The present study investigated complaints in the general population in order to evaluate the relevance of a distinction between MUS and MES. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Possible underlying mechanisms are covered and available management options are presented according to current evidence. [birmingham.ac.uk]

• Pain

  Proctalgia Fugax Globus Hystericus Facial Pain -Temporomandibular Dysfunction -Atypical Facial Pain Atypical Chest Pain Psychogenic Itch 13. Proctalgia Fugax • F>M • Backside Pain • ASSociated with sexual activity Globus Hystericus 14. [slideshare.net]

  Gatchel). 2.2 DSM and Pain: When (if ever) is Pain Truely a Psychiatric Disorder? ( Robert Boland). 2.3 Pain Disorder or Just Pain: Can We Escape Dualism? ( Robert G. [wiley.com]

  A history of more than two pain-related functional somatic syndromes (e.g. non-cardiac chest pain) was found in 42% ( n = 21) and functional neurological symptoms (e.g. 'claw-hand') in 42% ( n = 21). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The primary feature of pain disorder is physical pain that causes significant distress or disability or leads an individual to seek medical attention. [minddisorders.com]

• Fatigue

  CHRONIC FATIGUE AND NEURASTHENIA. Chronic Fatigue and Neurasthenia: A Reveiw ( Michael C. Sharpe and Simon Wessely). [wiley.com]

  Abstract The causes of somatoform disorders in children and adolescents and clinical description of various syndromes like hypochondric impairment, non epileptic paroxysmal disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome, trauma and headache are presented in this [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  "Illness beliefs and treatment outcome in chronic fatigue syndrome." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 45: 77-83. Deale, A., T. Chalder, et al. (1998). "Illness beliefs and treatment outcome in chronic fatigue syndrome." [en.wikibooks.org]

• Weakness

  Reduction of health anxiety, bodily weakness, and body scanning significantly predicted an improvement of physical functioning. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  These symptoms include impaired balance, localized weakness, difficulty swallowing, lump in the throat, urinary retention, double vision, blindness, deafness, seizures, and hallucinations. [anchorcounselingcenter.com]

• Malingering

  Read more about Hypochondriasis Malingering Malingering is a mental or psychological disorder that is also commonly referred to as fabricated mental illness, with legal impediments marked by the deliberate intention of an individual to exaggerate their [ietherapy.com]

  MALINGERING Malingering is different from somatization disorder and factitious disorder.  Failure to detect actual cases of malingering imposes a substantial economic burden on the health care system  21. [slideshare.net]

  The diagnosis of somatoform disorders is explained with focus on the role of clinical examination and neuropsychiatric investigation in assisting the differential diagnosis between dissociation, factitious and malingering. [birmingham.ac.uk]

• Movement Disorder

  Module Overview This module introduces the most common clinical presentations of functional (non-organic) neurological symptoms, encompassing psychogenic movement disorders and non-epileptic attacks. [birmingham.ac.uk]

  That a movement is bizarre can be helpful, but still must be considered thoughtfully since organic movement disorders can have endless variety. [semanticscholar.org]

  2 Excludes other stereotyped movement disorder ( F98.4 ) F63.3 ) lalling ( ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code F80.0 Phonological disorder 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code Applicable To Dyslalia Functional speech articulation disorder Lalling Lisping [icd10data.com]

  Term what is Conversion disorder Definition Conversion disorder is marked by the presence of deficits in voluntary motor or sensory functions, including paralysis, blindness, movement disorder, gait disorder, numbness, paresthesia, loss of vision or hearing [flashcardmachine.com]

  Evaluation of clinical diagnostic criteria for psychogenic movement disorders. Mov Disord 2006;21:1163–1168. [PubMed] 35. Stone J, Sharpe M. Functional symptoms in neurology: case studies. Neurol Clin 2006;24:385–403. [PubMed] 36. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cough

  People with this condition may be excessively concerned with a wide range of common, usually minor, symptoms, such as coughing, nausea, dizzy spells, and various aches and pains. [humanillnesses.com]

  The concerns can become preoccupation and involve bodily functions (heartbeat or sweating), minor physical abnormalities (a small sore or occasional cough), or with vague ambiguous sensations (“tired heart” or “aching veins”). [anchorcounselingcenter.com]

• Nausea

  There also may be digestive symptoms, such as nausea and abdominal bloating, or symptoms that involve the reproductive and nervous systems. [humanillnesses.com]

