Primary testicular failure occurs in approximately 1% of all men, and is present in 10% of those obtaining medical consultation for infertility. [wellinghomeopathy.com]

presenting with spermatogenic failure. [abdominalkey.com]

Definition / general Biopsy indicated for azoospermia (no sperm present) without endocrine abnormalities, since biopsies may show focal spermatogenesis Most biopsies have 3 - 5 lobules plus septa of tunica albuginea Usually see many spermatozoa, "perfect [pathologyoutlines.com]

In hypospermatogenesis all the stages of spermatogenesis are present in some or all tubules, but they are reduced in number. [omicsonline.org]

Men may be offered a testis biopsy to define whether an obstruction or spermatogenic failure is present. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Hemophilia A

  A, 306700 (3)- F8 Hemophilia B, 306900 (3)- F9 Hemorrhage, intracerebral, susceptibility to, 614519 (3)- COL4A1 Hemorrhagic diathesis due to antithrombin Pittsburgh, 613490 (3)- SERPINA1 Hepatic adenoma, somatic, 142330 (3)- HNF1A Hepatic lipase deficiency [rcpa.edu.au]

  Factor V Leiden CPT CODE: 81241 Panel of Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin CPT CODE: 81241, 81240 Panel of Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin and MTHFR CPT CODE: 81241, 81240, 81291 Go to top FACTOR XI DEFICIENCY (Hemophilia C, Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent [chginc.org]

  Due To Glucose Phosphate Isomerase Deficiency 1 Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Familial, 2 2 Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Familial, 3 2 Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Familial, 4 2 Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Familial, 5 2 Hemophilia [preventiongenetics.com]

• Thyroid Nodule

  nodules; and new coverage of when and when not to use radioiodine in the treatment of patients with thyroid cancer. [books.google.de]

• Collapse

  The following results were obtained: (1) The slope model collapsed when it was excited by the sine wave of 350gal, which was converted to real field scale. (2) Artificial discontinuities considerably affected the collapse, and the type of collapse was [worldwidescience.org]

• Pathologist

  Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease is written from the unique perspective of the clinical pathologist. [books.google.com]

• Virilization

  Affected men have severely reduced sperm counts and are under-virilized [ 7, 10 ]. Cryptorchidism is more common in men with klinefelter syndrome and causes more severe testicular damage [ 11 ]. [omicsonline.org]

• Visual Impairment

  […] disease, 117000 (3)- RYR1 Central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, 209880 (3)- RET Central hypoventilation syndrome, congenital, with or without Hirschsprung disease, 209880 (3)- PHOX2B Centronuclear myopathy 1, 160150 (3)- DNM2 Cerebellar atrophy, visual [rcpa.edu.au]

• Aura

  613980 (3) KCNJ2 600681 Long QT syndrome-7, 170390 (3) KCNJ2 600681 Short QT syndrome-3, 609622 (3) KCNJ5 600734 Hyperaldosteronism, familial, type III, 613677 (3) KCNJ5 600734 Long QT syndrome 13, 613485 (3) KCNK18 613655 {Migraine, with or without aura [usegalaxy.org]

  […] top CADASIL GENE: NOTCH3 CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION: 19p13.2-p13.1 MODE OF INHERITANCE: autosomal dominant Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is characterized by a history of migraine with aura [chginc.org]

"CUA Guideline: The workup of azoospermic males". Canadian Urological Association Journal. 4 (3): 163–7. doi : 10.5489/cuaj.10050. PMC 2874589. PMID 20514278. ^ a b Dohle, Gert R (2010). [en.wikipedia.org]

Workup Laboratory Studies Men undergoing evaluation for infertility typically undergo hormonal evaluation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone studies. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin testing are not routinely necessary. [emedicine.medscape.com]

References Schlegel PN (1991) How to do a workup for male infertility. Med Aspect Hum Sexuality 25: 28-34. [omicsonline.org]

Current status of the molecular diagnosis of Y chromosome microdeletions in the workup of male infertility. Hum Reprod 1998; 13(7): 1764-1768. 28. Pryor JL, Kent-First MG, Muallem A, Van Bergen AH, Nolten WE, Meisner L, et al. [indianjurol.com]

Thus, SYCP3 testing may be considered in the workup for women with recurrent pregnancy loss, and in males with non-obstructive azoospermia. Our laboratory offers DNA sequencing of all coding exons (2-9) of the SYCP3 gene. [chginc.org]

