Presentation
At present, he is doing well without any long-term complication. [ijccm.org]
Care of respiration and coma if present. 2. Gastric lavage may be done in early presentation. 3. Symptomatic treatment and dialysis if renal failure occurs. 4. Skin lesions irrigated with water. 42. [slideshare.net]
Phenol is no exception to this rule, as seen by its molecular formula; an alcohol group is present in its structure. [study.com]
It is normally present as a liquid and has a potential to cause chemical burns on exposed skin Carbolic acid and its derivative products have a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. [dovemed.com]
In the present study, it has been successfully used as a medium depth chemical peelant which causes wounding, to treat stable vitiligenous areas and patches of alopecia areata. [ijdvl.com]
Entire Body System
- Fever
Exanthematous Fevers, and other Septic diseases,—Sodium Sulpho-carbolate internally in 5-grain doses every two or three hours, has been much praised by many practitioners. [henriettes-herb.com]
Significant esophageal involvement may occur in absence of oropharyngeal lesions. 2- Early mild fever correlates with tissue necrosis. 3- Respiratory distress may be caused by aspiration mediastinitis as well as acute upper airway obstruction. [slideshare.net]
- Severe Pain
It is a normal skin reaction, but in case of severe pain anesthetics are recommended. [cosmetology-info.com]
Clinical picture • Pain – immediate – severe burning pain – extending from the mouth to the stomach. • Corrosions – In alkali burn to lip, tongue, oral mucosa and esophagus. [slideshare.net]
- Rigor
[…] arresting decomposition and destroying low organisms. ʒss to ʒj causes a sense of heat, discomfort and oppression, followed by profuse perspiration and languor; if fever has existed the temperature is lowered several degrees, but rises again, after a rigor [henriettes-herb.com]
Respiratoric
- Dyspnea
Glottic and subglottic edema are rare and manifest as stridor and dyspnea. 4- Hypotension, tachycardia and changes in mental status signify shock. 5- Sepsis may develop shortly after presentation secondary to bacterial colonization of dead tissue. 6- [slideshare.net]
Gastrointestinal
- Nausea
When ingested, it causes extensive local corrosions, pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and diarrhea. Severe gastrointestinal burns are uncommon and strictures are rare. Inhalation produces respiratory tract irritation and pneumonia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
For clinical use of phenol >15%, it is recommended - to have a cardio monitoring of the patient, followed by a board certified anaesthesist - any solution of phenol >5% damage the oesophagus in case of ingestion and provoke nausea and patient give up [endopeel.com]
AND KIDNEYS Blue- or green-colored urine Decreased urine output No urine output EYES, EARS, NOSE, MOUTH, AND THROAT Severe burns in the mouth and food pipe (esophagus) Yellow eyes STOMACH AND INTESTINES Abdominal pain - severe Bloody stools Diarrhea Nausea [medlineplus.gov]
There are cold, clammy skin, nausea, vomiting, weak shallow breathing, weak rapid pulse, mental depression and anxiety, or coma and prostration, followed by recovery or death. [chestofbooks.com]
[…] turn pale yellow (yellow eyes) Bluish discoloration of lips and beneath fingernails Respiratory difficulties, which may be severe if the chemical is inhaled; wheezing Urination difficulties (little or no urine production); blue/green urine Headache Nausea [dovemed.com]
- Vomiting
[…] in the affected individual Following an ingestion of the substance, immediately give milk to drink (if instructed by the healthcare professional) In case of symptoms that indicate difficulty in swallowing including vomiting or decreased alertness, do [dovemed.com]
When ingested, it causes extensive local corrosions, pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and diarrhea. Severe gastrointestinal burns are uncommon and strictures are rare. Inhalation produces respiratory tract irritation and pneumonia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
These include vomiting, convulsions, or a decreased level of alertness. If the chemical is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes. [medlineplus.gov]
Pyrogallic Acid is exceedingly poisonous, the symptoms coming on in rapid succession, with headache, vomiting and purging, collapse, etc. [henriettes-herb.com]
Induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. Medical observation is recommended for 2448 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. [chemicalbook.com]
- Diarrhea
When ingested, it causes extensive local corrosions, pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and diarrhea. Severe gastrointestinal burns are uncommon and strictures are rare. Inhalation produces respiratory tract irritation and pneumonia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Exposure to high levels of phenol causes liver damage, diarrhea and anemia and can even lead to paralysis and severe injury to heart, liver, kidneys and lungs. Camphor is also potentially toxic. [livestrong.com]
