[…] in the present case. [neurologyindia.com]

Background and case: A 38-year-old man presented acutely with left-sided retro-orbital pain, a heavy/numb sensation in his left arm and blurred vision and diplopia on left lateral gaze. [endocrine-abstracts.org]

[…] majority macroadenomas at presentation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Classification and Clinical Presentation of Pituitary Adenomas Cell type Hormone secreted Clinical syndrome Presentation Corresponding diagnostic tests Corticotroph Adrenocorticotropic hormone Cushing disease Symptoms Labile mood, proximal muscle weakness [aafp.org]

During this analysis, patients were recently contacted for updated information on present hormone replacement treatment. [ro-journal.biomedcentral.com]

• Goiter

  A goiter may be present. Some patients may have bulging or protruding of the eye on one side if the tumor has invaded the orbital cavity. In blood tests, T4 and T3 levels are elevated in most patients. [ccpd.ucsf.edu]

  Hyperthyroidism is most usually because of primary thyroid disease, such as autonomous hyperfunctioning nodular goiter or overstimulation by immunoglobulins (Graves’s disease). [link.springer.com]

  […] large mandible), carpal tunnel symptoms, hyperhidrosis, fatigue, proximal muscle weakness, decrease in libido, menstrual changes Signs Hypertension, coarse facial features, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, visceromegaly, hypercalciuria, goiter [aafp.org]

  Goiter, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in patients with acromegaly. Endocr Regul. 2011;45(4):191–7. PubMed View Article Google Scholar Santos A, Resmini E, Martínez MA, Martí C, Ybarra J, Webb SM. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

• Papule

  Called also chromophobic adenoma. prolactin cell adenoma ( prolactin-secreting adenoma ) prolactinoma. adenoma seba´ceum nevoid hyperplasia of sebaceous glands, forming multiple yellow papules or nodules on the face. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Anger

  The only additional history was of anger and mood disturbance. Baseline pituitary function revealed a TSH of 4.5 mU/l with a FT 4 of 28.5 pmol/l (10–24) and FT 3 of 7.6 pmol/l (2.8–7.1). [endocrine-abstracts.org]

Dynamic pituitary MRI has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of mild Cushing's syndrome and should be part of the initial workup. Horm Metab Res. 2007;39(6):451–456. 22. Rennert J, Doerfler A. Imaging of sellar and parasellar lesions. [aafp.org]

• Polyps

  It is normal that after a polyp removal you will continue bleeding some more. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Make the best clinical decisions with an enhanced emphasis on evidence-based practice and expert opinions on treatment strategies. Zero in on the most relevant and useful references with the aid of a more focused, concise bibliography. [books.google.de]

However, radiotherapy and medical treatment, particularly by somatostatin analogs, also belong to the therapeutic armamentarium. [journals.lww.com]

The primary treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas is surgery, radiation and pharmacological agents. [12] Early diagnosis and proper treatment of TSH secreting pituitary adenomas prevent signs and symptoms of mechanical compression of adjacent [neurologyindia.com]

RT as a postoperative treatment option during first-line treatment appeared superior to reserving it for relapsing patients. [ro-journal.biomedcentral.com]

[…] and responsiveness to therapy. [3] Importance of careful morphological study of clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (especially younger patients) by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic examination is useful in assessing prognosis and [neurologyindia.com]

We found that our patients, who represent those with a rather inferior prognosis due to either incomplete resection of extensive tumors or because of relapse after surgery, developed tumor recurrences after median latencies of 36 months with patients [ro-journal.biomedcentral.com]

Diagnosis, management, and prognosis of pituitary tumors. In: Thapar K, Kovacs K, Scheithauer BW, Lloyd RV, eds. Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Tumors. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press; 2001:165–172. 7. [aafp.org]

Incidence and late prognosis of Cushing’s syndrome: a population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(1):117–23. PubMed Google Scholar Invitti C, Pecori Giraldi F, de Martin M, Cavagnini F. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Etiology Most cases occur sporadically. Some cases ( ∼ 5% ) have a genetic/familial association. [amboss.com]

Etiology and Pathophysiology Monoclonal adenohypophysial cell growth Hormonal effects of functional microadenomas often prompt diagnosis before mass effect. [unboundmedicine.com]

Hyperprolactinemia Present Biologically inactive form of prolactin, with no pathologic association Useful to check in patients with hyperprolactinemia who have moderate elevations (100 to 300 mcg per L [4,348 to 13,043 pmol per L]) of serum prolactin with unknown etiology [aafp.org]

Bone demineralization and vertebral fractures in endogenous cortisol excess: role of disease etiology and gonadal status. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(5):1779–84. PubMed View Article Google Scholar Feelders RA, Hofland LJ. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Epidemiology Pituitary adenomas account for about 15% of primary intracranial tumors. Peak incidence : 35–60 years Prevalence : ∼ 80 cases per 100,000 individuals References: [1] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Each entity is extensively discussed with information on clinicopathological, epidemiological, immunophenotypic and genetic aspects of these diseases. The book is an authoritative, concise reference, prepared by 150 authors from 20 countries. [books.google.com]

[…] somatotroph adenoma (growth hormone [GH]) 15–20%, corticotroph adenoma (adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH]) 5–10%, thyrotroph adenoma (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) 1 )[ A ] Defined as microadenoma May secrete hormones and/or cause mass effects Epidemiology [unboundmedicine.com]

Acromegaly: an epidemiological study. J Endocrinol Invest. 1993;16(3):181–7. PubMed View Article Google Scholar Holdaway IM, Rajasoorya C. Epidemiology of acromegaly. Pituitary. 1999;2(1):29–41. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Epidemiology 12% of the US population has adenomas by the 5th decade of life, of which 25% are high-risk (high-grade dysplasia) lesions; the risk of future carcinoma is increased if there is a positive family history and a “high-risk” diet—e.g., high [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

من الصفحات Werner & Ingbar’s The Thyroid: A Fundamental and Clinical Text, 10th Edition has been extensively revised and streamlined to deliver the most comprehensive coverage of the thyroid including anatomy, development, biochemistry, physiology, pathophysiology [books.google.com]

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Carney syndrome Isolated familial acromegaly References: [2] Pathophysiology Pituitary adenomas are well circumscribed, intrasellar tumors with monomorphic, polygonal cells arranged in sheets or cords without any connective [amboss.com]

Etiology and Pathophysiology Monoclonal adenohypophysial cell growth Hormonal effects of functional microadenomas often prompt diagnosis before mass effect. [unboundmedicine.com]

[…] syndrome Symptoms from mass effect; hypopituitarism; silent (nonfunctioning) No specific corresponding test Pituitary carcinoma None No specific syndrome Symptoms from mass effect; hypopituitarism; silent (nonfunctioning) No specific corresponding test Pathophysiology [aafp.org]

Study Group of the Italian Society of Endocrinology on the Pathophysiology of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84(2):440–8. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

The primary treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas is surgery, radiation and pharmacological agents. [12] Early diagnosis and proper treatment of TSH secreting pituitary adenomas prevent signs and symptoms of mechanical compression of adjacent [neurologyindia.com]

In addition, accurate diagnosis prevents improper thyroid ablation in those patients with central hyperthyroidism in whom the clinical manifestations of TSH-omas would not be prevented [ 220 ]. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

At present, most patients are treated as having a clinically nonfunctioning adenoma, and the therapeutic goals are restoration of visual deficits, preservation of pituitary function, and prevention of recurrence. [15] Null cell adenomas and oncocytomas [emedicine.medscape.com]