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2.1
Toxaphene Poisoning
Chlorinated Camphene Toxicity

Presentation

Order that all analysis and quantification report "total" PCC levels present. 3.) [glynnenvironmental.org]

Visit Scenic Alberta The majority of these substances are present in the ecosystems and diets of Arctic peoples as a result of choices (such as using the insecticide toxaphene on cotton fields) by industrial societies elsewhere. [wordnik.com]

Worldwide concern in scientific, industrial, and governmental com munities over traces of toxic chemicals in foodstuHs and in both abiotic and biotic environments has justified the present triumvirate of specialized publications in this field: comprehensive [books.google.com]

Case presentation A 3 year old child was brought in to the emergency department (ED) because of a single, self-limited, tonic-clonic seizure. [calpoison.org]

In the case of ingestion, gastrointestinal irritation (vomiting and diarrhea) are presented. [bvsde.paho.org]

Gastrointestinal

  • Nausea

    […] euphoria with auditory or visual hallucinations and perceptual disturbances Seizures Agitation, lethargy, or unconsciousness Other signs and symptoms include the following: Pulmonary - Cough, shortness of breath Dermatologic - Skin rash Gastrointestinal - Nausea [emedicine.medscape.com]

    In addition, nonspecific neurologic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headaches, and dizziness can also be seen. Myoclonus, increased deep tendon reflexes and tremors are also reported following toxic exposures. [calpoison.org]

    Other Effects Other effects that are observed in the medium or long term after exposure to POPs may include, loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, headaches, sleep alterations, signs that numerous peripheral nerves are affected, liver and renal damage [bvsde.paho.org]

    David Garza recalled that only the hearty, the ones who could tolerate the nausea, stayed on. “We had one man in there at the time go into convulsions,” he said. [texasobserver.org]

Neurologic

  • Seizure

    odorless -Endrin (hexadrin), Canceled, highest acute oral toxicity, high dermal absorption, no lipid storage, most toxic organochlorine; rapid onset seizures; status epilepticus -Chlordane (octachlor, toxichlor, others), canceled, moderate acute oral [quizlet.com]

    As with other toxin-mediated seizures, phenytoin is usually ineffective for organochlorine-induced seizures. It is important to monitor for and recognize the dysrhythmogenic effects of organochlorine agents. [calpoison.org]

    These changes can result in agitation, confusion, and seizures. Cardiac effects have been attributed to sensitization of the myocardium to circulating catecholamines. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  • Dizziness

    In addition, nonspecific neurologic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headaches, and dizziness can also be seen. Myoclonus, increased deep tendon reflexes and tremors are also reported following toxic exposures. [calpoison.org]

    Seizures Agitation, lethargy, or unconsciousness Other signs and symptoms include the following: Pulmonary - Cough, shortness of breath Dermatologic - Skin rash Gastrointestinal - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain Nervous system - Headache, dizziness [emedicine.medscape.com]

  • Giddiness

    ACUTE POISONING The early manifestations of acute poisoning (usually due to exposure to large quantities in a very short time) include an increase in sensitivity and a tingling sensation in the face (especially peribuccal) and limbs, although giddiness [bvsde.paho.org]

Workup

[…] prolongation, nonspecific ST-segment changes Gastrointestinal - Transaminitis and hyperbilirubinemia Hematologic - Leukocytosis and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) Renal - Acidemia, azotemia, creatinine elevation, hyperkalemia See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

Treatment

الصفحات المحددة الصفحة 58 الصفحة 15 الصفحة 31 الصفحة 9 الصفحة 67 عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة anaplasmosis annual cow average Berenil treatment given Birthweight kg Boran and Kenya Boran cattle bush clearance calf viability calving interval calving or birth [books.google.com]

[…] journal Journal American Veterinary Medical Association ISSN : 0003-1488 Other information Language : English Type : Journal Article In AGRIS since : 2012 Volume : 167 Extent : v.577-578(7) All titles : " The use of diazepam and methocarbamol in the treatment [agris.fao.org]

