Age and Sex edits from the Medicare Code Editor alert you to codes that are used only with patients of a specific age or sex, helping to ensure accurate reporting Present on Admission symbol highlights the diseases that will always be coded as present [books.google.com]

Often acetaminophen may be present in several medications which could cause you to take a dose of acetaminophen that exceeds the safe limits. [patients.gi.org]

Further comment is not possible, she says, without seeing more findings than those in a brief abstract presented at the meeting. [webmd.com]

Information presented in the LiverTox database is derived from the scientific literature and public databases and reflects professional expertise of the authors. Such information does not represent official policy of the U.S. [livertox.nih.gov]

At present, DILIN has developed protocols for both retrospective and prospective studies of drug-induced liver disease. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Pain

  Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy, Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Caries, Prevention Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cataracts (Prevention) Cataracts, Diabetic Cavities, Prevention Cerebral Vascular Accident Cervical Dysplasia Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) Cervical Pain [therapy.epnet.com]

  Others may have Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Dark-colored urine and pale bowel movements Stomach pain Jaundice, yellowing of skin and eyes Some forms of hepatitis are mild, and others can be serious. [icdlist.com]

  Pain in the abdomen. Nausea. Vomiting. Headache. Diarrhea. White stools. Rash. Build-up of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Jaundice (yellowing of eyes and skin). Enlarged liver. Fatigue. Weight loss. Loss of appetite. [drugabuse.com]

  Prescription and over-the-counter arthritis and pain medications are widely used. NSAIDs, which are taken to alleviate headache and a variety of pain symptoms, can cause idiosyncratic liver toxicity. [aafp.org]

• Fatigue

  Chronic fatigue can stem from a number of origins and immediately assuming liver dysfunction and overreacting inappropriately should be avoided. [globalhealingcenter.com]

  Immune Deficiency Syndrome (CFIDS) Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Chronic Hepatitis Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic Pancreatitis Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (in men) Chronic Prostatitis Cigarette Addiction Cigarette Smokers, Nutrition Cirrhosis [therapy.epnet.com]

  Lack of energy and mental confusion Toxic liver disease can cause fatigue, weakness, and lack of energy. Fatigue in combination with nausea, diarrhea, and loss of appetite are the first signs of liver failure, requiring immediate medical attention. [powerofpositivity.com]

  The symptoms of vitamin A toxicity may include bone and muscle aches, orange discoloration of skin, fatigue, and headache. [medicinenet.com]

  Fatigue. Abdomen swelling (peritoneal ascites). Swelling of limbs (peripheral edema). Generalized edema (anasarca). Itching. [drugabuse.com]

• Falling

  INH toxicity is considered to fall into this class. Not all drugs fall neatly into one of these categories, and overlapping mechanisms may occur with some drugs (eg, halothane). [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Even different drugs themselves can alter the rate of metabolism; some drugs fall into the class of enzyme inducers, which boost metabolism, while others are classified as enzyme inhibitors, which reduce the speed in which a drug is broken down. [drugabuse.com]

• Dyspnea

  Signs/Symptoms of Cirrhotic Decompensation Causes Upper GI bleeding Variceal hemorrhage Confusion Encephalopathy Abdominal distention Ascites Edema Hypoalbuminemia Jaundice Hyperbilirubinemia (liver insufficiency) Dyspnea Pleural effusion (hydrothorax [hiv.va.gov]

• Nausea

  Lack of appetite Nausea, vomiting, and/or lack of appetite have all been linked to toxic liver disease. As a result of the nausea, patients may also experience weight loss. Leptin is a hormone secreted by the body to make you feel full after eating. [powerofpositivity.com]

  Others may have Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Dark-colored urine and pale bowel movements Stomach pain Jaundice, yellowing of skin and eyes Some forms of hepatitis are mild, and others can be serious. [icdlist.com]

  Symptoms of nitrofurantoin hepatitis include: fatigue, fever, muscle and joint aches, poor appetite, nausea, weight loss, vomiting, jaundice, and sometimes itching. [medicinenet.com]

  When signs and symptoms of toxic hepatitis occur, they may include: Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) Itching Abdominal pain in the upper right portion of the abdomen Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Rash Weight loss [mayoclinic.org]

  Ounce of prevention Algae toxins can cause nausea and vomiting if ingested; rash or hay fever symptoms if touched or inhaled; and liver disease if drank. "Just looking at a bloom, you can't tell if it has toxins," said Lee, the OSU professor. [tcpalm.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  When signs and symptoms of toxic hepatitis occur, they may include: Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) Itching Abdominal pain in the upper right portion of the abdomen Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Rash Weight loss [mayoclinic.org]

