Abstract A case report of father-son testicular cancers, both teratocarcinomas, is presented and genetic considerations discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The incidence of this disease is increasing—the lifetime risk for a man is now about one in 200 in the United Kingdom. 1 Presentation is usually with a painless lump. [bmj.com]

A 50-year-old male presented to us in August 2004 with a history of left-sided testicular swelling. [indianjurol.com]

However, it is present as a component of almost ninety percent of mixed nonseminomatous germ cell tumours. The average age at diagnosis is 31 years, and typically presents as a testicular lump which may be painful. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Inguinal Hernia

  hernia Testicular atrophy Gonadal dysgenesis Infertility Smoking Exposure to radiation and industrial chemicals Chemotherapy Viruses (in some rare cases) It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. [dovemed.com]

  Testicular cancer, cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, testicular atrophy, and genital malformations: case-control studies in Denmark. Cancer Causes Control 1996 ; 7 : 264 –74. 8 Henderson BE, Benton B, Jin J, Yu MC, Pike MC. [ije.oxfordjournals.org]

  Hernia (inguinal hernia) - Protrusion of the intestines into the scrotum. High Dose Chemo - High dose chemo uses very high doses of chemotherapy to try to kill the cancer. [thetcrc.org]

• Anorexia

  Clinical Presentation • Painless testicular swelling • Dull ache/heaviness in Lower Abdomen • 10% - Acute Scrotal Pain • 10% - Metatstasis • Neck Mass /Cough /Anorexia /Vomiting /Back ache/Lower limb swelling • 5% - Gynecomastia - Estrogen producing tumors [slideshare.net]

  Other symptoms include cough or dyspnea (pulmonary metastases); anorexia, nausea, or vomiting (retroduodenal metastases); bone pain (skeletal metastases); and lower extremity swelling (venacaval obstruction). 20 CLINICAL FINDINGS SIGNS A testicular mass [slideplayer.com]

• Precocious Puberty

  "Mediastinal germ cell tumor in a child with precocious puberty and Klinefelter syndrome". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 66 (2): 547–8. doi : 10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00504-9. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Abdominal Pain

  Case report A 22-year-old male patient complaining of right-sided upper abdominal pain. [link.springer.com]

  We discuss about teratocarcinoma ( NSGCT) in intra abdominal testis with a review of literature. Case Report A 25 year old man presented with vague lower abdominal pain, dysuria and fullness in lower abdomen of about ten days duration. [ispub.com]

  Indications for Teratoma of the Testis include: Blood in vomit and cough Blood in stool, urine Trouble breathing Headache Low blood pressure Anemia Testicular pain, lump in the testes, feeling of heaviness in the scrotum Abdominal pain and swelling Breast [dovemed.com]

• Abdominal Mass

  Examination revealed a lower abdominal mass, which showed mild tenderness. Scrotal sacs were small and empty. The left testis was palpable at the root of the scrotum. The right testis was not palpable. [ispub.com]

  Check for supraclavicular nodes, gynecomastia, and groin, flank, or abdominal mass. Laboratory Tests Complete blood count (CBC), urinalysis, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, -hCG, and AFP are the recommended laboratory studies. [flylib.com]

• Gagging

  Human endogenous retrovirus K10: expression of Gag protein and detection of antibodies in patients with seminomas. Journal of Virology 69, 414 -421. [Google Scholar] Schommer, S., Sauter, M., Kräusslich, H. [jgv.microbiologyresearch.org]

• Hypertension

  Delivery Models Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment Health Care Policy Health Care Quality Health Care Reform Health Care Safety Health Care Workforce Health Disparities Health Informatics Health Policy Hematology History of Medicine Humanities Hypertension [jamanetwork.com]

• Low Back Pain

  The clinical features associated with metastasising embryonal carcinoma may include low back pain, dyspnoea, cough, haemoptysis, haematemesis and neurologic abnormalities. [1] Males with embryonal carcinoma tend to have a normal range serum AFP. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Peripheral Neuropathy

  Peripheral neuropathy - A condition of the nervous system that usually begins in the hands and/or feet with symptoms of numbness, tingling, burning and/or weakness. Can be caused by certain anticancer drugs like cisplatin. [thetcrc.org]

• Testicular Mass

  Case : The patient was a 29-year-old male with a right testicular mass, measuring 8.5×7.5×8.0 cm in diameter. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

  Testicular cancer begins as a scrotal mass, which is usually not painful. Diagnosis is by ultrasonography. [merckmanuals.com]

  At a Glance When a patient discovers a usually painless testicular mass, either unintentionally or by self-examination, or when a testicular mass is discovered by routine physical examination, testicular cancer should be suspected. [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumors • Embryonal Carcinoma • 25 - 35 years • 3 - 6% testicular tumors • small, rounded, irregular mass • invades tunica albuginea • Yolk Sac Tumor/ Endodermal Sinus Tumor • most common testicular tumor in infants & children [slideshare.net]

  A painless testicular mass is the classic presentation for testicular cancer, although a number of patients present with diffuse pain or swelling. Ultrasonography may be helpful in confirming the presence of a scrotal mass within the testicle. [aafp.org]

• Scrotal Mass

  Many patients discover the mass themselves after minor scrotal trauma. [merckmanuals.com]

  A painless testicular mass is the classic presentation for testicular cancer, although a number of patients present with diffuse pain or swelling. Ultrasonography may be helpful in confirming the presence of a scrotal mass within the testicle. [aafp.org]

