Dyspnea on speaking may also be present. 9 In addition, dysphagia and dysphonia may be present. Physical examination usually reveals lingual deviation on protrusion. The symptoms usually resolve spontaneously over a period of a week to 3 months. [journals.lww.com]

Similarly, Lykoudis andSeretis4 presented another case of Tapias syndrome after rhino-plasty with general anesthesia due to excessive pressure fromthroat packing. [documents.tips]

In the case presented here, unilateral paralysis of the muscles of the tongue and ipsilateral vocal cord paralysis due to a lesion of the 10th and 12th cranial nerves occurred following a septorhinoplasty that was performed under endotracheal general [articles.casejournals.com]

CASE PRESENTATION: In the report, we describe three cases of Tapia's syndrome in three Caucasian patients who underwent surgery with general anesthesia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The presenting swelling started about a year before presentation. On examination, a multinodular painless lesion measuring about 50 cm × 36 cm was observed. There was no sensory or motor nerve paresis on presentation. [jcsjournal.org]

• Hoarseness

  Postoperatively the patient complained of hoarseness and difficulty in tongue movements and swallowing. She had significant dysarthria and the tongue was deviated to the left when protruded. [surgery.confex.com]

  Postoperatively he developed hoarseness of voice during speech, with deviation of tongue protrusion. [operativeneurosurgery.com]

  Ghim Song Chia et al., BMJ Case Reports, 2017 Post tracheal extubation stridor Nigel Hollister et al., BMJ Case Reports, 2011 An unusual cause of hoarseness Hussam Ammar et al., BMJ Case Reports, 2012 Investigating the hoarse voice Pieter M Pretorius [pn.bmj.com]

  We recommend that when a patient undergoes an interscalene block and hoarseness develops, tongue protrusion should be examined and documented. [anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org]

• Tracheal Deviation

  We pay special attention to peak inflation pressure, as a sudden increase may suggest that the tracheal tube may be bent by neck and tracheal deviation. [academic.oup.com]

  Laryngoscopy confirmed right tracheal deviation and a mild suffusion of the left lateral wall of the oropharynx and hypopharynx, with obliteration of the pyriform sinus. No alteration of the tongue and pharyngo-laryngeal motility was detected. [oatext.com]

• Dysphagia

  Hoarseness, sore throat, dysphagia are common complications of general anesthesia. [wjgnet.com]

  Hoarseness, dysphagia, dysarthria, and dyspnea may develop depending upon the level of involvement of these nerves. Although rare, it can complicate general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. [go.gale.com]

  A 42-yr-old man who complained of hoarseness, dysphagia, and right deviation of the tongue with an atrophic change for 2 mos after he underwent C3-4 discectomy and anterior fusion body. [operativeneurosurgery.com]

  We describe here a Brazilian female patient who presented with a lesion in the nasal mucosa, and soon after had dysphagia and dysphonia. Examination revealed paralysis of the soft palate, vocal cords and tongue ipsilaterally. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fasciculation of the Tongue

  Ten days after surgery, patient claimed that there was mild fasciculation in the tongue though this could not be ascertained by the doctors. [jcsjournal.org]

• Hemiatrophy of the Tongue

  Several minor variants with many alternative eponyms include: Collet’s syndrome – from the shrapnell ball behind the right mastoid (glosso-laryngo-scapulopharyngeal paralysis) [ 2 ], Villaret’s retroparotid syndrome (‘hemiatrophy of the tongue, dysarthria [karger.com]

• Tonsillar Exudate

  Whilst intubated, he received treatment for a ventilator-acquired pneumonia and a malodourous tonsillar exudate grew a positive culture for fusobacterium necrophorum. After two failed extubations, he was successfully extubated on day 19. [morressier.com]

• Right Shoulder Pain

  The patient of first case is a 53-year-old man who presented right shoulder drop and right shoulder pain. On motor examination, weakness of 0/5 right in shoulder abduction was found. [jkns.or.kr]

• Dysarthria

  This rare syndrome should be considered as a differential diagnosis of dysarthria and tongue deviation after a procedure associated with compression to the pharynx. [unboundmedicine.com]

  She had significant dysarthria and the tongue was deviated to the left when protruded. A laryngostroboscopy examination revealed, a submucosal hemorrhage of the left vocal cord and it was immobile in the paramedian position (Fig.). [surgery.confex.com]

  Although the symptoms and findings may change according to the extent of the damage, common symptoms are: hoarseness, dysarthria and dysphagia[3]. [wjgnet.com]

