The characteristic barking cough and hoarseness may be present, but there is no stridor at rest. A total score of 3–5 is classified as moderate croup. It presents with easily heard stridor, but with few other signs. [en.wikipedia.org]

Clinical Presentation This condition typically presents in children ages 6 to 36 months. Younger children typically present with hoarseness and a barking cough, whereas signs of lower airway disease are rarely seen. [hosppeds.aappublications.org]

Most children presenting to general practitioners will fall within this category. As illustrated in Scenario 1 ( Box 3 ), there may be mild chest-wall retractions and mild tachycardia, but stridor at rest will not be present. [mja.com.au]

The child presenting with croup has usually been healthy until the time of presentation and, with the possible exception of reactive airway disease or asthma, is no more likely to have underlying conditions than the general pediatric population. [clinicaladvisor.com]

The characteristic barky cough is present, but there are no other signs of viral illness. The child is perfectly fine the next morning, only to have a repeat of symptoms the next 2 or 3 nights. Hospitalization is rarely required. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• High Fever

  In most cases, croup is a mild condition but if your baby has severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, rapid breathing and heart rate, high fever and tight skin around the ribs and chest, seek urgent medical attention. [medic8.com]

  A high fever persists despite giving acetaminophen or ibuprofen. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Stridor (+), Cough (all of time), Fever (+) high, duration 2-7 days, Family history (+), Predisposition by asthma (-). B. [doktermudatrader.blogspot.com]

  Bacterial tracheitis "Classic" presentation: · “Viral” prodrome (1-3 days): rhinorrhea, low-grade fever, cough, and sore throat · Rapid evolution to toxic-appearing child with high fever, cough (50-100%), and acutely-worsening stridor (65-95%) · Adherent [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

  Symptoms suggesting this illness include painful swallowing or refusal to eat, drooling, sudden onset with no other upper respiratory symptoms such as runny nose and cough, and high fever. [healthcentral.com]

• Cough

  When the voice box and upper airway organs become inflamed, there is slight fever and a croupy cough. Severe inflammation causes barking, noisy inspiration and a metallic cough. [standardfirstaidcourses.ca]

  Coughing is sometimes severe at night or when the child is crying or excited and happens with loud and raspy breathing. Coughing is similar to the barking of a seal. [standardfirstaidtraining.com]

  As the upper airway becomes more inflamed and swollen, the child may become hoarse, with a harsh, barking cough. This loud cough, which is characteristic of croup. [ufmcpueblo.com]

  Symptoms Croup features a cough that sounds like a seal barking. Most children have what appears to be a mild cold for several days before the barking cough becomes evident. [herbmuseum.ca]

  As evening approaches an occasional hollow, barking, evidently painful cough is noticed and the voice is very hoarse; toward midnight the cough becomes more brazen and more frequent and the breathing difficult. [chestofbooks.com]

• Stridor

  Our results show that stridor in this patient was due to dynamic inspiratory constriction of the vocal cords. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  When you should think about other causes of “recurrent croup” – that it might NOT BE CROUP : stridor lasts for hours stridor that lasts for longer than the infection severe stridor that requires multiple ER visits severe stridor that requires hospitalization [boogordoctor.com]

  The characteristic barking cough and hoarseness may be present, but there is no stridor at rest. A total score of 3–5 is classified as moderate croup. It presents with easily heard stridor, but with few other signs. [en.wikipedia.org]

  The primary distinction: stridor is a sign of airway obstruction, whereas croup is a syndrome that can cause stridor. [americannursetoday.com]

• Sore Throat

  Initially, the child has no associated signs and symptoms of the infection, for example, fever, runny nose, or sore throat. [rxlist.com]

  Ways in preventing viral infections that causes croup Wash hands properly especially after blowing the nose and also wash hands thoroughly after taking care of a person who has a cold, cough or sore throat. [standardfirstaidtraining.com]

  The child also may have a low-grade fever or a mild sore throat. Later, the virus spreads farther down the throat. The linings of the voice box and windpipe become red, swollen, narrowed and irritated. [saludmovil.com]