Drug treatments Discipline General pharmacology Origin Inist-CNRS Database PASCAL INIST identifier PASCAL7650103460 Sauf mention contraire ci-dessus, le contenu de cette notice bibliographique peut être utilisé dans le cadre d’une licence CC BY 4.0 Inist-CNRS [pascal-francis.inist.fr]

See Treatment and Medication for more detail. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] dermal absorption, high lipid storage, early and late seizures occur -Endosulfan ( thiodan, cyclodan, others) high acute oral toxicity, high dermal absorption, low lipid storage, strong sulfur odor - Heptachlor (Drinox), restriced; fire ant control; soil treatment [quizlet.com]

Prognosis

The prognosis in patients exposed to organochlorine compounds depends on the amount and type of exposure. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prognosis If the patient survives the convulsions, the possibilities of full recovery are good. [bvsde.paho.org]

[…] selection-associated high mobility group box protein (10 回) ≫ Neoplasms 新生物, 腫瘍 (3 回) MF (2 回) SS (2 回) AD (1 回) ≫ 2014 Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box gene (TOX) is aberrantly over-expressed in mycosis fungoides and correlates with poor prognosis [allie.dbcls.jp]

Where lindane is suspected as a toxin, serum concentrations can help to guide management and prognosis. A level of 0.02 to 0.20 mg/L is indicative of a toxic exposure with higher levels at greater risk for seizures. [calpoison.org]

Epidemiology

As a result, many countries allow their use exclusively in public health campaigns to combat insect vectors of diseases of epidemiological importance, for example, malaria and dengue. Other countries have prohibited or restricted their use. [bvsde.paho.org]

Epidemiology The historic legacy of organochlorine pesticides is both impressive and controversial. [calpoison.org]

Highly toxic organochlorines include: Aldrin Dieldrin [12] Endrin [13] Endosulfan [14, 15] Moderately toxic organochlorines include: Chlordane DDT Heptachlor Kepone Lindane Mirex Toxaphene Epidemiology Organochlorine pesticides are now only rarely used [emedicine.medscape.com]

The epidemiology of the Talagang outbreak suggested that a shipment of food (possibly sugar) was contaminated en route to the city 17. Some simple reported examples from throughout the world 18 show how vulnerable and at what riskwe are. [jpma.org.pk]

[…] exposed only to “a mild to moderate degree of environmental contamination” and “there does not seem to be any demonstrable elevation of their serum pesticide levels or any substantial evidence that there have been any adverse health effects which can be epidemiologically [texasobserver.org]

Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology The major acute effect of the organochlorine agents is central nervous system stimulation. Several mechanisms seem to contribute to this effect. [calpoison.org]

[…] synthesis of DDT by the Swiss chemist Paul Müller in the late 1930s, and the subsequent demonstration of its effectiveness as an insecticide, won Müller the 1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, [3] but DDT was banned in the United States in 1972. [4] Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prevention

When exposure to the irritant is prevented the irritation cannot occur. Thus, the use of appropriate protective equipment can completely prevent the development of primary irritant dermatitis. Table 1. [pmep.cce.cornell.edu]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Acute convulsions associated with endrin poisoning--Pakistan. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1984 Dec 14. 33(49):687-8, 693. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [emedicine.medscape.com]

It is estimated for example, that DDT saved 50 million lives from 1940 to 1953 and prevented an additional 1 billion cases of human infectious disease. [calpoison.org]

These are usually sprayed on plants, both while they are growing and on fruit, vegetable and grain to prevent them from being eaten. These poisons also affect and poison our bodies when we eat food sprayed with pesticides. [drmanik.net]

雑誌名 Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 14 ページ : 52-9 関連する報告書 査読あり [雑誌論文] Levels and regional trends of persistent organochlorines and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Asian breast milk demonstrate POPs signatures unique to individual countries [kaken.nii.ac.jp]

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