BLADDER AND KIDNEYS Blue- or green-colored urine Decreased urine output No urine output EYES, EARS, NOSE, MOUTH, AND THROAT Severe burns in the mouth and food pipe (esophagus) Yellow eyes STOMACH AND INTESTINES Abdominal pain - severe Bloody stools Diarrhea [medlineplus.gov]
[…] discoloration of lips and beneath fingernails Respiratory difficulties, which may be severe if the chemical is inhaled; wheezing Urination difficulties (little or no urine production); blue/green urine Headache Nausea, vomiting (blood in vomit may be seen) Diarrhea [dovemed.com]
• Abdomen – Alkali:Abdominal pain and Diarrhea ( blood stained mucoid) – Sulphuric acid: constipation “early" due to sever vomiting and nothing pass to intestine and late due to stricture. • Respiratory exposure: strider, dyspnea and pulmonary edema [slideshare.net]
- Abdominal Pain
BLADDER AND KIDNEYS Blue- or green-colored urine Decreased urine output No urine output EYES, EARS, NOSE, MOUTH, AND THROAT Severe burns in the mouth and food pipe (esophagus) Yellow eyes STOMACH AND INTESTINES Abdominal pain - severe Bloody stools Diarrhea [medlineplus.gov]
[…] difficulties, which may be severe if the chemical is inhaled; wheezing Urination difficulties (little or no urine production); blue/green urine Headache Nausea, vomiting (blood in vomit may be seen) Diarrhea; bloody stools Stomach and abdominal pain [dovemed.com]
Symptoms may include burning pain in mouth and throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, muscular weakness, central nervous system effects, increase in heart rate, irregular breathing, coma, and possibly death. [glue.umd.edu]
Cardiovascular
- Cyanosis
Acute poisoning causes an increased respiration rate, followed by a decreased respiration rate, decreased body temperature, cyanosis, muscular weakness, weak or occasionally rapid pulse and coma. Death is usually the result of respiratory failure. [npi.gov.au]
In a few minutes after absorption it starts to affect brain tissue causing disruption of the central nervous system, mucous membrane and respiratory tract irritation, convulsions, cyanosis and cognitive dysfunction. [cosmetology-info.com]
Skin contact lead to local erosion which may lead to cyanosis and gangrene. 2. Fume inhalation may lead to renal failure. 50. Management Gastric lavage. [slideshare.net]
Skin
- Skin Disease
[…] formulation • diabetes • oncological diseases • skin diseases (eczema, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis) • menstruation • increased body temperature of any origin • infectious diseases • mental disorders • thyroid disease • periods of intense sun exposure [cosmetology-info.com]
Parasitic Skin Diseases. Synovitis. Abscesses. Uterine and other Ulcers. Hydrocele. Pulmonary Phthisis. [henriettes-herb.com]
It is a known phenomenon that skin diseases induce post inflammatory hyperpigmentation. [ijdvl.com]
—Carbolic acid is an efficient parasiticide, and is largely used in destroying the fungus of ringworm and of the skin disease known as pityriasis versicolor. [en.wikisource.org]
- Flushing
If polyethylene glycol is not available, flush with water for at least 30 minutes prior to going to hospital. Get medical attention immediately. [glue.umd.edu]
If the chemical is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes. [medlineplus.gov]
- Sweating
When ingested, it causes extensive local corrosions, pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and diarrhea. Severe gastrointestinal burns are uncommon and strictures are rare. Inhalation produces respiratory tract irritation and pneumonia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] may be lifethreatening if inhaled) NERVOUS SYSTEM Coma (decreased level of consciousness and lack of responsiveness) Seizures Hyperactivity Lack of alertness (stupor) SKIN Blue lips and fingernails Burns Yellow skin WHOLE BODY Excessive thirst Heavy sweating [medlineplus.gov]
- Cold, Clammy Skin
There are cold, clammy skin, nausea, vomiting, weak shallow breathing, weak rapid pulse, mental depression and anxiety, or coma and prostration, followed by recovery or death. [chestofbooks.com]
Neurologic
- Convulsions
The phenol systemic toxicity can stimulate the nervous system and may provoke convulsions and arythmies with a central posterior depression. [endopeel.com]
The symptoms of poisoning by strong phenol are, then: corrosion of the alimentary tract, followed by collapse, coma, and perhaps convulsions. 3. [chestofbooks.com]
Treatment includes the following: shock (fluids and dopamine), arrhythmias (lidocaine) and convulsions (diazepam). Health personnel should use gowns and rubber gloves. Inhalation of 100% oxygen is recommended. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
CNS stimulation followed by depression Headache, convulsion, drowsiness, confusion, coma. Constricted pupil. b. Respiratory depression c. Heart: myocardial d. [slideshare.net]
He also started having refractory convulsions which required multiple antiepileptic drugs. Both liver and renal function improved slowly. [ijccm.org]
- Seizure
Headache Nausea, vomiting (blood in vomit may be seen) Diarrhea; bloody stools Stomach and abdominal pain that may be severe and cramping Increased heart-rate Reduced blood pressure (hypotension) Over-excitement Disorientation, low level of alertness Seizures [dovemed.com]