• Sneezing

  Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person by droplets produced when an ill person coughs, sneezes or talks. Flu viruses also may spread when people touch something with the virus on it and then touch their mouth, eyes or nose. [healthtap.com]

  Croup Prevention The infectious virus is most commonly transmitted by coughing or sneezing. Touching objects contaminated with infectious viral particles also allows transmission of the virus. [medicinenet.com]

  If you're not sure it's croup Symptoms Possible cause Runny nose, sneezing, cough and temperature Cold Cold-like symptoms, wheezing, rapid breathing, not feeding Bronchiolitis Cold-like symptoms with bouts of coughing – your child may "whoop" when breathing [nhs.uk]

  Under these conditions, the virus spreads easily through coughing and sneezing. It also can travel on dirty hands and on things that have had contact with fluids from a sick person’s nose or mouth. [saludmovil.com]

  Promptly dispose of dirty tissues from runny noses and sneezes. Ask anyone with a cough or cold to avoid kissing or playing with your child. [drugs.com]

• Labored Breathing

  As the cough gets more frequent, the child may have labored breathing or stridor (a harsh, crowing noise made during inspiration). Croup is typically much worse at night. [herbmuseum.ca]

  Get medical help right away if your child: Makes a noisy, high-pitched sound when she breathes in (doctors call this “stridor”) Starts drooling or has trouble swallowing Is constantly cranky, irritable, or uncomfortable Has very hard, labored breathing [m.webmd.com]

  Children with croup usually experience cold-like symptoms for a few days before developing the barking cough, hoarseness, wheezing and labored breathing. Croup usually lasts for a few days to one week. [livestrong.com]

  Call your doctor or get immediate medical care if your child: has trouble breathing, including very fast or labored breathing is too out of breath to talk or walk has pulling in of the neck and chest muscles when breathing has stridor that is getting [teenshealth.org]

• Overeating

  The exciting causes are exposure to cold, dampness, and high winds, overeating, and indigestion and constipation. An attack may come on suddenly or be preceded by hoarseness or by the symptoms of nasal catarrh. [chestofbooks.com]

  In over 30 years of pediatric practice I have only had two tracheotomies performed during this period of time. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

  Even when an office visit is not necessary, doctors and nurses may diagnose croup by attentively listening to the characteristic cough over the phone. [healthline.com]

• Diarrhea

  A diarrhea, in which the food is discharged imperfectly digested, or with but little change. [archaicmedicalterms.com]

  Ceftriaxone may cause mild diarrhea frequently, and can cause allergic responses including anaphylaxis in patients allergic to β-lactam compounds. Cindamycin is generally a benign drug. [clinicaladvisor.com]

• Redness of Eye

  […] being red or blue in the face. [draxe.com]

• Skin Disease

  [CancerWEB] Lepra The term lepra was formerly given to various skin diseases, the leprosy of modern authors being Lepra Arabum. [archaicmedicalterms.com]

• Excitement

  The breathing is slow and labored and any excitement or effort increases the difficulty. The voice is hoarse but not lost. The cough has a characteristic brazen tone. [chestofbooks.com]

  Symptoms of spasmodic croup Coughing is sometimes severe at night or when the child is crying or excited and happens with loud and raspy breathing. [standardfirstaidtraining.com]

  Usually spasmodic croup becomes worse at night or when the child is crying or excited. After several hours the severity of spasm diminishes. By morning the spasms have largely disappeared and only mild hoarseness and loose cough remain. [tandurust.com]

  […] brain bronchial bronchitis calomel cause cavity cerebral chest chronic chronic laryngitis clavicle cold colour coma common commonly complication congestion cough crepitation croup cure diagnosis dilatation disease doses dulness dyspnoea effusion empyema excitement [books.google.ro]

(See Prognosis, Clinical, and Workup.) Patient education For patient education information, see the Lung Disease and Respiratory Health Center, as well as Croup. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Differential Diagnosis of Children with Severe Respiratory Symptoms Condition History Physical examination Workup Common etiologies Angioedema Detailed questioning to identify the offending antigen Swelling of face and neck Epicutaneous skin testing or [aafp.org]

