Clinical presentations mostly reported were blood rhinorrhea (36%) and blood otorrhea (32.7%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Hunting

  […] sympathetic hearing loss Author Age Baseline/preop Etiology threshold * Harris et al, (1) 30 15 Exc VS (TL) 1985 55 8 Exc VS (TL) 36 0 Exc VS (MF) 34 2 Exc VS (TL) 64 48 Exc VS (TL) Schindler and 44 NR Trauma Niparko, (2) 1998 Schulz et al, (3) 43 WNL Ramsay-Hunt [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Fishing

  We present an obscure case of a man who was struck in the ear by a flying fish while wading in the sea with resulting temporal bone fracture, sudden deafness, vertigo, cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea, and pneumocephalus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Periorbital Ecchymosis

  Frequently, a longitudinal fracture may present with ear injuries, mastoid ecchymosis (Battle's sign) or periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes), tympanic membrane laceration, bleeding in ear canal, and hemotympanum. [visualdx.com]

  Postauricular ecchymosis, or Battle's sign (B), is an arch-shaped bruise behind the external ear. Periorbital ecchymosis, or Raccoon sign (C), is circular bruising around the eye. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Referred Otalgia

  Referred otalgia is common. Traumatic fracture of an ossified styloid and stylohyoid ligament can cause pressure on the external or internal carotid artery and pain may be referred to the cheek or eye, producing atypical pain. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Fluctuating Hearing Loss

  When vertigo is present with fluctuating or progressive loss, traumatic endolymphatic hydrops or perilymphatic fistula is the diagnosis. Autoimmune hearing loss may account for some cases of progressive hearing loss. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Suggestibility

  The presence of nystagmus is suggestive of vestibular trauma. Examination may reveal a perforated tympanic membrane and/or laceration of the ear canal. If the ear drum is intact, blood may be seen behind it (hemotympanum). [www2.aofoundation.org]

  We suggest that in patients presenting with facial nerve paralysis secondary to blunt trauma, without an associated temporal bone fracture, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging is recommended to evaluate internal auditory canal discontinuity of [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Temporal bone fracture is suggested by Battle sign (post-auricular ecchymosis) and bleeding from the external auditory canal. [radiopaedia.org]

• Vertigo

  In both benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and central postural vertigo, the spontaneous nystagmus and vertigo usually resolve over 3-6 months and the remaining symptoms by 10-12 months; however, these symptoms may persist in elderly patients. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Sensorineural hearing loss +/- vertigo after a temporal bone fracture implies traumatic audio/vestibular failure. The vertigo generally improves as the brain adapts, but hearing loss is likely to be persistent. [entsho.com]

  We present an obscure case of a man who was struck in the ear by a flying fish while wading in the sea with resulting temporal bone fracture, sudden deafness, vertigo, cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea, and pneumocephalus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  As the fracture can sometimes involve the ossicles, inner ear and facial nerve, symptoms such as hearing loss, vertigo, balance disturbance, or facial paralysis may be present. [radiopaedia.org]

• Dizziness

  All patients complained of hearing loss and dizziness. Hearing in most patients (83.3%) did not improve, whereas dizziness improved in 91.7% of patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The diagram above shows why this fracture can cause hearing problems (middle ear) or dizziness (inner ear). There is usually no specific surgical intervention needed for this fracture. [regionstraumapro.com]

  Next, a specialized examination for dizziness will be performed. A good screening test for dizziness is to use v ideo-frenzel goggles, such as we use at Chicago Dizziness and Hearing. [dizziness-and-balance.com]

  He complained of non-whirling type dizziness and right sided hearing impairment. Computed dynamic postulography showed a vestibular pattern; however, nystagmus was absent. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

• Paresis

  25% • Transverse: may traverse the petrous apex, cross the IAC, the otic capsule or both, involve the skull base foramina; SNHL and FN paresis reported in up to 50% Shortcomings of Traditional Classification (1,2,5) • Majority of T-bone fractures are [learningradiology.com]