Systemic manifestations develop after 5 to 30 minutes postingestion or post dermal application, and may produce nausea, vomiting, lethargy or coma, hypotension, tachycardia or bradycardia, dysrhythmias, seizures, acidosis, hemolysis, methemoglobinemia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Stomach pain HEART AND BLOOD Low blood pressure Rapid heart rate LUNGS AND AIRWAYS Deep, rapid breathing Wheezing Trouble breathing (may be lifethreatening if inhaled) NERVOUS SYSTEM Coma (decreased level of consciousness and lack of responsiveness) Seizures [medlineplus.gov]
[…] site Vision changes if the chemical gets into your eyes Cough or shortness of breath In severe cases, you may develop any of the following: Low blood pressure Faintness, weakness, dizziness Shortness of breath Severe cough Headache Muscle twitching or seizures [webmd.com]
Manage sedation, seizures, renal failure, and fluid electrolyte imbalances symptomatically as indicated. 5. [glue.umd.edu]
- Dizziness
Immediately call 911 if you have a severe injury, any shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, or other symptoms throughout your body. If you are aiding an injured person with these symptoms, lay the person down and immediately call 911. [webmd.com]
The symptoms of prolonged exposures and poisoning include, but are not limited to, vomiting, diffi culty in swallowing, diarrhea, lack of appetite, headache, fainting, dizziness, mental disturbances, and skin rash. [chemicalbook.com]
Symptoms may include burning pain in mouth and throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, muscular weakness, central nervous system effects, increase in heart rate, irregular breathing, coma, and possibly death. [glue.umd.edu]
- Vertigo
These include vertigo, digestive difficulties, skin eruptions, nervous problems and headaches. Death may occur when liver or kidney problems become severe. Entering the body Phenol will enter the body by breathing, through the skin or by ingestion. [npi.gov.au]
Other symptoms of undue absorption are vertigo, deafness, sounds in the ears, stupefaction, a subnormal temperature, nausea, vomiting and a weak pulse (Sir Thomas Fraser). The antidote in cases of carbolic acid poisoning is any soluble sulphate. [en.wikisource.org]
- Stupor
[…] pressure Rapid heart rate LUNGS AND AIRWAYS Deep, rapid breathing Wheezing Trouble breathing (may be lifethreatening if inhaled) NERVOUS SYSTEM Coma (decreased level of consciousness and lack of responsiveness) Seizures Hyperactivity Lack of alertness (stupor [medlineplus.gov]
Respiration, at first increased, is soon depressed, the pupils are contracted, and the brain and spinal cord are directly affected,—stupor, coma, suspended reflexes, impaired motility and sensibility being produced. [henriettes-herb.com]
Treatment
Emergency personnel are trained to assess the extent of a chemical burn, begin treatment, and transport victims to the most appropriate hospital. [webmd.com]
Eleven of the patients had received treatment with local and intralesional steroids, but had not responded to treatment. Six subjects had used minoxidil without any improvement. [ijdvl.com]
For example by absolute contraindications for laser treatment and dermabrasion by patients with serious cosmetic defects that significantly affect quality of life. [cosmetology-info.com]
Treatment includes the following: shock (fluids and dopamine), arrhythmias (lidocaine) and convulsions (diazepam). Health personnel should use gowns and rubber gloves. Inhalation of 100% oxygen is recommended. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
A saline infusion may, however, be of great value in the treatment of collapse and to promote diuresis; and it would be well to add 1 per cent. of sodium sulphate to this. The treatment is that for collapse. [chestofbooks.com]
Prognosis
The prognosis of Carbolic Acid Poisoning is dependent on the amount of substance consumed, time between consumption and treatment, severity of the symptoms, as well as general health status of the patient If the individual can recover from the symptoms [dovemed.com]
Endoscopy • Early endoscopy in symptomatic ingestions to define problem & prognosis. • Serial endoscopy is useful in following patient's clinical course. » From day 5 to 15 endoscopy should be avoided because during this period of maximal wound softening [slideshare.net]
Epidemiology
Seite 69 - Epidemiology is defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems. [books.google.de]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology 1. Local mild corrosive effect. 2. [slideshare.net]
Prevention
PCMX is also combined with hexachlorophene to enhance its antibacterial spectrum and to prevent contamination by gram-negative organisms. [msdvetmanual.com]
Therefore drug intake can affect liver slowing down phenol metabolism and should be avoided for this reason to prevent severe intoxication. [cosmetology-info.com]
These have more solvent powers for carbolic than the liquids of the protoplasm, so tend not only to prevent penetration, but also to extract the carbolic from the tissues. [chestofbooks.com]
Glycerine was applied over the exposed skin as local therapy to prevent further absorption of carbolic acid. Initially, kept nil orally for 2 days and then started taking liquids followed by solids without any difficulty. [ijccm.org]