Treatment, and response to treatment, are also similar. Bacterial croup may be divided into laryngeal diphtheria, bacterial tracheitis, laryngotracheobronchitis, and laryngotracheobronchopneumonitis. [en.wikipedia.org]

No child was clinically worse 2 h after treatment than before treatment. [bmb.oxfordjournals.org]

Treatment Treatment for croup will depend on the severity of the symptoms. In some cases, treatment may just involve inhaling a cool mist as was done in the olden days when treatment options were limited. [medic8.com]

Since, in most cases, the pediatrician will be able to differentiate between LT and SC at admission by history and clinical signs, it seems that steroid treatment should be avoided in cases of LT and may be of benefit in some cases of SC. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

(See Prognosis, Clinical, and Workup.) Patient education For patient education information, see the Lung Disease and Respiratory Health Center, as well as Croup. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prognosis: —The prognosis is good, death seldom occurring from spasmodic croup. Treatment: —The treatment of the inflammatory form is simple and effectual, the entire train of symptoms may be abated in some cases by the use of aconite alone. [henriettes-herb.com]

Prognosis: Viral croup is usually a self-limited disease The prognosis for croup is excellent, and recovery is almost always complete. [slideshare.net]

Croup is the most common etiology for hoarseness, cough, and onset of acute stridor in febrile children. Symptoms of coryza may be absent, mild, or marked. [emedicine.medscape.com]

An allergic etiology is suspected. Antihistamines are sometimes helpful. References in periodicals archive ? Corticosteroid treatment of laryngotracheitis vs spasmodic croup in children. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Among the noninfectious etiologies of this syndrome are foreign body aspiration, trauma (eg, due to intubation), and allergic reaction (eg, acute angioneurotic edema). [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

(See Etiology, Epidemiology, Prognosis, Clinical, and Treatment.) Croup manifests as hoarseness, a seal-like barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and a variable degree of respiratory distress. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Studies suggest a specific association between croup and the novel coronavirus NL63. [ 4 ] Epidemiology Croup most often affects children aged 6 months to 3 years, with a peak incidence during the second year of life. [patient.info]

Changing epidemiology of life-threatening upper airway infections: the reemergence of bacterial tracheitis. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):1418–1421. 22. Chan A, Langley J, Leblanc J. Interobserver variability of croup scoring in clinical practice. [aafp.org]

The most common secondary bacterial pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and S. pneumoniae 18. pathophysiology 19. pathophysiology • Like most respiratory infections, the initial site of infection is thought to be the nasopharynx [slideshare.net]

Pathophysiology The infection causes inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lung parenchyma. Obstruction caused by swelling and inflammatory exudates develops and becomes pronounced in the subglottic region. [merckmanuals.com]

Pathophysiology Viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) causes nasopharyngeal inflammation that may spread to the larynx and trachea, causing subglottal inflammation, oedema and compromise of the airway at its narrowest portion. [patient.info]

Pathophysiology Subglottic infection, inflammation and edema Tracheal edema at the most narrow aspect of a child's airway Subglottic area is 4 mm in a typical infant (and croup may decrease this to 2 mm area) Every mm of airway area lost results in a [fpnotebook.com]

Make sure hot water vaporizers should be out of reach of children in order to help prevent accidental burns. [standardfirstaidcourses.ca]

Prevention To help prevent viral infections that can cause croup: Wash your hands frequently, especially after you blow your nose. Also, wash your hands after you care for someone who has a cough, cold or sore throat. [drugs.com]

Her pediatrician diagnosed asthma and she began to use albuterol and Flovent, which the doctor said would prevent scar tissue from developing in her lungs. [inside.akronchildrens.org]

Repeat this remedy to reduce symptoms of croup in babies. 11 Home Remedies For Croup Treatment & Prevention Tips Prevention Tips Before we move ahead towards the prevention tips lets recall the reasons what causes croup. [homeremediesblog.com]