The shuA gene is present in a discrete locus, designated the haem transport locus, containing eight open reading frames. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Critical Essential Core Tested Community Questions (3) (M1.MC.42) A 14-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and diarrhea after returning from an East Asian vacation. Stool sample reveals the presence of red and white blood cells. [step1.medbullets.com]

• Inflammation

  However, the mechanism by which S.dysenteriae infection regulates proinflammatory cytokines during intestinal inflammation is still obscure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The pathogenicity of shigellosis involves invasion and inflammation of the colonic epithelium, destruction of the superficial mucosa, sloughing of the mucosa, and production of the mucosal ulcers. [catalog.hardydiagnostics.com]

  Some adults develop reactive arthritis (inflammation of the joints). Inflammation of the eyes ( uveitis ) and urethra (causing painful urination) may occur weeks to months after the diarrhea. [merckmanuals.com]

  Bacterial invasion of the colonic epithelium leads to severe inflammation together with bacterial dissemination generates abscesses and ulcerations. [em-consulte.com]

  Apoptotic destruction of macrophages in subepithelial tissue allows survival of the invading shigellae, and inflammation facilitates further bacterial entry. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Disability

  […] itemId=/content/10.2807/ese.14.28.19268-en&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah Comment has been disabled for this content Submit comment Close Comment moderation successfully completed [eurosurveillance.org]

  Outbreaks also occur in places that are overcrowded and have inadequate sanitation, such as Day-care centers for children Long-term care facilities Refugee camps Institutions for the intellectually disabled Cruise ships Military camps Developing countries [merckmanuals.com]

• Swelling

  Symptoms of Toxic Megacolon include abdominal pain and swelling, fever, weakness, and disorientation. If this complication goes untreated and the colon ruptures, the patient’s condition can be life-threatening. [foodborneillness.com]

  High fever (up to 106° F [41 ° C]), sometimes with delirium, seizures, or coma Severe dehydration with weight loss 20 or more bowel movements a day With severe diarrhea, protrusion of part of the rectum out of the body (rectal prolapse) Rarely, marked swelling [merckmanuals.com]

  If you develop abdominal swelling (distension). If you develop blood in your stools. The same applies for your child. Are there any complications that can develop? Complications are similar to those for other causes of traveller's diarrhoea. [patient.info]

• Mucosal Edema

  Gross pathology consists of mucosal edema, erythema, friability, superficial ulceration, and focal mucosal hemorrhage involving the rectosigmoid junction primarily. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Chills

  Patients presented with chills, fever, abdominal cramps, and the abrupt onset of profuse watery or bloody diarrhea. Nausea, vomiting, myalgias, and dehydration were frequently noted. [cdc.gov]

  Symptoms The usual symptoms are diarrhea associated with cramping, abdominal pain, chills, and malaise, headache, and fever. The diarrhea often contains blood and mucus. The patient may become progressively weaker and more dehydrated. [healthcentral.com]

• Diarrhea

  Snapshot A 6-year-old girl is brought in to the emergency department for a 2-day history of fever and watery diarrhea. This morning, the diarrhea contained some blood. She had just traveled to Bangladesh to visit relatives. [step1.medbullets.com]

  Six strains belonging to provisional serovars of S. dysenteriae were also identified for the first time in patients hospitalized with diarrhea in Kolkata, India. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Abdominal Pain

  Critical Essential Core Tested Community Questions (3) (M1.MC.42) A 14-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and diarrhea after returning from an East Asian vacation. Stool sample reveals the presence of red and white blood cells. [step1.medbullets.com]

  The most commonly observed signs associated with Shigella dysentery include: Diarrhea Cramping Abdominal pain Malnutrition Rectal prolapse Tenesmus Reactive arthritis Anemia [quiplabs.com]

• Nausea

  Nausea, vomiting, myalgias, and dehydration were frequently noted. [cdc.gov]

  The mean incubation period until onset of diarrhea was 25 hours and was preceded by nausea, abdominal discomfort, and bloating. Patients were treated with ciprofloxacin. No deaths occurred among the ill workers. [ojp.gov]

  Shigella infections can cause stomach cramps, nausea and diarrhoea, and worryingly it is also increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Read on for five more Shigella facts that you may not know… 1. [biocote.com]

  There is also fever and nausea that accompany the diarrhea. Some people however also suffer from vomiting and cramping, and some show no symptoms at all. [web.uconn.edu]

• Blood in Stool

  Stool sample reveals the presence of red and white blood cells. Stool culture shows growth of immobile, non-lactose fermenting gram-negative rods. [step1.medbullets.com]

  Stool microscopy for pus cells to identify shigellosis is not necessary when visible blood is present in stools. [rehydrate.org]

• Mucus in Stool

  Shigellosis is a worldwide disease, characterized by abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, and the passage of blood- and mucus-streaked stools. Rhesus monkeys and other primates are the only animals that are naturally susceptible to shigellosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] with blood or mucus in stool) occurring in up to ½ of patients, in rare instances, more commonly in children, elderly, or debilitated patients infection is fatal Shigellosis is very common especially in the developing world Infection usually occurs from [pathologyoutlines.com]

• Ulcer

  The illness resembled fulminant ulcerative colitis and its infectious nature was difficult to establish because several fecal cultures failed to grow the pathogen. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Infection with this organism often leads to ulceration of the intestinal epithelium. [connects.catalyst.harvard.edu]

  The pathogenicity of shigellosis involves invasion and inflammation of the colonic epithelium, destruction of the superficial mucosa, sloughing of the mucosa, and production of the mucosal ulcers. [catalog.hardydiagnostics.com]