  There is a history of pain related to at least four different sites in the body (including head, abdomen, back, joints, extremities, chest, or rectum) or bodily functions (menstruation, sexual intercourse, urination); two gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea [anchorcounselingcenter.com]

  These causes bring about the state where many of the patients do have chronic headaches, pain in the back, nausea, muscle cramps, and arthritis. [psyweb.com]

  Susan met criteria with 2 years of complaints of recurrent aches and pains, pain with urination, nausea, and constipation. CFS was in the differential diagnosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Anxiety and somatic complaints in children with recurrent abdominal pain and anxiety disorders. J Pediatr Psychol. 2009; 34(2): 176–86. 24. Cruz N, O'Reilly J, Slomine BS, Salorio CF. [degruyter.com]

  The most common somatoform disorders in children and adolescents are recurrent abdominal pain and tension headache. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The symptoms of somatization disorder can include chronic headache, fatigue and other severe neurological symptoms; chronic digestive symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea; or sexual symptoms such as loss of sexual desire [questia.com]

  The DSM-IV divides pain disorders into those associated with psychological factors, those with both psychological and medical factors, and those in which the medical condition is the major factor in the pain symptom. [7] Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Diarrhea

  […] related to at least four different sites in the body (including head, abdomen, back, joints, extremities, chest, or rectum) or bodily functions (menstruation, sexual intercourse, urination); two gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, bloating, vomiting, diarrhea [anchorcounselingcenter.com]

  The symptoms of somatization disorder can include chronic headache, fatigue and other severe neurological symptoms; chronic digestive symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea; or sexual symptoms such as loss of sexual desire [questia.com]

  Somatoform disorders may include the following: Somatization Disorder: A disorder in which a person experiences physical complaints such as diarrhea, headaches, premature ejaculation, or ones that do not have a physical cause. [disabled-world.com]

  These are called somatization disorder, hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder, and conversion disorder. 4.Somatization disorder causes pain, as well as symptoms including headache, fatigue, a variety of stomach problems including nausea and diarrhea [ssdrc.com]

  […] several years, and including at least two gastrointestinal complaints, four pain symptoms, one pseudoneurologic problem, and one sexual symptom ( Table 2 ). 1 For example, a patient might have chronic abdominal complaints (e.g., abdominal cramping, diarrhea [aafp.org]

• Constipation

  The symptoms of somatization disorder can include chronic headache, fatigue and other severe neurological symptoms; chronic digestive symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea; or sexual symptoms such as loss of sexual desire [questia.com]

  Other symptoms include: Digestive symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea). Sexual symptoms (such as pain during sexual activity, loss of sexual desire, and extremely painful periods in women). [familydoctor.org]

  […] include the following types according to DSM IV This includes the following: Somatization disorder This is characterized by physical symptoms without any physical cause,it has some different symptoms such as; pain fatigue Nausea Diarrhea Vomiting Headache Constipation [lecturio.com]

  These symptoms can include the following: Pain Fatigue Nausea Diarrhea Vomiting Headache Constipation Abdominal pain Painful intercourse Painful menstruation People with Somatoform Disorders and Indications of a Serious or Life-threatening Condition People [disabled-world.com]

  Susan met criteria with 2 years of complaints of recurrent aches and pains, pain with urination, nausea, and constipation. CFS was in the differential diagnosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Dyspepsia

  The syndromes summarized include fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, motility disorders of the esophagus, nonulcer dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, urethral syndrome, behaviors causing disturbances of physiology, and some defined pain syndromes. [karger.com]

  This breaks down the distinction between somatoform disorders and functional disorders in other areas of medicine, e.g., irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia as seen in gastroenterology (Mayer and Tillisch 2011). [oxfordbibliographies.com]

• Chest Pain

  A history of more than two pain-related functional somatic syndromes (e.g. non-cardiac chest pain) was found in 42% ( n = 21) and functional neurological symptoms (e.g. 'claw-hand') in 42% ( n = 21). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Proctalgia Fugax Globus Hystericus Facial Pain -Temporomandibular Dysfunction -Atypical Facial Pain Atypical Chest Pain Psychogenic Itch 13. Proctalgia Fugax • F>M • Backside Pain • ASSociated with sexual activity Globus Hystericus 14. [slideshare.net]

  A chest pain; for example, might be caused by stress and no physical disease is found. It is well known that the mind can cause physical symptoms. [disabled-world.com]

