Differential Diagnosis Specific differential diagnoses to consider when patients present with ‘tendinopathy’ at various anatomical regions. [physio-pedia.com]

At present, there are many theories that have sought to explain the origin of the pain. [fifamedicalnetwork.com]

Photos of initial, six-week and 12-week presentations demonstrate a relative decrease in the tendon volume. [podiatrytoday.com]

Platelet Rich Plasma for High Hamstring Tears. (2010) The authors present a case report of an acute near complete high hamstring tear treated successfully 16 days after initial injury by Platelet Rich Plasma Prolotherapy. [prolotherapy.com]

The tennis Elbow example The tendinopathy of the upper limb, due to the inflammation of the arm’s tendons, is one of the most frequently presenting forms and can reach the tendons of the biceps brachii muscle (the most common form), the coracobrachial [winback.com]

• Burning Pain

  This causes burning pain in addition to reduced flexibility and range of motion While tendinopathy can affect any tendon, it’s more common in the: Achilles tendon rotator cuff tendons patellar tendon hamstring tendons Read on to learn more about tendinopathy [healthline.com]

• Elbow Pain

  The elbow was the most common site of injury (20% of all injuries), while the shoulder was the second most common with 15% of all injuries. Other studies have found a 50% lifetime incidence of elbow pain in adult tennis players over 30 years old 4. [aspetar.com]

  Joint-specific tips See the following for ways to ease a specific joint problem: Ankle or heel pain Elbow pain Hip pain Knee pain Shoulder pain Wrist pain References Citations Hurt G, Baker CL (2003). Calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. [healthy.kaiserpermanente.org]

  So you go to your health care provider with a history of “outside elbow pain.” What type of treatments might you get? Anti-inflammatory, maybe a cortisone injection. [caringmedical.com]

• Myofascial Trigger Point

  […] has been linked with decreased ROM, 52 but ankle ROM has improved after the release of myofascial trigger points in the soleus, 17 and these trigger points give referred pain to the Achilles tendon area. 17 Thus, relaxing the calf muscles to improve [journals.sagepub.com]

Further workup with MRI is also an option to rule out other pathology or determine the severity of the tendinosis. However, it often does not impact the initial treatment. Accordingly, one should reserve MRI for recalcitrant cases. [podiatrytoday.com]

Workup In patients with biceps tendinopathy, plain radiography may show calcifications in the biceps tendon or demonstrate associated degeneration in the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint. [emedicine.medscape.com]

A systematic review of the use of platelet-rich plasma in sports medicine as a new treatment for tendon and ligament injuries. (2011) This article reviews multiple publications regarding the role of Platelet-rich plasma in treatment of tendon and ligament [prolotherapy.com]

A majority of in vivo studies have documented the effectiveness of ultrasound treatment. [physio-pedia.com]

Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(3):360-366. Visnes H, Bahr R. [fifamedicalnetwork.com]

Surgical treatment is preferred for chronic and recurring ruptures. [ebm-guidelines.com]

Reactive Tendinopathy Normal tissue adaptation phase Prognosis: Excellent. Normal Recovery! 2. Tendon Dysrepair Injury rate > Repair rate Prognosis: Good. The tendon tissue is attempting to heal. [physioworks.com.au]

Reactive Tendinopathy Normal tissue adaptation response to decrease stress Acute pain with thickened tendon due to swelling Prognosis: Excellent 2. Tendon Dysrepair Injury rate exceeds Repair rate Prognosis: Good. [rehab2perform.com]

What is the prognosis? Although tendinopathy may seem like relatively benign soft tissue pathology, recovery often follows a prolonged time course, even with ideal treatment. [cmaj.ca]

Long-term prognosis of patients with achilles tendinopathy. An observational 8-year follow-up study. Am J Sports Med 2000;28(5):634-42. «PMID: 11032217» PubMed [ebm-guidelines.com]

[…] tendon (a commonly affected tendon) Specialty Primary care Symptoms Pain, swelling [3] Causes Injury, repetitive activities [3] Diagnostic method Based on symptoms, examination, medical imaging [4] Treatment Rest, NSAIDs, splinting, physiotherapy [5] Prognosis [en.wikipedia.org]