  Complications evaluated included facial nerve paresis or paralysis, SNHL, CHL, dizziness or balance dysfunction, and CSF leakage. The diagnosis of dizziness or balance dysfunction was made on patient self-reporting. [jamanetwork.com]

  Late-onset paresis or paralysis may be delayed for days or weeks and is common after temporal bone trauma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This article reviews the current state of temporal bone fracture evaluation and management with special attention to mechanisms of injury, clinical presentations and emergency evaluation, and diagnostic workup, including the evolution of radiographic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Sinus Opacification

  However the resolution of skull CT be inappropriate for temporal fracture diagnosis, it provides lesion evidences, when there´s opacification or close to it, local pneumocephalus, sphenoid sinus opacification, air in the glenoid cavity (2-4-7-8). [arquivosdeorl.org.br]

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics and treatment of temporal bone fractures and injuries in the medial-inner ear. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment Usually, The treatment of delayed-onset palsy is based on conservative, nonsurgical management. [facialent.net]

These are discussed in detail in separate articles: longitudinal fractures transverse fractures mixed fractures Treatment and prognosis Treatment is based on managing facial nerve injury, hearing loss, vestibular dysfunction, and CSF leakage. [radiopaedia.org]

These are discussed in detail in separate articles: longitudinal fractures transverse fractures mixed fractures Treatment and prognosis Treatment is based on managing facial nerve injury, hearing loss, vestibular dysfunction, and CSF leakage. [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis : good. Pathogenesis Etiology Trauma. Pathophysiology Initially may cause little problem. Often go undiagnosed in absence of other trauma in area. With time, osseous callus forms causing progressive dimminution of jaw movement. [vetstream.com]

We present a novel theory for the etiology of pneumolabyrinth in a trauma patient without an otic capsule fracture: passage of intrathecal air into the labyrinth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Characteristics of reported cases of sympathetic hearing loss Author Age Baseline/preop Etiology threshold * Harris et al, (1) 30 15 Exc VS (TL) 1985 55 8 Exc VS (TL) 36 0 Exc VS (MF) 34 2 Exc VS (TL) 64 48 Exc VS (TL) Schindler and 44 NR Trauma Niparko [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Pathogenesis Etiology Trauma. Pathophysiology Initially may cause little problem. Often go undiagnosed in absence of other trauma in area. With time, osseous callus forms causing progressive dimminution of jaw movement. [vetstream.com]

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Epidemiologic study, Level III. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology Longitudinal fractures represent the majority (70-90%) of all petrous temporal bone fractures. Periauricular swelling and retroauricular ecchymosis ( Battle sign ) are common, and almost all have otorrhagia. [radiopaedia.org]

Abstract Traumatic injury to the temporal bone can lead to significant morbidity or mortality and knowledge of the pertinent anatomy, pathophysiology of injury, and appropriate management strategies is critical for successful recovery and rehabilitation [thieme-connect.com]

Variables included type and severity of hearing loss, as well as pathophysiology of hearing loss. RESULTS: There were 13 studies with 773 patients that met study criteria. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology Initially may cause little problem. Often go undiagnosed in absence of other trauma in area. With time, osseous callus forms causing progressive dimminution of jaw movement. [vetstream.com]

A combination of both central and peripheral causes are highly possible in the pathophysiology of vertigo after head and temporal bone trauma. Vestibular rehabilitation or canal repositioning may be of value, in particular in BPPV. [emedicine.medscape.com]

CONCLUSIONS: To minimize or prevent the sequelae of TBF, accurate radiologic evaluation is necessary as soon as possible after injury. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

If the leak does not stop on its own within a few days, surgery or insertion of a drain near the spinal cord in the lower back (lumbar drain) may be needed to prevent infection. NOTE: This is the Consumer Version. [merckmanuals.com]

Página 310 - A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients. ‎ [books.google.es]