  Mayou, R., Bryant, B., Clark, D., et al ( 1994 ) Referrals to a cardiac clinic for chest pain and palpitations. British Heart Journal, 72, 548 – 553. [bjp.rcpsych.org]

  Among these are patients with chronic fatigue, FM, TMJ disorder, chronic headache, IBS, irritable bladder, and regional pain syndromes (such as non-cardiac chest pain). [practicalpainmanagement.com]

• Palpitations

  Anxiety and depression are also common reasons to develop physical symptoms such as a 'thumping heart' (palpitations), aches and pains, etc. Often the physical symptoms go when emotional and mental factors ease. [patient.info]

  When a person is anxious or afraid; for example, they might develop: Tremor Nausea Sweating Dry mouth Headaches Chest pains Palpitations Increased heart rate A, 'knot,' in the stomach Increased breathing rate The physical symptoms are due to increased [disabled-world.com]

  While it was reported that the most common somatic symptoms of depression include pain, fatigue, tiredness, dazedness, shortness of breath, palpitation, gastrointestinal complaints, tingling in several regions of the body, and sexual dysfunction, it should [dusunenadamdergisi.org]

  Mayou, R., Bryant, B., Clark, D., et al ( 1994 ) Referrals to a cardiac clinic for chest pain and palpitations. British Heart Journal, 72, 548 – 553. [bjp.rcpsych.org]

• Back Pain

  Disorder Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder Question 4: People with Somatization Disorder often do not complain about which of the following: cardiovascular pain lower back pain gastrointestinal pain pulmonary symptoms neurological symptoms Question 5: [allthetests.com]

  Effects of recreational physical activity and back exercises on low back pain and psychological distress: findings from the UCLA Low Back Pain Study. American Journal of Public Health, 95, 1817-1824. Huygen, FJ.A. (2006). [richtlijnendatabase.nl]

  Pain, 62, 363-372. Vlaeyen, J.W.S., Kole-Snijders, A.M.J., Boeren, R.G.B., & Eek, H. van (1995). Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance. [mijn.bsl.nl]

  For example, stress can cause some people to develop headaches, chest pain, back pain, nausea or fatigue. Disorders where somatization manifests range from somatic symptom disorder (previously called somatization disorder) to malingering. [news-medical.net]

  But, stress and other mental health problems can cause many other physical symptoms such as: Chest pains Tiredness Dizziness Back pain Feeling sick (nauseated) The term psychosomatic disorder means something similar to somatisation but includes other [patient.info]

• Sweating

  The concerns can become preoccupation and involve bodily functions (heartbeat or sweating), minor physical abnormalities (a small sore or occasional cough), or with vague ambiguous sensations (“tired heart” or “aching veins”). [anchorcounselingcenter.com]

  Instead, they tend to overreact to minor physical symptoms or sensations, like rapid heartbeat, sweating, small sores or fatigue. [minddisorders.com]

  When a person is anxious or afraid; for example, they might develop: Tremor Nausea Sweating Dry mouth Headaches Chest pains Palpitations Increased heart rate A, 'knot,' in the stomach Increased breathing rate The physical symptoms are due to increased [disabled-world.com]

  While muscle pain, fatigue, diarrhea, dazedness and abdominal swelling are observed in diffuse anxiety disorder, typical symptoms of panic disorder include shortness of breath, sensation of chest pressure and pain, sweating, drowning sensation and palpitation [dusunenadamdergisi.org]

  […] sometimes caused by stress, although this cause is probably overrated, because there first should be excluded the occult reversible causes such as oxyuriasis, drug dermatitis, candidiasis, neoplasia, nocturnal pruritus outbreaks accompanied by itching and sweating [go.galegroup.com]

• Pruritus

  The diagnosis of psychogenic pruritus is determined after eliminating any other causes of pruritus, so it is a diagnosis of exclusion. [go.galegroup.com]

• Pelvic Pain

  Randomized placebo controlled trial of lofexidine hydrochloride for chronic pelvic pain in women. Human Reproduction, 16, 1719-1721. Stones, R.W., Cheong, Y.C., & Howard, F.M. (2005). Interventions for treating chronic pelvic pain in women. [richtlijnendatabase.nl]

  They found significant links with functional gastrointestinal disorders, nonspecific chronic pain, psychogenic seizures, and chronic pelvic pain. [goodmedicine.org.uk]

  One evening, she was overcome by pelvic pains that left her doubled over and faint. [bridgestorecovery.com]

