Two patients with TBM are presented. In one case, a marked decrease of elastic and smooth muscle tissue was present in the bronchial biopsy specimens, obtained by rigid bronchoscopy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A case is described which presented as a severe life threatening pneumonia in which the bronchoscopic, radiographic, and computed tomographic findings are given. [doi.org]

Features nearly 2,500 illustrations - 2,350 in full color - which depict each abnormality or condition as they present in practice. Presents practical information on autopsy techniques and protocols. [books.google.de]

• Recurrent Infection

  May lead to recurrent infections and bronchiectasis. May be primary or due to relapsing polychondritis, chronic airway inflammation or infection, chronic bronchitis, trauma (intubation) or cystic fibrosis. [roentgenrayreader.blogspot.com]

  He had a history of chronic bronchitis and recurrent respiratory infections. After endotracheal intubation and tube-cuff inflation, a severe peritubal air leak was identified. [nejm.org]

  The hallmark of it is a dilatation of the main airways which frequently, but not always, causes marked, mainly respiratory, symptoms, and patients usually present with varying degrees of recurrent infections, breathlessness, haemoptysis, dyspnoea. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Differential Diagnosis List Mounier-Kuhn syndrome Recurrent respiratory tract infection and bronchiectasis Williams-Campbell syndrome Tracheomalacia [eurorad.org]

• Recurrent Respiratory Infection

  Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS) or tracheobronchomegaly includes clinical and radiographic findings of tracheobronchial dilatation and recurrent respiratory infections. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  We describe a case of an elderly male who presented with a recurrent respiratory infection who was subsequently diagnosed as Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. [jacpjournal.org]

  He had a history of chronic bronchitis and recurrent respiratory infections. After endotracheal intubation and tube-cuff inflation, a severe peritubal air leak was identified. [nejm.org]

• Pain

  A 4-year-old girl suffered from dyspnea, recurrent respiratory infections and joint pain. Chest radiography detected peribronchial reinforcement and CT-scan revealed extended tracheal dilatation and bronchiectasis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Diagnosis for Case of the Week - August 19, 2005 33 year old African American Male Presents with: fever, chills cough with green spuitum pleuritic chest pain History of recurrent pneumonia since age nine with multiple hospitalizations Also c/o nausea, [radiology.vcu.edu]

  Therapists have special training in women’s health issues including back pain during pregnancy, osteoporosis and pelvic floor dysfunction. [backclinicinc.com]

  CONCLUSION: A 28 year old non-smoker male came with cough, fever, dyspnoea and chest pain since one month with chest x-ray showed prominent trachea with emphysematous lung fields. [jemds.com]

  A 36-year-old Caucasian male presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath, fevers, pleuritic chest pain and productive cough for 10 days. He was treated for pneumonia with four days of azithromycin prior to admission. [omicsonline.org]

• Asymptomatic

  Asymptomatic patients usually require no treatment. Smoking cessation is beneficial. Symptomatic patients can be managed by bronchodilators, antibiotics, and chest physiotherapy and postural drainage. [eurorad.org]

  Primarily a disease of middle aged males, it has varied clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic disease with well-preserved lung function to severe respiratory failure and death. [lungindia.com]

  In mild cases, patients are asymptomatic or present only with chronic cough and have normal pulmonary function. [orpha.net]

  He tries very hard to post teaching cases and has decided to skip the multiple-choice questions in the following chest case, which is that of an asymptomatic 56-year-old male. Questions in this case are: 1. Where is the lesion? 2. [blog.myesr.org]

• Sputum

  The abnormally widened trachea and mainstem bronchi are associated with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection and copious purulent sputum production, eventually leading to bronchiectasis and other respiratory complications. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Complaints at the time of presentation included chronic cough, purulent sputum, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. There were recurrent pulmonary infections in seven cases, bronchiectasis in six, and tracheal diverticulum in four at the time of diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Dyspnea Hemoptysis Pleuritic pain Fever Weakness Weight loss Physical Findings: Crackles (70%) Rhonchi (44%) Wheezing (34%) Clubbing (3%) Cyanosis Nasal polyps Diagnosis: Primary evaluation CBC with differential Immunoglobulin quantification, HIV Sputum [radiology.vcu.edu]

