We have noted that headache was the most common, but not universally present, presenting symptom of TP (44% of cases). [ijciis.org]

The present case is unique as it was treated with minimally invasive endoscopic method hitting the root cause of disease. It avoided the complications of extensive craniotomy. [neurologyindia.com]

The Mount Fuji sign was present indicating tension pneumocephalus (Figure 2). [imj.ie]

We would like to report a case of spontaneous traumatic pneumoencephalocele presenting with transient recurrent hemiparesis 14 months after the initial trauma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Inguinal Hernia

  【ヘルニア】 ⇒external inguinal hernia【外鼠蹊ヘルニア】 ⇒fat hernia【脂肪ヘルニア】 ⇒femoral hernia【大腿ヘルニア】 ⇒hiatal hernia【裂孔ヘルニア】 ⇒vesical hernia【膀胱ヘルニア】 *herniated disc【椎間板ヘルニア】 *herpes simplex【単純疱疹】[L] *herpes simplex encephalitis【単純ヘルペス脳炎】[L] *herpes zoster【帯状疱疹∥帯状ヘルペス [medo.jp]

• Sneezing

  This involves maintaining a supine position initially, normobaric oxygenation, avoidance of the Valsalva manoeuvre (such as coughing or sneezing), and administration of antibiotics especially in depressed skull fractures secondary to trauma 10. [imj.ie]

  The situation can be explained with acute penetration of huge amount of air into the cranium through to frontobasal fracture and torn dura by strong Valsalva’s maneuver resulting from coughing and sneezing. [omicsonline.org]

  […] hypothesis suggests that air enters the skull cavity to compensate for a decrease in intracranial pressure due to a CSF leak, while another explanation is that air enters a defect in the skull and dura mater when sinus pressure increases, such as during a sneeze [e-acfs.org]

  The first theory is the ball-valve mechanism, which suggests that positive pressure events, such as sneezing, coughing, and Valsalva maneuvers, force air through a cranial defect, which then resists the spontaneous resolution of the air 1, 6). [thenerve.net]

  In our review we were only able to find one previous case report of a sneeze resulting in the combination of pneumocephalus and orbital emphysema, but no reported cases associated with an osteoma diagnosis as the source. [ingentaconnect.com]

• Decreased Breath Sounds

  The initial assessment was significant for a blood pressure at 104/72 mm Hg, heart rate at 124 beats per minute, decreased breath sounds in the left chest with agonal respirations, bleeding from right ear and back of head, open eyes, and non-verbal communication [westjem.com]

  Subcutaneous emphysema was palpated over the left chest, decreased breath sounds were noted and hypotension worsened, suggestive of tension pneumothorax. A left tube thoracostomy decompressed the pneumothorax and 700 ml of blood drained immediately. [ijcasereportsandimages.com]

• Agonal Respiration

  The initial assessment was significant for a blood pressure at 104/72 mm Hg, heart rate at 124 beats per minute, decreased breath sounds in the left chest with agonal respirations, bleeding from right ear and back of head, open eyes, and non-verbal communication [westjem.com]

• Bradypnea

  A month later, he complained of severe frontal headache with CSF rhinorrhea and progressively deteriorating neurologically then readmitted in neurosurgery ward and on admission his GCS dropped to 12, meningeal signs were found and he became bradypnea [asianjns.org]

  […] borreliosis【ボレリア感染症∥ボレリア症】 ⇒lyme borreliosis【ライム*ボレリア感染症∥ライム*ボレリア症】 *bovine tuberculosis【牛型結核(症)】 *bow elbow【内反肘】(cubitus varus) *bowen's disease【ボーエン病】 *brachycephaly【短頭症】 *brachygnathia【短顎(症)】 *bradycardia【徐脈】 *bradykinesia【運動緩慢】 *bradypepsia【消化緩徐】 *bradypnea [medo.jp]

• Intestinal Perforation

  perforation, subdural hematoma, or the formation of a pseudocyst around the peritoneum [ 3, 8 ]. [e-acfs.org]

  Moreover, the infection rate for those who bore intestinal perforations was not reported, making it impossible to analyse subgroup performance. [journals.plos.org]

• Abdominal Tenderness

  During the initial trauma evaluation, he was found to have slight facial deformities and abdominal tenderness. [ijciis.org]

• Agitated Delirium

  Clinical presentation of tension pneumocephalus may include headache, generalized seizures, agitation, delirium, reflex abnormalities, and otherwise altered the level of consciousness, pupillary changes, and frontal lobe syndrome. [asianjns.org]

  Clinical signs of massive intracranial air include a headache, CSF rhinorrhea, pupillary changes, agitation, delirium and altered level of consciousness, focal neurological deficit, convulsion, frontal lobe syndrome, and cardiac arrest. [2] Episodes of [njcponline.com]

  Clinical presentation of TP may include agitation, delirium, otherwise altered level of consciousness, pupillary changes, and frontal lobe syndrome. [9] At times, hemodynamic changes may be present, including episodes of bradycardia with or without hypertension [ijciis.org]

• Frontal Headache

  He had no recollection of the event and only reported a mild frontal headache. Initial physical inspection was remarkable for signs of a base of skull or mid-face fracture. There were no other signs of injury. [imj.ie]

  Clinical presentation of tension pneumocephalus may include headache, generalized seizures, agitation, delirium, reflex abnormalities, and otherwise altered the level of consciousness, pupillary changes, and frontal lobe syndrome. [asianjns.org]

• Generalized Seizure

  Clinical presentation of tension pneumocephalus may include headache, generalized seizures, agitation, delirium, reflex abnormalities, and otherwise altered the level of consciousness, pupillary changes, and frontal lobe syndrome. [asianjns.org]

  […] fibrous osteodystrophy【汎発性線維性骨異栄養症】 *general paresis【全身性不全麻痺】 *generalized convulsive seizure【全身性痙攣発作】 *generalized seizure【全身性発作】 *geographic choroidopathy【地図状脈絡膜症】 *geographic keratitis【地図状角膜炎】 *geographic stippling of nails【爪甲地図状斑点】 *geographic tongue [medo.jp]

• Excruciating Headache

  Report of Case An Indian housewife, 46 years old, was brought to in KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India, with syncope and excruciating headache. [ispub.com]

• Clostridium Perfringens

  Localized pneumocephalus caused by Clostridium perfringens meningitis. Br J Neurosurg. 1999. 13: 85-6 24. Prakash B, Pranesh MB, Parimalam N, Harish Kumar R. