aim of this study was to gain insight in the epidemiology, distribution, and seasonality of respiratory viruses in Suriname. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
Methods An observational case–case epidemiological study was carried out in 12 sentinel hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) over six influenza seasons 2010/11–2015/16. [eurosurveillance.org]
Influenza virologic and epidemiologic surveillance in Guangzhou, 2003. South China. J Prev Med. 2005;31:10–13. 5. Wu X, Cai Y, Huang X, et al. Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in patient with pneumonia, China. [journals.lww.com]
Epidemiology Influenza A and B Type A viruses are responsible for the highest burden of disease during seasonal epidemics, although both influenza A and B types are able to cause epidemics, significant disease and deaths. [ecdc.europa.eu]
Prevention
Here, we estimate the effect of influenza vaccination in preventing severe outcomes e.g. intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death, even though it did not prevent influenza virus infection and subsequent hospitalisation. [eurosurveillance.org]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Weekly U.S. Influenza Surveillance Report, Key Updates for Week 8, ending February 22. 2020. Available at: . Accessed March 19, 2020. 4. Yang W, Lu E, Zhou X, et al. [journals.lww.com]
As with influenza virus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently recognized obesity as a risk factor for severe illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. [asm.org]
Fall flu vaccinations The authors said that, given the large percentage of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with underlying conditions, vulnerable people should be vaccinated against flu to prevent severe disease that could require hospitalization going [cidrap.umn.edu]
How can I help prevent the flu in my child? The best way to prevent flu is to have the yearly flu vaccine. The flu vaccine is given as a shot (injection). A nasal spray is not recommended for the 2017-2018 flu season. [hopkinsmedicine.org]