On presentation BCVA was 6/12 OD and 6/6 OS. Fundus examination showed a small yellow round lesion in the fovea of right eye. [journalofoptometry.org]

CASE 1: A 29-year-old man with history of sungazing presented with blurred vision and central scotoma in his left eye (LE) with a best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) limited to 65 letters (ETDRS) associated with a round, yellowish-white discoid lesion [sfo-online.fr]

Symptoms Symptoms commonly present within hours of exposure and include blurry vision and central or paracentral blind spot in one, or more commonly, both eyes. [eyewiki.aao.org]

A 45-year old and a 33-year old male patient presented with a bilateral visual loss (0.63/0.4 and 0.5/0.4). Funduscopic examination revealed bilateral, foveal yellowish dots. Figure 1 shows a pathologic full-field ERG. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Retinal Pigmentation

  This phototoxicity leads to oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelium and the surrounding photoreceptors.. [sfo-online.fr]

  In three of the four patients we have been able to repeat OCT evaluation revealing that the retinal changes were reversible, but delineating mild pathology in the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. [journalofoptometry.org]

  Retinal pigment epithelial cells in the affected area showed plasma membrane changes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum swelling, and changes in lipofuscin granule structure.[10] Pathophysiology The mechanism by which retinal tissue damage occurs in solar [eyewiki.aao.org]

• Excitement

  In returning to the “ground state” energy level, an excited state electron splits a bond within another molecule, forming a free radical.[11] Second, light energy absorption can cause excitation of and direct transfer of energy from an intraretinal chromophore [eyewiki.aao.org]

Management No known beneficial treatment exists for solar retinopathy, although entities such as steroids have been tried without consistent evidence of effectivness. Prevention is through education is paramount. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Visual prognosis after solar retinopathy. Brit. J. Ophthal. 1969; 53: 534-41 ↑ 13.0 13.1 Rothkoff L, Kushelevsky A, Blumenthal M. Solar retinopathy: visual prognosis in 20 cases. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Etiology The disease entity has been recognized, to some degree since the times of Classical Greece[1]. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Ophth Soc. 1987; 85:120-158. ↑ Michels M, Sternberg P, Operating microscope-induced retinal phototocicity: pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and prevention. Surv Ophthalmol. 1990; 34:237-252. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Long VW, Woodruff GH. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Primary prevention Prevention of solar retinopathy is in fact the mainstay of therapy. Primary prevention of solar retinopathy includes refraining from direct sungazing or eclipse viewing. [eyewiki.aao.org]