[…] nodules; and new coverage of when and when not to use radioiodine in the treatment of patients with thyroid cancer. [books.google.de]

Treatment of Sertoli cell-only syndrome A customised Homeopathy treatment at Welling Clinic has proven to act at the deepest level, stimulating the germ cells and thus helping in the treatment of Sertoli cell-only syndrome. [wellinghomeopathy.com]

Modifiable lifestyle factors can have an impact on male fertility, but medical treatments have a limited value in enhancing semen quality. Most treatments are based on assisted fertilisation techniques, rather than treatment of the underlying cause. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

It was initially reported in 1993 in cases of obstructive azoospermia and later used for treatment of men with spermatogenic failure. [abdominalkey.com]

Of note, a subset of men within this cohort, patients with normal volume testes (greater than 15 cc) and FSH levels between 10 and 15 IU/L, have a much poorer prognosis, with a retrieval rate of 5.9%. [abdominalkey.com]

Although the prognosis for sperm retrieval is poor for patients with large deletions involving AZF region a or b, the results of Y chromosome deletion analysis cannot absolutely predict the absence of sperm. References 1. [auanet.org]

AZFc micro-deletions have a good prognosis for surgical sperm recovery whereas the prognostic value for sperm recovery in AZFa and AZFb micro-deletions is poor[ 51 ] and such individuals should not be offered surgical sperm retrieval. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Evaluation The evaluation of a patient with azoospermia is performed to determine the etiology, prognosis, treatment options and counseling. [omicsonline.org]

This triggers progressive organ dysfunction, immune system activation and profound metabolic derangements, creating a milieu similar to other chronic systemic diseases and presenting as advanced HF with severely limited prognosis. [worldwidescience.org]

The seminiferous tubules are lined by Sertoli cells which may resemble immature (prepubertal) or mature Sertoli cells, or have other changes which may correlate with specific etiologies and clinical findings. [wellinghomeopathy.com]

Testicular etiologies (primary testicular failure) involve disorders of spermatogenesis intrinsic to the testes. [auanet.org]

We are working on primary testicular failure on various etiological aspects, including genotype phenotype co-relation using array CGH. [omicsonline.org]

Surgical Sperm Retrieval Rates According to Etiology of Spermatogenic Failure Given the success noted with surgical sperm retrieval, attention has turned to delineating the likelihood of retrieval according to the presumed cause of spermatogenic failure [abdominalkey.com]

[…] effect of vitrectomy gauge (20-, 23-, and 25- gauge and vitreous cutting rate (1,500 and 5,000 cuts per minute on the viability of bacterial culture was evaluated in an in vitro prospective laboratory investigation.Main outcome measures: Comparison of etiology [worldwidescience.org]

Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease is a comprehensive reference that examines virus-induced clinical disease of humans in the context of the responsible virus and its epidemiology. [books.google.com]

Epidemiology of male infertility It is difficult to estimate the prevalence of male infertility in the general population, as reported fertility rates are dependent upon numerous factors, such as coital frequency, and do not necessarily reflect biological [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

However, the effects of repeat testing on HIV epidemiology needs to be explored. [worldwidescience.org]

In order to understand the pathophysiologic basis of acute respiratory failure, an understanding of pulmonary gas exchange is essential. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Mast cells releasing inflammatory mediators appear to directly suppress sperm motility in a potentially reversible manner, and may be a common pathophysiological mechanism for many causes leading to inflammation. [5] Testicular azoospermia is a kind of [en.wikipedia.org]

This initial information should excite more specific work to explore underlying pathophysiology and pathways that in future could help in understanding and managing primary testicular failure. [omicsonline.org]

Romeo C, Santoro G (2009) Varicocele and infertility: why a prevention? J Endocrinol Invest 32: 559-561. [omicsonline.org]

Since certain Y deletion are associated with a progressive change from oligospermia to azoospermia, [29] preventive therapy (cryoconservation) of sperm for successive assisted reproduction techniques could be proposed to affected sons. [40] Although substantial [indianjurol.com]

An algorithm that can reliably discriminate between ventricular tachyarrhythmias and noise due to lead failure may prevent patient discomfort and anxiety and avoid device-induced proarrhythmia by preventing inappropriate ICD shocks. [worldwidescience.org]

For some samples, the same or similar number of CAG triplet repeats in the androgen receptor gene on both copies of the X chromosome prevents the determination of the X- inactivation ratio. [chginc.org]