  Counsel patients to promptly contact their health care provider for the following signs or symptoms: fatigue, weakness, vague abdominal pain, loss of appetite, itching, easy bruising, or yellowing of the eyes or skin. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Patients should be made aware of symptoms of liver injury, such as jaundice, anorexia, nausea, pruritus, fatigue and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. [aafp.org]

  In patients with chronic liver disease but without cirrhosis, abdominal imaging can be completely normal or can show fatty liver, a nonspecific finding. Useful radiology studies include abdominal ultrasound, abdominal CT scan, and abdominal MRI. [hiv.va.gov]

• Jaundice

  In addition to the elevation of ALT and AST levels, cases of liver necrosis, jaundice, and fulminant hepatitis with and without jaundice have occurred. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Others may have Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Dark-colored urine and pale bowel movements Stomach pain Jaundice, yellowing of skin and eyes Some forms of hepatitis are mild, and others can be serious. [icdlist.com]

  In advanced cases, patients will develop enlarged livers and spleens, jaundice, and ascites (abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen). [medicinenet.com]

  Jaundice Yellowing of the skin, nails and/or the whites of the eyes can reveal underlying toxicity. Jaundice signals that this disease has progressed to cirrhosis and you should seek medical help immediately. 2. [powerofpositivity.com]

  All rights reserved In the later stages of cirrhosis, jaundice occurs and gallstones are more common because insufficient levels of bile reach the gallbladder. [liver.ca]

• Osteoporosis

  […] collagen disease 甲状腺機能亢進症 hyperthyroidism 甲状腺機能低下症 hypothyroidism 甲状腺中毒症 thyrotoxicosis 後天性免疫不全症候群 acquired immune deficiency syndrome 高コレステロール血症 hypercholesterolemia 高トリグリセリド血症 hypertriglyceridemia 高リポ蛋白血症 hyperlipoproteinemia ゴーシェ病 Gaucher disease 骨粗鬆症 osteoporosis [jsge.or.jp]

• Myalgia

  […] jaundice Phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, primidone - Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (ie, triad of fever, rash, and liver injury) Para-amino salicylate, phenytoin, sulfonamides - Serum sickness syndrome Clofibrate - Muscular syndrome (ie, myalgia [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Pruritus

  Cholestyramine may be used for alleviation of pruritus. Ursodeoxycholic acid may be used. Lastly, consulting a hepatologist is also helpful. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Patients should be made aware of symptoms of liver injury, such as jaundice, anorexia, nausea, pruritus, fatigue and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. [aafp.org]

  Fatigue Weight loss Inability to concentrate Decreased libido Pruritus (in cholestatic liver diseases) Physical examination Perform a thorough physical examination with special attention to the abdomen, skin, and neurologic system. [hiv.va.gov]

• Confusion

  High amounts of ammonia affect the brain resulting in confusion, brain damage, coma and can cause death. [livestrong.com]

  People become confused, disoriented, and drowsy, with changes in personality, behavior, and mood. Doctors base the diagnosis on symptoms, results of the examination, and response to treatment. [merckmanuals.com]

  Untreated, this can even lead to mental confusion. 3. Lack of appetite Nausea, vomiting, and/or lack of appetite have all been linked to toxic liver disease. As a result of the nausea, patients may also experience weight loss. [powerofpositivity.com]

  Early symptoms may be mild and include: Breath with a musty or sweet odor Changes in sleep patterns Changes in thinking Mild confusion Forgetfulness Personality or mood changes Poor concentration and judgment Worsening of handwriting or loss of other [medlineplus.gov]

  RELATED: Confused About Alternative Medicine? New Website Sorts Hope From Hype 2. Know what’s in it. Some herbal products, such as milk thistle, are known to be safe, Dr. Lewis says. [everydayhealth.com]

• Kidney Failure

  Infections, kidney failure, and changes in sodium and potassium levels need to be treated. Medicines are given to help lower ammonia level and improve brain function. [medlineplus.gov]

  These include: Kidney disease. Shock (reduction in systemic blood flow). Heart failure. Liver disease. [drugabuse.com]

  NSAIDs are safe when used properly and as prescribed by doctors; however, patients with cirrhosis and advanced liver disease should avoid NSAIDs since they can worsen liver function (and cause kidney failure as well). [medicinenet.com]

  Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is a serious condition where fat builds in the liver; it can be dangerous to the baby and mother, especially if it leads to liver or kidney failure. [draxe.com]

