Needless to say, the hydroglycolic extract compositions disclosed by Cariel '649 are simply not the compositions defined in the present claims and Cariel '649 does not suggest the use of the glycolic acid as in the composition of the present invention [encrypted.google.com]

To the best of our knowledge this is the first report case of ISD where idiopathic striae were present below the knees. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other suitable formulations will be apparent to those skilled in the art based upon the present disclosure. [patents.google.com]

• Weight Gain

  Whether from pregnancy, rapid weight gain or loss, weight lifting, or a growth spurt in your early teens, countless women and men experience the frustrating but common skin problem. Yes, even the stars get them. [stretchmarks.org]

  Avoiding rapid weight gain helps reduce stretch marks caused by obesity. If stretch marks appear without clear cause, such as pregnancy or rapid weight gain, call your health care provider. [medlineplus.gov]

  Rapid weight gain: Putting on a lot of weight in a short space of time can cause stretch marks. Medical conditions: Certain conditions can cause stretch marks, such as Marfan syndrome and Cushing’s syndrome. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that maternal age, body mass index, weight gain and neonatal birth weight were independently associated with the occurrence of striae. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Inflammation

  Ud‐Din Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN U.K Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

  “Lasers work by reducing the redness in the stretch marks and by improving some of the inflammation causing the stretch marks in the first place,” he explains. [stretchmarks.org]

  The interpretation of histologic samples - the major investigative tool - demonstrates an association between dermal lymphocytic inflammation, elastolysis, and a scarring response. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] is virtually non-existent with Dermapen, which is of special note when considering the treatment of darker-skinned patients, because associated dermal damage indices apoptosis (programmed cell death, rather than necrosis) which does not contribute to inflammation [dermapen.com]

  Stretching leads to a breakdown of connective tissue, inflammation, and then scar formation as the injury heals. It's the scarring that causes stretch marks to appear. [medicinenet.com]

• Swelling

  There were no complaints of fever, joint pain or swelling, rash, excessive hair loss or oral ulcers. [link.springer.com]

  When it comes to recovery from laser stretch mark removal, it’s better than traditional surgical methods (you may get some redness and swelling for a few days). [stretchmarks.org]

  Areas treated with vascular lasers are likely to be a little red or slightly darker in color with a small amount of swelling for a few days. Older, faded, or silvery stretch marks can still be treated, but may not notice as much improvement. [dermatologycolumbus.com]

  As compared to other striae, the systemic steroid-induced SD is larger and broader in nature, leading to preferential stretching and swelling of these SD by edema fluid rapidly. [jddsjournal.org]

  Treatment with fractional RF microneedling uses microneedles that penetrate to a maximum of 1.5 mm, and it causes virtually no bruising and minimal swelling. It produces hundreds of tiny dermal injuries that produce dermal collagen and elastin. [en.tzermias.gr]

• Surgical Procedure

  In addition, the use of a pulsed dye laser has shown to increase pigmentation in darker skinned individuals with repeated treatments.[5] A surgical procedure for removing lower abdominal stretch marks is the tummy tuck, which removes the skin below the [wikidoc.org]

  procedure for improving the appearance of striae. [1] Patients should be reassured that striae do fade with time. [3] REFERENCES 1. [bioline.org.br]

  procedure for improving the appearance of striae.[1] Patients should be reassured that striae do fade with time.[3] References 1. [ijdvl.com]

  The treatment of this cosmetically distressing condition has been disappointing and there is no widely accepted surgical procedure for improving the appearance of stretch marks. Laser therapy has been advocated as a treatment for striae distensae. [bjmp.org]

• Weakness

  There is weak evidence that hyaluronic acid prevents SG. Tretinoin holds promise for reducing the severity of new-onset SG, but its use is limited by its pregnancy category. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  There is weak evidence that hyaluronic acid prevents SG. Tretinoin holds promise for reducing the severity of new‐onset SG, but its use is limited by its pregnancy category. [doi.org]

  Another strategy includes the use of fractional radiofrequency with acoustic pressure ultrasound to deliver retinoic acid transepidermally to enhance its effect on the stretch marks.14 Among the other topical treatments, there is some evidence, although weak [thecosmeticchemist.com]

  Weak evidence is present for the use of topical hyaluronic acid. [jcasonline.com]

  However, due to methodological weakness of this research, further evidence is needed to confirm these results. Avoid if allergic or hypersensitive to bitter orange or any members of the Rutaceae family. [lindbergnutrition.com]

• Dermatitis

  This study from South Korea seeks to measure the effects of topical steroids on the appearance of stretch marks in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. [genevadermatology.ch]

  acute + Dyshidrotic dermatitis + Eczema atopicum (dermatitis atopica) + Subacute and chronic (eczem) dermatitis + Microbial eczema + Granuloma gluteale infantum + Toxic contact (irritative) dermatitis, acute + Toxic contact (irritative) dermatitis, [atlases.muni.cz]