  CLINICAL FEATURESCLINICAL FEATURES  Low back pain, headache, atypical facialLow back pain, headache, atypical facial pain, chronic pelvic pain, and other kinds ofpain, chronic pelvic pain, and other kinds of pain.pain.  Patients with pain disorder often [slideshare.net]

  /myalgic encephalomyelitis, fibromyalgia, chronic pelvic pain, multiple chemical sensitivity). [en.wikibooks.org]

• Dyspareunia

  "visions" during religious ceremony) � Symptoms not result of a psychoactive substance � Symptoms not limited to pain ( = pain disorder) � Symptoms not limited to pain during sexual intercourse ( = dyspareunia) 5 Somatoform Disorders con�d Conversion [www2.hawaii.edu]

  F52.6 Dyspareunia not due to a substance or known p... F52.8 Other sexual dysfunction not due to a substan... F52.9 Unspecified sexual dysfunction not due to a s... [icd10data.com]

   The pain is not better accounted for by aThe pain is not better accounted for by a mood, anxiety, or psychotic disorder andmood, anxiety, or psychotic disorder and does not meet criteria for dyspareunia.does not meet criteria for dyspareunia. 62. [slideshare.net]

  The prevalence of dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and irritable bowel syndrome in primary care practices. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 87, 55-58. Jarrell, J.F, Vilos, G.A., Allaire, C., e.a. (2005). [richtlijnendatabase.nl]

• Amenorrhea

  A variety of conditions come under this diagnosis, including pseudocyesis, the mistaken belief of being pregnant based on actual signs of pregnancy (e.g., expanding abdomen without eversion of the umbilicus, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, feeling fetal movement [aafp.org]

  […] compared with individual requirements; recurrent episodes of binge eating or behavior intended to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, or misuse of laxatives; mood disturbances, social withdrawal, or irritability; amenorrhea [ssa.gov]

• Dysmenorrhea

  Gastrointestinal (two) Pseudoneurologic (one) Bloating Amnesia Diarrhea Aphonia Food intolerance Blindness Nausea Difficulty swallowing Vomiting Double vision Pain (four) Impaired coordination Abdominal Loss of consciousness Back Paralysis Chest Paresthesias Dysmenorrhea [aafp.org]

  Dysmenorrhea: contemporary perspectives. Pain Clinical Updates, 15, issue 8. UWV (2005). Ziektediagnosen bij uitkeringen voor arbeidsongeschiktheid. [richtlijnendatabase.nl]

• Headache

  Abstract The causes of somatoform disorders in children and adolescents and clinical description of various syndromes like hypochondric impairment, non epileptic paroxysmal disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome, trauma and headache are presented in this [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  They believe a painful stomach or a slight headache is a sign of a serious illness such as stomach cancer or a brain tumor. Hypochondriasis is probably the most popular of all somatoform disorders, yet it is the least understood. [questia.com]

  The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced the onset of a headache and has no history of headaches. When talking with the nurse, the patient states, “I am sure this is a brain tumor.” Which condition should the nurse anticipate? 1. [flashcardmachine.com]

  The person sometimes will also believe that their headache is a brain tumor or their sore throat, the Ebola virus. In hypochondriasis, these physical symptoms have psychological roots. 2. [appsychology.com]

  A person with hypochondriasis may interpret a headache as a brain tumor, or muscle soreness as a sign of impending paralysis. [disabled-world.com]

• Dizziness

  People with this condition may be excessively concerned with a wide range of common, usually minor, symptoms, such as coughing, nausea, dizzy spells, and various aches and pains. [humanillnesses.com]

  A patient states she has been ill for several months with stomach pain, headache, and dizziness. A review of records shows that she has been tested repeatedly for various conditions, yet no clinical diagnosis has been found. [flashcardmachine.com]

  There is no physical identifiable cause of the disease though there may be physical symptoms such as nauseas, depression, pain, and dizziness. Somatoform disorder is also known as briquet's syndrome, Pain disorder, or Body dysmorphic disorder. [psyweb.com]

  SSD commonly involves multiple complaints, such as headaches, dizziness, chest pain, abdominal pain, and limb pain. If the only complaint is pain, it is categorized as SSD with Predominant Pain. [intropsych.com]

• Paresthesia

  Term what is Conversion disorder Definition Conversion disorder is marked by the presence of deficits in voluntary motor or sensory functions, including paralysis, blindness, movement disorder, gait disorder, numbness, paresthesia, loss of vision or hearing [flashcardmachine.com]

