Two patients with TBM are presented. In one case, a marked decrease of elastic and smooth muscle tissue was present in the bronchial biopsy specimens, obtained by rigid bronchoscopy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A case is described which presented as a severe life threatening pneumonia in which the bronchoscopic, radiographic, and computed tomographic findings are given. [doi.org]

We describe a case of an elderly male who presented with a recurrent respiratory infection who was subsequently diagnosed as Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. [jacpjournal.org]

We present an interesting report of our patient who presented with acute shortness of breath. A diagnosis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism was suggested by initial evaluation. [lungindia.com]

• Hypoxemia

  Studies of lung function and blood gas composition reveal pronounced degree of combined ventilatory insufficiency and hypoxemia. B ronchofibroscopy helps to establish the correct diagnosis. [funomtheophilusmakama.blogspot.com]

• Fracture

  For the same photo without the arrows, click here eMedicine Carol A Boles, MD Wrist, Scaphoid Fractures and Complications [learningradiology.com]

  […] loss Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy Muscular dystrophy Witkop syndrome Brugada syndrome Ruzicka Goerz Anton syndrome Sacral hemangiomas multiple congenital abnormalities Trisomy 2 mosaicism Epidermolysis bullosa Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia corner fracture [checkrare.com]

• Ankylosis

  […] albinism type 2 Male pseudohermaphroditism intellectual disability syndrome, Verloes type Spinocerebellar ataxia 4 Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency Intrinsic factor deficiency ALG8-CDG (CDG-Ih) Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Ankylosis [checkrare.com]

• Suggestibility

  Woodring et al. (1991) suggested the following diagnostic criteria for tracheomegaly in adults based on chest radiography: Adult Males: Tracheal transverse diameter > 25 mm and sagittal diameter > 27 mm. [en.wikipedia.org]

  While the diagnosis may be suggested on chest radiographs, bronchography in the past has been the definitive diagnostic modality. Recently, however, computed tomography has been used to confirm the diagnosis of TBM. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  As the name suggests, there is enlargement of the trachea (coronal diameter > 25 mm measured 2 cm above the aortic arch) and central bronchi. [roentgenrayreader.blogspot.com]

  A diagnosis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was suggested. Doppler ultrasound evaluation of bilateral lower limbs was negative for deep venous thrombosis. [lungindia.com]

Although her HIV has been well-managed, clinical management of future exacerbations could lead to complicated and extensive infectious disease workups. [cureus.com]

Management and treatment Treatment is symptomatic. Chest physiotherapy can be proposed to improve mucociliary clearance and antibiotics are administered for treatment of pulmonary infections. [orpha.net]

A standard form was used to record patient characteristics, treatments and follow-up from medical charts. RESULTS: Seventeen patients, 53% male, aged 58 ± 18 years at diagnosis were included. Recurrent infections revealed MKS in 88% of cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The possible relationship between the two entities is discussed and the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, prognosis and treatment of TBM are reviewed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cystic or cylindrical bronchiectasis affecting particularly first- to fourth-order branches may also be present Prognosis - Tracheobronchomegaly Not supplied. Treatment - Tracheobronchomegaly Not supplied. [checkorphan.org]

Treatment and prognosis Treatment is usually conservative with physiotherapy and postural drainage. Acute exacerbations are treated with antibiotics. In rare instances, tracheal stenting has been used 4. [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis The impact of this condition on life expectancy has not been evaluated. [orpha.net]

We also hypothesize that TBM and generalized elastolysis may have etiological commonalities, suggesting a need for further study. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiologic mechanism remains unknown. Irritants like cigarette smoke and air pollution could act as irritating factors. [orpha.net]

Summary Epidemiology It is a rare underdiagnosed condition of unknown prevalence. About 300 cases have been reported to date. The condition is more frequent in men. [orpha.net]

While no epidemiologic study has been published, MKS has been found to disproportionally affect men with an 8:1 male to female ratio [4-5]. [cureus.com]

We introduce a novel classification scheme, which may sort patients into etiologically distinct groups, furthering our understanding of its pathogenesis and potentially, prevention or therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention - Tracheobronchomegaly Not supplied. Diagnosis - Tracheobronchomegaly The diagnosis is radiological. The dilatation of the trachea and the main bronchi is visible on the chest radiograph. [checkorphan.org]

Control and prevention of recurrent infections will prevent progression to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Several trials have also shown benefit of continuous positive airway pressure, airway stenting, and tracheobronchoplasty [9]. [cureus.com]

Since 1981, we have specialized in treating dysfunction related to the spine and offer on and offsite spine school for prevention. [backclinicinc.com]

Success has been achieved in few cases with tracheal stenting to prevent expiratory collapse(6). [rb.org.br]