A 22-year-old Chinese woman with HWWS whose left uterine pregnancy underwent spontaneous abortion presented with a right perforated obstructed hemivagina and right renal agenesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Recurrent Abdominal Pain

  It is usually diagnosed after menarche, with a clinical presentation of dysmenorrhea, recurrent abdominal pain, and irregular menses. However, it is rare to diagnose it during pregnancy, subsequently resulting in spontaneous abortion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Vaginal Bleeding

  A woman at 6-8 weeks' gestation presented with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Although afebrile, the patient was hypotensive, tachycardic, and tachypneic. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  bleeding occurring before 20 wk gestation without cervical dilation and indicating that spontaneous abortion may occur Inevitable Vaginal bleeding or rupture of the membranes accompanied by dilation of the cervix Incomplete Expulsion of some products [merckmanuals.com]

  Typically, patients present with vaginal bleeding and a (still) closed uterine orifice. Pregnancy is still intact and infantile heart sounds are still detectable. [lecturio.com]

  […] miscarry Inevitable abortion: Vaginal bleeding, cervical os is open; products of conception (POC) have not been expelled Incomplete abortion: Vaginal bleeding, cervical os is open with partial passage of some POC and some retained POC Complete abortion [emergency.unboundmedicine.com]

• Foul Smelling Vaginal Discharge

  Symptoms of an infection include fever, vaginal bleeding that does not stop, cramping, and a foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Infections can be serious and need immediate medical attention. [nlm.nih.gov]

  Signs and symptoms of this infection include: Fever Chills Lower abdominal tenderness Foul-smelling vaginal discharge Prevention Often, there's nothing you can do to prevent a miscarriage. [mayoclinic.org]

  Women who have had an unsafe abortion usually come to the health care facility with the following signs and symptoms: ‐ vaginal bleeding ‐ abdominal pain ‐ fever ‐ purulent or foul smelling vaginal discharge ‐ shock The interventions which the health [doi.org]

Although MRIs are not involved in the SA workup, an MRI study was ordered in the ED in the background of otherwise normal findings to asses for a potential appendicitis, which has been commonly reported during pregnancy in the literature [ 11 ]. [openaccessjournals.com]

Bourne, There is no role for uterine curettage in the contemporary diagnostic workup of women with a pregnancy of unknown location, Human Reproduction, 21, 10, (2706), (2006). [doi.org]

It is of utmost importance that the laboratory has its interest invested in infertility workups. [fertilitysolution.com]

Procedures When the diagnosis is unclear, the following procedures may be performed: Culdocentesis Diagnostic dilation and curettage See Workup for more detail. [reference.medscape.com]

What type of workup is needed after early pregnancy loss? No workup generally is recommended until after the second consecutive clinical early pregnancy loss (7). [m.acog.org]

• Clostridium Perfringens

  Although obstetric mortality due to complications of Clostridium perfringens infection is rare at present, we report a case of fatal clostridial sepsis secondary to a septic spontaneous abortion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The positive rate of ACA in failure group before treatment was higher than the data of after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (p 0.05). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Traditional treatment consisting of surgical evacuation of the uterus remains the treatment of choice in unstable patients. Recent studies suggest that expectant or medical management is appropriate in selected patients. [aafp.org]

Speert, H. ( 1954 ) Pregnancy prognosis following repeated abortion. Am. J. Obstet. Gynec. 68, 665. Spicer, C.C. & Lipworth, L. ( 1966 ) Regional and Social Factors in Infant Mortality. [cambridge.org]

Liu et al ( 29 ) demonstrated that IGFBP-7 was downregulated in gastric cancer, and that it may be used as an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. [spandidos-publications.com]

Prognosis Threatened miscarriage is associated with risk of subsequent preterm delivery. Increased risk of further miscarriages. After three miscarriages, consider as recurrent spontaneous miscarriage. [patient.info]

Only etiologic studies were considered. Results. Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria. [doi.org]

The data are still incomplete regarding the etiologic role, if any, of cytomegalovirus and the occurrence of spontaneous abortion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dose-response and trend analysis in epidemiology: alternatives to categorical analysis. Epidemiology 1995 ; 6 : 356 –65. 29. Ford JH, MacCormac L, Hiller J. [doi.org]

Department: Institutionen för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Abstract The overall objectives of this thesis were to increase the understanding of the etiology of spontaneous abortion and [openarchive.ki.se]

This method can be applied in epidemiological studies to explore the association between exposure to environmental estrogens and relevant adverse outcomes. Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All miscarriages are the result of a pathophysiologic reproductive event. It is the current challenge of medicine to find those underlying causes and, in some cases, underlying causes that are common occurrences are often overlooked. [naprotechnology.com]

The pathophysiology of cervical insufficiency is still poorly understood. [doi.org]

"This approach is currently criticized as our insight into the pathophysiology of miscarriage has improved, and it has become clear that there is lack of evidence to support the [efficacy] of bed rest in this condition." [web.archive.org]

We conclude that anticoagulation without concurrent prednisone or aspirin may provide an alternative approach to prevention of habitual abortion in some women with lupus anticoagulants. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]