  Hoarseness, dysphagia, dysarthria, and dyspnea may develop depending upon the level of involvement of these nerves. Although rare, it can complicate general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. [go.gale.com]

  Over the next two weeks, patient had decreased tongue deviation and improving hoarseness and dysarthria. RESULTS: MRI of the brain with and without contrast did not demonstrate any abnormalities. CSF was normal. [neurology.org]

• Radiculopathy

  Tapia syndrome, a rare complication of posterior cervical surgery, characterized by concurrent paralyzes of the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus and hypoglossal cranial nerves, occurred in a patient after posterior cervical foraminotomies for radiculopathy [operativeneurosurgery.com]

A preoperative workup can identify patients at risk of this syndrome. The hyperextension of the neck and high-cuff pressures should be avoided. The endotracheal tube cuff should be placed well below the vocal cords. [annals.in]

Emergency physicians often hope patients will fall into pre-existing, well-known patterns, helping them to establish the appropriate workup quickly. [medworm.com]

• Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis

  Tapia's syndrome caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. J Neurol Sci 1991;103:179–181. 1880535. 5. Krasnianski M, Neudecker S, Schlüter A, Krause U, Winterholler M. [jkns.or.kr]

We remind surgeons of this unusual complication that can occur in any surgery under general anesthesia and discuss its diagnosis, treatment method, and the followup results in light of the literature. [articles.casejournals.com]

Treatment / Management The mainstay of treatment in Tapia syndrome is rehabilitation. [statpearls.com]

The risk of complications due to preterm delivery is inversely proportional to gestational age and birth weight, but there are certainly many other factors that influence prognosis. [mdpi.com]

Awareness and knowledge of the disease process can help clinicians avoid unnecessary investigations and provide patients with informed judgment about prognosis and outcome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No etiology was mentionedfor the case of unilateral Tapias syndrome reported byBoga and Aktas [3]. [myslide.es]

Etiologies include oral intubation (the majority of cases prior to 2013), metastases, rarely associated with carotid or vertebral artery dissections. [neurosurgery.directory]

The risk factors, etiology, clinical course, recovery potential, and preventive measures are analyzed and discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

KEY WORDS: Anesthesiology; Etiology; SARS-CoV-2 top of page [minervamedica.it]

This case describes the etiologies, diagnostic approaches, and treatment considerations to Tapia’s Syndrome. Recommended Citation Khan H, Nowatzke RW, Tatum D. Tapia syndrome following shoulder surgery. [scholarlyworks.beaumont.org]

Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation y elaboration. PLoS Med. 2007;4(10):e297 6 da Costa BR, Cevallos M, Altman DG, Rutjes AWS, Egger M. [colombiamedica.univalle.edu.co]

Friedman, CR, Neimann, J., Wegener, HC, and Tauxe, RV Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in the United States and other industrialized nations. [books.google.es]

EPIDEMIOLOGY Periodic fever in children diagnosed with PFAPA generally begins between the ages of two and five years (3.7±3.8 years of age in the Israeli cohort of >500 patients) [ 7,9,10 ], although a younger median age of onset (11 months) was seen [uptodate.com]

Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 18(3), 205-208. Zimmerman, S., Gruber‐Baldini, A. L., Hebel, J. R., Sloane, P. D., & Magaziner, J. (2002). [nurseslabs.com]

Central Tapia syndrome is incredibly rare, and fewer than 5 cases have been reported in the literature, attributed to brainstem infarctions, meningovascular syphilis, and metastatic haemangiosarcoma.[7][8] Epidemiology Tapia syndrome has a close association [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

While most cases of Tapia’s syndrome are self-limited, there have been documented reports of permanent damage (2), warranting proper understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms for Tapia’s syndrome. [journal.chestnet.org]

This article reviews Tapia's syndrome's etiology and pathophysiology with particular attention to the interprofessional team's role in the evaluation and treatment of patients suffering this condition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The risk factors, etiology, clinical course, recovery potential, and preventive measures are analyzed and discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When rhinoplasty/septorhinoplasty is performed under endotracheal anes-thesia, both anesthesiologists and plastic surgeons shouldbe aware of the following preventive measures suggestedin the existing literature [311]:1. [myslide.es]

[…] cuff cranially into the larynx, preventing extubation with inflated cuff and last, but not the least, careful positioning of throat pack to avoid excessive nerve pressure. [saudija.org]