  Bacterial invasion of the colonic epithelium leads to severe inflammation together with bacterial dissemination generates abscesses and ulcerations. [em-consulte.com]

• Erythema

  Gross pathology consists of mucosal edema, erythema, friability, superficial ulceration, and focal mucosal hemorrhage involving the rectosigmoid junction primarily. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  With frequencies indicated in Figure 22-2, there is proximal extension of erythema, edema, loss of vascular pattern, focal hemorrhage, and adherent layers of purulent exudate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Febrile Seizures

  seizures Please rate topic. [step1.medbullets.com]

• Meningism

  About Conjugate Vaccines Conjugate vaccines are largely used to prevent important invasive bacterial diseases such as bacteraemia (bloodstream infection), pneumonia, and meningitis, with the market leader achieving nearly USD3 billion in annual sales [businesswire.com]

  10-CM Diagnosis Code A03.9 Shigellosis, unspecified 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code Applicable To Bacillary dysentery NOS Group A A03.0 ICD-10-CM Codes Adjacent To A03.0 A02.20 Localized salmonella infection, unspecified A02.21 Salmonella meningitis [icd10data.com]

  Meninges — Outer covering of the spinal cord and brain. Infection is called meningitis, which can lead to damage to the brain or spinal cord and lead to death. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Pseudomonas

  […] drug Shigella dysenteriae bioconjugate vaccine INN (International Nonproprietary Name) : - Code name : GVXN SD133 Chemical name or description : polysaccharide component of the Shigella O1 lipopolysaccharide, conjugated to the exotoxin protein A of Pseudomonas [orpha.net]

  METHODS: A novel S. dysenteriae bioconjugate vaccine (GVXN SD133) made of the polysaccharide component of the Shigella O1 lipopolysaccharide, conjugated to the exotoxin protein A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (EPA), was evaluated for immunogenicity and safety [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Some examples include Drosophila, zebrafish, Xenopus, Arabidopsis, C. elegans, Clostridium, Campylobacter, Heliobacter pylori, Hepatitis, HIV, HPV, HSV, Influenza, Klebsiella, M. tuberculosis, Plasmodium, Pseudomonas, RSV, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Salmonella [scbt.com]

  View Article PubMed Google Scholar Masinick SA, Montgomery CP, Montgomery PC, Hazlett LD: Secretory IgA inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa binding to cornea and protects against keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997, 38: 910-918. [bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com]

• Colitis

  unspecified 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code Applicable To Infectious colitis NOS Infectious enteritis NOS Infectious gastroenteritis NOS Type 1 Excludes colitis NOS ( K52.9 ) diarrhea NOS ( R19.7 ) enteritis NOS ( K52.9 ) gastroenteritis [icd10data.com]

  The illness resembled fulminant ulcerative colitis and its infectious nature was difficult to establish because several fecal cultures failed to grow the pathogen. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment failure with ciprofloxacin occurred in six patients who received cefotaxime and amikacin. There were 38 children below 5 yr of age. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Because of the small number of cases in this cluster, the risk of HUS could not be linked to the treatment strategy, although the risk of HUS with antibiotic treatment is still discussed in connection with Shiga toxin—producing E. coli [ 18 ]. [academic.oup.com]

PROGNOSIS AND PREVENTION: Prognosis for those infected is good. This organism can be successfully treated with antibiotics such as ampicillin and ciprofloxacin (in severe cases). Fluids can be given to those individuals suffering from dehydration. [web.uconn.edu]

[…] toxin (enterotoxin) "A" subunit inactivates 60S ribosome kills intestinal cells by inhibiting protein synthesis neurotoxic, cytotoxic, and enterotoxic produced by S. dysenteriae Associated conditions shigellosis (bacillary dysentery) reactive arthritis Prognosis [step1.medbullets.com]

Abstract Summary Shigella Group A, Type 1 ( S. dysenteriae ), was isolated from 18 (35%) of 51 patients with severe dysentery and was considered the etiological agent in those cases. [ajtmh.org]

Publications "Genome dynamics and diversity of Shigella species, the etiologic agents of bacillary dysentery." [uniprot.org]

BACKGROUND: Shigella is the etiological agent of shigellosis, a disease responsible for more than 500,000 deaths of children per year, in developing countries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, he earned a place in the milestones of microbiology by his creative thinking and contributions to research in the etiology, pathogenesis, and immunization of enteric diseases. [cid.oxfordjournals.org]

Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire, 48 (‎25)‎, 254 - 255. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/219422 Журнал Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire, 48 (‎25)‎: 254 - 255 [apps.who.int]

Publication type, MeSH terms Publication type Historical Article MeSH terms Drug Resistance, Bacterial Dysentery, Bacillary/epidemiology* Dysentery, Bacillary/history Dysentery, Bacillary/microbiology* Evolution, Molecular* Genome, Bacterial Global Health [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sites Disease occurs primarily in the left colon and involvement of the terminal ileum is common Disease may occur in other parts of the large bowel Very rarely, fulminant disease occurs because of massive small intestinal invasion (Ikari syndrome) Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

References Pathophysiology of gastrointestinal infections: the role of bismuth subsalicylate. Scottsdale, Arizona, 11-14 February 1988. Proceedings. Rev Infect Dis. 1990;12 Suppl 1:S1-119. Steffen R. [cdc.gov]

Amongst milk compounds, glycosylated proteins prevent the adhesion of many enteropathogens in vitro. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Proper food handling is also an important method of prevention, as well as maintaining clean water supplies, which is highly effective. [web.uconn.edu]