  […] of secretions in broad outpouchings predispose to the development of Pulmonary fibrosis Emphysema Bronchiectasis C hronic pulmonary suppuration Clinical findings Recurrent pneumonia Dyspnea Cough Hoarseness Production of copious amounts of purulent sputum [learningradiology.com]

  […] manifest at various ages but is usually diagnosed in young adults with recurrent bronchopulmonary infections (e.g. bronchitis, pneumonia), and tracheobronchial irritation of varying degrees of severity causing chronic dry or productive cough with purulent sputum [orpha.net]

• Decreased Breath Sounds

  They may have a small thoracic cage, decreased breath sounds on the affected side, and a mediastinal shift to the side of the lesion. Therefore, aplasia of the right lung can be confused with dextrocardia. [funomtheophilusmakama.blogspot.com]

• Failure to Thrive

  If communication with the gut is present, children may present with vomiting, failure to thrive due to poor oral intake, and abdominal pain. [funomtheophilusmakama.blogspot.com]

  […] to thrive-kyphoscoliosis Auriculoosteodysplasia Aplasia cutis congenita of limbs recessive Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type Waardenburg syndrome type 3 Antecubital pterygium Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome Hypomelanosis of Ito Porokeratosis [checkrare.com]

• Confusion

  Therefore, aplasia of the right lung can be confused with dextrocardia. Patients may present with lung infections, dyspnea upon exertion, and/or scoliosis. [funomtheophilusmakama.blogspot.com]

Although her HIV has been well-managed, clinical management of future exacerbations could lead to complicated and extensive infectious disease workups. [cureus.com]

Management and treatment Treatment is symptomatic. Chest physiotherapy can be proposed to improve mucociliary clearance and antibiotics are administered for treatment of pulmonary infections. [orpha.net]

A standard form was used to record patient characteristics, treatments and follow-up from medical charts. RESULTS: Seventeen patients, 53% male, aged 58 ± 18 years at diagnosis were included. Recurrent infections revealed MKS in 88% of cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The possible relationship between the two entities is discussed and the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, prognosis and treatment of TBM are reviewed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cystic or cylindrical bronchiectasis affecting particularly first- to fourth-order branches may also be present Prognosis - Tracheobronchomegaly Not supplied. Treatment - Tracheobronchomegaly Not supplied. [checkorphan.org]

Treatment and prognosis Treatment is usually conservative with physiotherapy and postural drainage. Acute exacerbations are treated with antibiotics. In rare instances, tracheal stenting has been used 4. [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis The impact of this condition on life expectancy has not been evaluated. [orpha.net]

We also hypothesize that TBM and generalized elastolysis may have etiological commonalities, suggesting a need for further study. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiologic mechanism remains unknown. Irritants like cigarette smoke and air pollution could act as irritating factors. [orpha.net]

Summary Epidemiology It is a rare underdiagnosed condition of unknown prevalence. About 300 cases have been reported to date. The condition is more frequent in men. [orpha.net]

While no epidemiologic study has been published, MKS has been found to disproportionally affect men with an 8:1 male to female ratio [4-5]. [cureus.com]

Barotrauma is speculated to be the primary pathophysiologic factor in these cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We introduce a novel classification scheme, which may sort patients into etiologically distinct groups, furthering our understanding of its pathogenesis and potentially, prevention or therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention - Tracheobronchomegaly Not supplied. Diagnosis - Tracheobronchomegaly The diagnosis is radiological. The dilatation of the trachea and the main bronchi is visible on the chest radiograph. [checkorphan.org]

Since 1981, we have specialized in treating dysfunction related to the spine and offer on and offsite spine school for prevention. [backclinicinc.com]

Control and prevention of recurrent infections will prevent progression to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Several trials have also shown benefit of continuous positive airway pressure, airway stenting, and tracheobronchoplasty [9]. [cureus.com]

There are no effective preventive measures. [funomtheophilusmakama.blogspot.com]