Etiology Overuse or overload injury (repetitive, excessive strain), degeneration Skeletal abnormalities with strain on tendons (e.g., genu varum ) Acute trauma (laceration, rupture) Risk factors Occupation: athletes, jobs requiring manual labor or repetitive [amboss.com]

Three etiologies of tendinopathy have been described, as follows [14] : Mechanical theory - This theory states that repetitive loading of the tendon results in microscopic degeneration. Fibroplasia occurs within the tendon, resulting in scar tissue. [emedicine.medscape.com]

However, a low metabolic rate results in slow healing after injury. [6] Epidemiology /Etiology Tendinopathic tendons have an increased rate of matrix remodeling, leading to a mechanically less stable tendon that is probably more susceptible to damage. [physio-pedia.com]

Table 1: Classification of disorders of the Achilles tendon, with typical findings 3, 4 The high prevalence among runners points to mechanical loading as an important etiologic factor. 2 In vitro and in vivo research suggests that periods of mechanical [cmaj.ca]

Nho SJ, Yadav H, Shindle M, MacGillivray JD, Rotator cuff degeneration: etiology and pathogenesis. Am J Sports Med 2008; 36:987-993. Kuhn JE, Dunn WR, Sanders R, An Q, Baumgarten KM, Bishop JY et al. [aspetar.com]

Epidemiology References: [1] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

EPIDEMIOLOGY As tendinopathy is degenerative and cumulative, it rarely occurs in players younger than 18 years old. [aspetar.com]

Types and epidemiology of tendinopathy. N. Maffulli, J. Wong, L. C. Almekinders, Clin Sports Med 22 (2003) 675 – 692. [passeportsante.net]

Epidemiology of tendon problems in sport. In: Maffulli N, Renström P, Leadbetter W, eds. Tendon injuries: Basic science and clinical medicine. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited. Cook JL, Khan KM, Purdam C. Achilles tendinopathy. [fifamedicalnetwork.com]

"Epidemiology of rotator cuff tendinopathy: a systematic review". Shoulder & Elbow. 5 (4): 256–265. doi : 10.1111/sae.12028. ISSN 1758-5740. ^ "Inflammation". The Free Dictionary. ^ "avascular". The Free Dictionary. ^ Rees, J. [en.wikipedia.org]

The pathophysiology of tendinopathy is yet to full elucidated but one popular theory is the continuum model with inflammation rather than degeneration implicated 2,3 : reactive tendinopathy tendon dysrepair (also known as "failed healing") degenerative [radiopaedia.org]

[…] involving the same muscle Errors in physical training (e.g., sudden increase in exercise intensity, inadequate rest, hard/uneven training grounds, ill-fitting /inappropriate footwear) Previous tendon injuries Recent use of fluoroquinolones References: [1] Pathophysiology [amboss.com]

The Pain of Tendinopathy: Physiological or Pathophysiological. Sports Med 2014. 44:9-23. 4 Scott A, Docking S, Vicenzino B, et al. [acatoday.org]

"Enthesitis: from pathophysiology to treatment". Nature Reviews Rheumatology (Review). 13 (12): 731–741. doi : 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.188. PMID 29158573. ^ Schmitt, SK (June 2017). "Reactive Arthritis". [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] structure through tenolysis) is rarely necessary but may be required in refractory cases. [7, 8, 9, 10, 11] Related Medscape Reference topics: Bicipital Tendon Injuries Bicipital Tendonitis Elbow and Forearm Overuse Injuries Shoulder Impingement Syndrome Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Making sure to perform a proper warm-up and including enough cross-training is also helpful to prevent tendon overuse injuries. [verywellhealth.com]

This will prevent stiffness in your joint. As the pain goes away, continue range-of-motion exercises and add other exercises to strengthen the muscles around your joint. [healthy.kaiserpermanente.org]

It is vital that you prevent deterioration and progression to permanent cell death (phase 3). 3. Degenerative Tendinopathy Cell death occurs Prognosis: Poor! Tendon cells are dying! 4. [physioworks.com.au]