[…] cardiovascular causes, especially right-sided heart failure Cholecystitis Cholangitis Budd-Chiari syndrome Alcoholic liver disease Cholestatic liver disease Pregnancy-related conditions of liver Malignancy Wilson disease Hemochromatosis Coagulation disorders Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

Another ARV, FTC, is also active against HBV, but is not approved for treatment of HBV. [hiv.va.gov]

When treatment with a potentially hepatotoxic medication is deemed necessary, the drug should be used with caution and under close supervision. [aafp.org]

No specific treatment is indicated for drug-induced hepatic disease. Treatment is largely supportive and based on symptomatology. The first step is to discontinue the suspected drug. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a systematic review. J Hepatol. 2004;40(3):491-500. 7. Sherman KE, Sjogren M, et al. [passeportsante.net]

The rate of recovery increases if you receive treatment before the condition gets worse. Hepatic encephalopathy and its symptoms can be reversible with proper treatment. [healthline.com]

The first two stages of the disease have a good prognosis. Stage three and four have a poor prognosis. Call your provider if you or people around you notice any problems with your mental state or nervous system function. [medlineplus.gov]

The prognosis is highly variable depending on the patient's presentation and stage of liver damage. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The dose toxic to the liver is quite variable from person to person and is often thought to be lower in chronic alcoholics. [16] [17] Measurement of blood level is important in assessing prognosis, higher levels predicting a worse prognosis. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis and life expectancy in chronic liver disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1995;40:1805–15. 10. Thun MJ, Peto R, Lopez AD, Monaco JH, Henley SJ, Heath CW, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly U.S. adults. [aafp.org]

AFP level does not correlate well with other clinical features of HCC, such as size, stage, or prognosis. Based on a systematic review, with a cutoff of 20 mcg/L, AFP has sensitivity of 41-65% and specificity of 80-94%. [hiv.va.gov]

ICD-10-CM Codes › K00-K95 Diseases of the digestive system › K70-K77 Diseases of liver › Use Additional Use Additional Help Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10data.com]

Manifestation code identifies conditions for which it is important to record both the etiology and the symptom of the disease. [books.google.com]

The term “chronic liver disease” encompasses a large number of conditions having different etiologies and existing on a continuum between hepatitis infection and cirrhosis. [aafp.org]

The outcome of acute liver failure is determined by etiology, the degree of hepatic encephalopathy present upon admission, and complications such as infections. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology of hepatitis C. Hepatology. 1997;26(3 suppl 1):S62–5. 5. Zein NN, Rakela J, Krawitt EL, Reddy KR, Tominaga T, Persing DH. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in the United States: epidemiology, pathogenicity, and response to interferon therapy. [aafp.org]

The Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Global Perspective.. [sugarscience.ucsf.edu]

Veterans with HIV* Cirrhosis: 2% Decompensated liver disease: 1% HCC: 0.3% HCV: 28% HBV: 11% Epidemiology of HIV and Liver Diseases High morbidity and mortality: In the U.S. general population, cirrhosis accounts for 40,000 deaths per year and for the [hiv.va.gov]

Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 94. Wong MP, Moitra VK. Hepatic encephalopathy. In: Fleisher LA, Roizen MF, Roizen JD, eds. [medlineplus.gov]

[…] and mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury Pathophysiologic mechanisms The pathophysiologic mechanisms of hepatotoxicity are still being explored and include both hepatocellular and extracellular mechanisms. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Cachexia Calcium Oxalate Stones Cancer Prevention (Reducing the Risk) Cancer Treatment Support Candida Candida/Yeast Hypersensitivity Syndrome Canker Sores Car Sickness Cardiac Arrhythmia Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy, Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Caries, Prevention [therapy.epnet.com]

This article reviews preventive measures that have been shown to be effective or to have a scientific rationale in the management of chronic liver disease. [aafp.org]

Treating liver problems may prevent HE. Avoiding heavy drinking and intravenous drug use can prevent many liver disorders. Hepatic coma; Encephalopathy - hepatic; Hepatic encephalopathy; Portasystemic encephalopathy Ferri FF. Hepatic encephalopathy. [medlineplus.gov]

The best way to prevent hepatic encephalopathy is to prevent or manage liver disease. You can lower your chances of getting liver disease by taking these steps: Avoid alcohol or consume it in moderation. Avoid high-fat foods. [healthline.com]

Complications of liver disease occur when regeneration is either incomplete or prevented by progressive development of scar tissue within the liver. [uihc.org]