  Disorder Gastrointestinal (two) Pseudoneurologic (one) Bloating Amnesia Diarrhea Aphonia Food intolerance Blindness Nausea Difficulty swallowing Vomiting Double vision Pain (four) Impaired coordination Abdominal Loss of consciousness Back Paralysis Chest Paresthesias [aafp.org]

  […] schedule monthly visits and psychotherapy avoid unecessary diagnostic testing unless indicated Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurologic Symptom Disorder) Snapshot A 23-year-old woman presents to her physician's office with paralysis of the left arm and paresthesias [medbullets.com]

  Somatoform itching is part of a family of functional mucocutaneous skin disorders with psychogenic pain, paresthesia, vulvodynia, stomatodynia, glossodynia. (1) In women, the vulva and the perianal itching are recognized as manifestations of psychogenic [go.galegroup.com]

• Mental Distress

  These physical symptoms cause an individual extreme mental distress and significant impairment in everyday functioning. [therecoveryvillage.com]

CONCLUSIONS: Among allergy workup patients with SFDs we found considerable MT. This indicates that SFD patients may tend to mistake correlation for causality in a more general way, and not just in an illness-related context. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Following a negative medical workup, she was admitted to a psychiatry inpatient unit, where she began talking upon arrival. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Adults who present with a somatoform disorder for the first time in their life should undergo a full diagnostic workup to exclude occult organic medical conditions. [lecturio.com]

Diagnosis of somatoform disorders requires a thorough physical workup to exclude medical and neurological conditions, or to assess their severity in patients with pain disorder. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Somatoform disorders can confound a diagnosis, consume inordinate amounts of treatment time, and may cause treatment failure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis • The course of this disorder is usually episodic with episodes that last from months to years • There may be an obvious association between exacerbation of somatic symptoms and psychological stressors • A good prognosis is associated with: [slideshare.net]

Therefore, the comparison of the different approaches concerning long-term prognosis of disorder-relevant factors is of special interest. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Recently, cognitive decline, including executive dysfunction, has been reported as an etiological factor of late-life SDs. The response to treatment for late-life SDs varies from one patient to another. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] treatment is promising Etiology and Tx of Dissociative Disorders con�d Etiology of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) � Biological : trauma interferes with unifying cognition, emotion, and motivation � Psychoanalytic: massive repression due to severe [www2.hawaii.edu]

They focus on a hyperirritable nervous system of unknown etiology. There is no endorsement by Practical Pain Management regarding the authors' theories, conclusions, terminology, or treatment. [practicalpainmanagement.com]

KEYWORDS: elderly; epidemiology; somatoform disorders [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Somatic Presentations of Mental Disorders provides a fascinating and practical review of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this ill-defined category ... View Product [ x ] close [barnesandnoble.com]

[…] and Wolfgang Hiller Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University, D55122 Mainz, Germany; email: [email protected]; [email protected] Sections Abstract Key Words INTRODUCTION AIMS OF THE REVIEW PHENOMENOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY [annualreviews.org]

"Epidemiology of fibromyalgia." Current Pain & Headache Reports 7: 362-368. Nimnuan, C., M. Hotopf, et al. (2001). "Medically unexplained symptoms: an epidemiological study in seven specialities." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 51: 361-367. [en.wikibooks.org]

Recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of somatoform disorders Patients with a somatoform disorder were found to have a smaller amygdala volume compared to healthy subjects. [lecturio.com]

 Some patients, the pathophysiology of theSome patients, the pathophysiology of the disorder may involve serotonin and may bedisorder may involve serotonin and may be related to other mental disorders.related to other mental disorders.  Stereotyped [slideshare.net]

In “somatizers” who frequently present one or multiple somatic complaints, no pathological or pathophysiological mechanisms associated with somatic complaints can be generally determined despite detailed examinations and workups. [dusunenadamdergisi.org]

Ulrike Raap, Sonja Stander, Martin Metz, Pathophysiology of Itch and New Treatments, Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, october 2011, http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/749608 (11.) [go.galegroup.com]

Multiple chemical hypersensitivity Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia, have been more extensively researched than most other functional somatic syndromes, which has led to specific pathophysiological [en.wikibooks.org]

We have also discussed the standardized methods of prevention, differential diagnosis and treatment of somatoform diseases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] time Focus on functionality, symptom management, and non-narcotic therapy Hypochondriasis no Fearful of disease; preoccupied with symptoms; not reassured Multiple symptoms over time; misinterpretation of normal sensations, may have unusual health and prevention [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]