• Amenorrhea

  Research Output 1968 2019 13202 Article 196 Review article 135 Chapter 62 Letter 137 More 2019 Adjuvant Anti-HER2 Therapy, Treatment-Related Amenorrhea, and Survival in Premenopausal HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer Patients Lambertini, M., Campbell, [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

Metastatic Workup After the diagnosis is confirmed by radical inguinal orchiectomy, further studies should include repeated markers for hCG (wait 1 week) and AFP (wait 4 weeks) and CT of the chest and abdomen. [flylib.com]

We report a case of cervical mature teratoma appeared 17 years after treatment of testicular teratocarcinoma. A 20-year-old patient underwent left sided orchiectomy followed by systemic therapy and retroperitoneal residual mass resection in 1989. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lehman et al. reported a case of retroperitoneal mature teratoma 15 years after initial treatment of testicular germ cell tumor [13]. Late relapse was observed up to 32 years after initial treatment [7]. [wjso.biomedcentral.com]

Lehman et al. reported a case of retroperitoneal mature teratoma 15 years after initial treatment of testicular germ cell tumor [ 13 ]. Late relapse was observed up to 32 years after initial treatment [ 7 ]. [link.springer.com]

Once the aspects of the treatment fields are satisfactorily set, x-rays representing the treatment fields are taken. [news.cancerconnect.com]

Randomized comparisons of radiotherapy and nitrosoureas for the treatment of malignant glioma after surgery. ‎ [books.google.es]

Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors NSGCT are very variable in appearance and prognosis. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

Germ cell tumors (germinoma, 90643; germ cell tumor, nonseminomatous, 90653) Seminoma (90613, 90623, 90663; most common 40-50%; slow to spread; more likely to occur in older patients; highly radiosensitive; good prognosis) Non-Seminoma (teratoma and embryonal [training.seer.cancer.gov]

Prognosis of Testicular Cancer (Teratoma of the Testicle) As with many malignancies, early diagnosis and intervention are critical to subsequent prognosis in patients with testicular cancer. [myvmc.com]

Adjusting for these and other factors, survival was 60% higher for men treated in a cancer unit that treated the majority of these men, though the unit treated more men with the worst prognosis. [12] Choriocarcinoma of the testicles has the worst prognosis [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] seminoma and good, intermediate and poor prognosis NSGCT.Table 3: Prognostic-based staging system for metastatic germ cell cancer (iGcccG)Good-prognosis groupNon-seminoma (56% of cases) 5-year PFS 89% 5-year survival 92%All of the following criteria: [dokumen.tips]

(Etiology) The cause of Teratoma of the Testis is unknown. [dovemed.com]

Etiology • Cryptorchidism • Intersex disorder • Testicular atrophy • Chromosomal abnormalities - loss of chromosome 11, 13, 18, abnormal chromosome 12p. • Exogenous estrogen administration to mother during pregnancy • Carcinoma-in-situ • Previous testicular [slideshare.net]

Testicular Tumours epidemiologic, etiologic and pathologic features. Cancer 1973; 32:1186. 8. Kalra VB, Ramdeo IN, Kalra R. Testicular tumors clinicopathological study. Indian J Surg 1977; 39:226. 9. Joshi N, Vickers P, Sharma ML, Joshi RI. [jpgmonline.com]

No clear etiologic or genetic factors have been defined; however, 10% of patients have a history of an undescended testis, 50% of which were intraabdominal. Testis cancers will be bilateral in 2% to 3% of cases, either concurrent or in succession. [flylib.com]

While the clinical evidence for the involvement of genetic factors in the etiology of GCT is undisputed, the assumed Testicular GCT 1 gene has so far not been identified [ 41 ]. [bmcurol.biomedcentral.com]

Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Carcinoma, Embryonal, epidemiology,Child, Child, Preschool, Endodermal Sinus Tumor, epidemiology,Human, Incidence, India, epidemiology,Infant, Male, Middle Age, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary, epidemiology,Retrospective Studies [jpgmonline.com]

Methods We searched our personal archives of references relating to the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of testicular germ cell cancers as well as the Cochrane Database for reviews or meta-analyses. [bmj.com]

Rates are lowest in Asia and Africa and intermediate in Central and South America. [6] Epidemiologic observations have suggested that environmental factors are instrumental in determining risk for testicular cancers. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Br J Cancer 1999 ; 80 : 1859 –63. © International Epidemiological Association 2001 [ije.oxfordjournals.org]

Pathophysiology The cause of testicular cancer is not known. The characteristic genetic change found is an isochromosome of the short arm of chromosome 12 [i(12p)], which is often seen in sporadic cancers. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Transplantation Substance Use and Addiction Surgery Surgical Innovation Surgical Pearls Teachable Moment Technology and Finance The Rational Clinical Examination Tobacco and e-Cigarettes Toxicology Trauma and Injury Treatment Adherence United States Preventive [jamanetwork.com]

These may be used singly or in combination to kill or prevent the growth and division of cells. [thetcrc.org]

[…] tumors Removal of the testis Debulking surgery to reduce tumor size, followed by chemotherapy Clotting the vessels in the tumor (embolization) Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Undertaking treatment of underlying conditions How can Teratoma of the Testis be Prevented [dovemed.com]

Surveillance is not used as often for seminomas because the morbidity of 2 wk of radiation therapy is so low and the results in preventing late relapse so high that there is less reason to try to avoid treatment. [merckmanuals.com]

So, this case represents an exceptional example showing the low efficacy of chemotherapy to prevent sequential testicular neoplasms. (3) Two brothers of case #2 had suffered from testicular cancer, too, one of whom had even bilateral disease. [bmcurol.biomedcentral.com]