  Seborrhoea of the face was positively correlated (P < 0.035) with striae distensae, and atopic dermatitis negatively correlated (P < 0.001). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  198 Pruritus 621 199 Pruritus ani 629 200 Pruritus vulvae 631 201 Pseudofolliculitis barbae 634 202 Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 638 203 Psoriasis 640 204 Psychogenic excoriation 651 205 Pyoderma gangrenosum 654 206 Pyogenic granuloma 659 207 Radiation dermatitis [books.google.de]

• Skin Disease

  They are pink or purplish red… Read More injury to skin tissue In skin disease: Connective tissues …the skin may rupture after stretching, even in healthy persons, forming purple linear discolorations. [britannica.com]

  diseases such as eczema (atopic dermatitis) and psoriasis. [genevadermatology.ch]

  Treatment of Skin Disease: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 226. Patterson JW. Disorders of collagen. In: Patterson JW, ed. Weedon's Skin Pathology. 4th ed. [nlm.nih.gov]

  Pubmed On DermNet NZ Topical steroids Linear focal elastosis Other websites Striae Distensae – Medscape Reference Books about skin diseases Books about the skin Dermatology Made Easy book [dermnetnz.org]

  Treatment of Skin Disease: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2014. http://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Nov. 6, 2015. Picard D, et al. Incidence and risk factors for striae gravidarum. [mayoclinic.org]

• Pruritus

  621 199 Pruritus ani 629 200 Pruritus vulvae 631 201 Pseudofolliculitis barbae 634 202 Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 638 203 Psoriasis 640 204 Psychogenic excoriation 651 205 Pyoderma gangrenosum 654 206 Pyogenic granuloma 659 207 Radiation dermatitis 662 [books.google.de]

  Antihistamines and topical steroids may be used to treat pruritus, and systemic corticosteroids may be used for extreme pruritus. 18 The rash typically resolves one to two weeks after delivery. [aafp.org]

  Severe pruritus may be a manifestation of a pregnancy-specific dermatosis associated with increased fetal risks and complications. [pubfacts.com]

  Scott and Yu discloses the use of alpha hydroxy acids for treatment of skin irritating or scalp related conditions, such as dry skin, ichthyosis, hyperkeratosis, dandruff, Darier's disease, lichen simplex chronicus, keratoses, acne, psoriasis, eczema, pruritus [patents.google.com]

• Keratosis

  […] palmoplantaris, palmoplantar keratoderma + Ectodermal dysplasia + Psoriasis + Psoriatic erytroderma + Palmoplantar psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis + Generalized pustular psoriasis of Zumbusch + Lingua geographica + Psoriatiform keratosis + Infantile [atlases.muni.cz]

  Related articles - Acanthosis nigricans - Keratosis pilaris [dermatologyforyou.com]

  211 Rhinophyma 677 212 Rocky Mountain spotted fever and other rickettsial infections 679 213 Rosacea 684 214 Sarcoidosis 692 215 Scabies 697 216 Scleredema 700 217 Scleroderma 703 218 Sebaceous hyperplasia 707 219 Seborrheic eczema 709 220 Seborrheic keratosis [books.google.de]

  Common skin manifestations related to obesity include acanthosis nigricans, acrochordons, keratosis pilaris, striae distensae, cellulite, and plantar hyperkeratosis... [read.qxmd.com]

  30% oil and contains over 98% long chain fatty acids) N/A Activated meadowfoam seed oil Potential uses as a bioherbicide [ 30 ] NIA-114 ™ molecule A molecule which delivers Niacin (Vitamin B3) (a water-soluble micronutrient) to skin cells N/A Actinic keratosis [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

• Eczema

  […] striae distensae, click HERE ) Systemic steroids are known to induce purplish stretch marks as part of Cushing’s syndrome ( more HERE ) Topical steroids have anti-inflammatory action and are used in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as eczema [genevadermatology.ch]

  Relapsing polychondritis 673 211 Rhinophyma 677 212 Rocky Mountain spotted fever and other rickettsial infections 679 213 Rosacea 684 214 Sarcoidosis 692 215 Scabies 697 216 Scleredema 700 217 Scleroderma 703 218 Sebaceous hyperplasia 707 219 Seborrheic eczema [books.google.de]

  […] atopicum (dermatitis atopica) + Subacute and chronic (eczem) dermatitis + Microbial eczema + Granuloma gluteale infantum + Toxic contact (irritative) dermatitis, acute + Toxic contact (irritative) dermatitis, chronic + Seborrhoic dermatitis + Pityriasis [atlases.muni.cz]

  Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or Marfan’s syndrome growth spurt in puberty rapid weight loss or gain weight training with rapid muscle growth If you use corticosteroid creams for an extended time period, such as prescription-strength hydrocortisone to treat eczema [healthline.com]

