Furthermore, being less painful in the postoperative period, it presents a less pronounced impairment of pulmonary function, and it presents good cosmetic effect. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• High Fever

  The patient presented with high fever and agranulocytosis. Complete blood count revealed a white blood cell count of 0.9   109/L (3% neutrophils), a hemoglobin level of 15.8 g/dL, and a platelet count of 308   109/L. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Vietnamese

  The clinical characteristics of thymoma and the outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy in Vietnamese patients are still lacking. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Sputum

  A 67-year old man presented with cough and bloody sputum. Chest computed tomography showed an anterior mediastinal mass with a right hilar nodule. A right upper sleeve lobectomy and a thymectomy were performed via a VATS approach. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Intermittent Dysphagia

  We report the case of a 22-year-old female with a 6-year history of MG presented with bilateral ptosis, diplopia, and intermittent dysphagia. She denied shortness of breath, dysarthria, and fatigue. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Migratory Polyarthritis

  This case report describes a 50-year-old man who presented with migratory polyarthritis and an anterior mediastinal mass that proved to be a thymoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Proximal Muscle Weakness

  On examination,she had moderately severe fatigable proximal muscle weakness and ptosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Secondary Amenorrhea

  We describe an eighteen-year-old girl with MG who was admitted to our clinic with secondary amenorrhea and diagnosed as autoimmune oophoritis. Since her myasthenic symptoms did not resolve with anticholinesterase therapy, thymectomy was performed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Amenorrhea

  We describe an eighteen-year-old girl with MG who was admitted to our clinic with secondary amenorrhea and diagnosed as autoimmune oophoritis. Since her myasthenic symptoms did not resolve with anticholinesterase therapy, thymectomy was performed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Neglect

  Preoperative anxiety (POA) is common but typically neglected in MG patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pre-operative Workup and Preparation Computed tomography – this is almost always obtained pre-operatively if a mediastinal mass is suspected and includes contrast enhancement to evaluate the involvement of the nearby vascular structures. [insidesurgery.com]

You may be required to undergo several diagnostic tests, including: A blood workup EKG CT Scan PET Scan What to Expect Thymectomy is performed under general anesthesia. [northshore.org]

Edrophonium is primarily but rarely used as a diagnostic tool to predict the response to longer-acting cholinesterase inhibitors (see Workup). [43] AChE inhibitors have a wide variability in the effective dose, depending on the severity and current activity [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Lymphopenia

  Abstract An association between T-cell lymphopenia and autoimmunity has long been proposed, but it remains to be elucidated whether T-cell lymphopenia affects B-cell responses to autoantigens. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  PubMed Google Scholar Sfikakis PP, Gourgoulis GM, Moulopoulos LA, Kouvatseas G, Theofilopoulos AN, Dimopoulos MA: Age-related thymic activity in adults following chemotherapy-induced lymphopenia. [jmedicalcasereports.com]

• Abnormal ECG

  Myasthenia gravis is not usually considered in the differential diagnosis of conditions associated with an abnormal ECG. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The effectiveness of extended thymectomy for the treatment of myasthenia gravis is well documented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Finally, thymic lymphoid hyperplasia and severe symptoms may negatively affect prognosis of MG following thymectomy. Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Beghi E, Antozzi C, Batocchi AP, Corneliio F, Cosi V, Evoli A, Lombardi M, Mantegazza R, Monticelli ML, Piccolo G, Tonali P, Trevisan D, Zarrelli M: Prognosis of myasthenia gravis: A multicenter follow-up study of 844 patients. [karger.com]

They emphasize that the duration of the disease is a better indicator of postresection prognosis than gender or youth, concluding that the operation should be indicated early after the onset of symptoms. [peertechz.com]

Abstract Following thorascopic thymectomy performed because of myasthenia gravis, a 25-year-old man was affected by fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) of unknown etiology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Knowledge of the pathogenesis of MG has enabled the development of different therapeutic approaches on a symptomatic and etiologic basis. [annalscts.com]

As the disease has a relatively low incidence and different etiologies, the construction of homogeneous groups in enough number is quite difficult. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Myasthenia gravis: a comprehensive review of immune dysregulation and etiological mechanisms. J Autoimmun 2014 ;52: 90 - 100 23. Alshekhlee A, Miles JD, Katirji B, Preston DC, Kaminski HJ. [nejm.org]

[…] compare the morbidity and mortality of three techniques [cervicotomy with upper sternotomy versus sternotomy versus video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)/robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS)] from the national database EPITHOR and to analyse French epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myasthenia gravis (MG): epidemiological data and prognostic factors. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;998:413–23. . View Article PubMed Google Scholar Beekman R, Kuks JBM, Oosterhuis HJGH. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

A systematic review of population based epidemiological studies in myasthenia gravis. BMC Neurol 2010;10:46. Cea G, Benatar M, Verdugo RJ, Salinas RA. Thymectomy for non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis. [discover.dc.nihr.ac.uk]

For ethical and epidemiological reasons and due to the pathogenesis of MG a single-center study design with higher level of evidence seems difficult to achieve. [edoc.hu-berlin.de]

Progressive disease seen after thymectomy in this patient has potential implications regarding the pathophysiological characteristics of microscopic polyangiitis and management of patients with this clinical association. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pathophysiology is related to the presence of acetylcholine receptors generated in the thymus, which ultimately lead to the symptoms. [scielo.br]

To prevent serious complications, we suggest that patients who have undergone both thymectomy and radiation therapy be monitored for immunodeficiency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In thymic tumors, thymus removal (thymectomy) can be used to prevent spread of disease. [drdimaio.com]