  […] to Van Scott and Yu discloses the use of alpha hydroxy acids for treatment of skin irritating or scalp related conditions, such as dry skin, ichthyosis, hyperkeratosis, dandruff, Darier's disease, lichen simplex chronicus, keratoses, acne, psoriasis, eczema [patents.google.com]

• Suggestibility

  It is suggested that patients who are candidates for breast augmentation surgery should be informed of the possible risk of developing SD if they are taking or planning to take the contraceptive pill. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  A small randomized study conducted in 2014 suggested that a 0.05% tretinoin cream may treat stretch marks as well, lessening the appearance of early (rather than established) scars. [verywellhealth.com]

• Irritability

  The retinoid should preferably be applied in an amount which is not excessively irritating to the skin. [patents.google.com]

  The type of trauma leading to Koebner phenomenon can vary from scratching, surgical scars, radiotherapy, burns, irritation from drug use and laser therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  However, the side effects of the retinoids on large surface areas can prohibit long term use due to redness, irritation and peeling. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

In patients presenting with striae distensae due to pubertal growth ’spurt’, increase in weight, pregnancy, and/or corticosteriod abuse, no further workup is required. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Figure 1: (a) Flowchart for management of striae distensae pre-treatment workup. [idoj.in]

[…] of research for an optimum consensus of treatment. [bjmp.org]

Despite some topical treatments being widely used, uncertainty regarding their mode of action remains. No treatment has proved to be completely effective. [em-consulte.com]

Treatment of striae rubra with the 585-nm pulsed-dye laser. Dermatol Surg. 2003. 29(4):362-5. [Medline]. McDaniel DH, Ash K, Zukowski M. Treatment of stretch marks with the 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Abstract | Full HTML Article | PDF ecancer 11 756 / https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2017.756 Case Report Glioblastoma cerebri is a rare paediatric malignancy with dismal prognosis [Chappé C, Riffaud L, and Tréguier C et al (2013) Primary gliomatosis cerebri [ecancer.org]

Prognosis Striae distensae are usually a cosmetic problem; however, if extensive, they may tear and ulcerate when an accident or excessive stretching occurs. Adolescents with striae can expect their striae to be less visible with time. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] and Pathophysiology Specific etiology of SD is unknown. [unboundmedicine.com]

One of four possible etiologic mechanisms usually considered were: (1) insufficient development of the integuement, including a deficiency in its elastic properties; (2) rapid stretching of the skin; (3) endocrine imbalance; and (4) other, possibly toxic [jamanetwork.com]

The experience of 20 patients with striae distensae of varying etiologies and the treatment with topical tretinoin is described. Of the 16 patients who completed the study, 15 had significant improvement in their clinical picture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiology likely involves the interplay of mechanical stress, hormones, and genetics. Striae are commonly located on the abdomen, thighs, and buttocks, or in areas where the skin stretches excessively. [visualdx.com]

A number of key etiological theories have been postulated, including: Inadequate development of elastic fibers and collagen in the skin Endocrine imbalance and physical stretching of the skin due to increased size of any part of the body ex. [dermclub.org]

Risk factors have been reported but much remains to be understood about their epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. [scinapse.io]

To better characterize the epidemiological factors associated with SG. An anonymous survey administered at Stanford Ambulatory Clinics sampled 161 women who had given birth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS Epidemiologic data on striae distensae in the general population are limited [ 1-11 ]. Reported incidences have ranged from as low as 11 percent in normal men to up to 88 percent in pregnant females [ 5,11 ]. [uptodate.com]

Pregnancy Considerations Common finding on the abdomen, breast, and thighs of pregnant women, especially during the 3rd trimester—called striae gravidarum Epidemiology Incidence Incidence range of 43–88% for women during pregnancy (1) Prevalence Adult [unboundmedicine.com]

BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of striae distensae, clinical studies are few in number, and their pathophysiology still obscure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This chapter will address the pathophysiology and risks associated with the development of striae in the context of the above conditions as well as review preventive measures and known treatments. [miami.pure.elsevier.com]

[…] during the 3rd trimester—called striae gravidarum Epidemiology Incidence Incidence range of 43–88% for women during pregnancy (1) Prevalence Adult nonpregnant female: 35% Adult males: 11% Adolescent females: 72–77% Adolescent males: 6–86% Etiology and Pathophysiology [unboundmedicine.com]

Etiology Pathophysiology Striae distensae results from cracks in the connective tissue forming atrophic dermal scars underneath an atrophic epidermal layer. The pathophysiology of striae distensae is not fully understood. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Finally, cocoa butter and olive oil are not effective for preventing SG or reducing the severity of lesions. We conclude that reliable methods for preventing SG are scarce. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fletcher and Marvin Reid, Prevention of striae gravidarum with cocoa butter cream, International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 108, 1, (65-68), (2009). [dx.doi.org]

Stretch Mark Prevention After working out for two months, I've noticed that I have small stretch marks on my arms from lifting. How can I prevent them? Stretch marks occur when the elastic middle layer of skin called the dermis is stretched. [medicinenet.com]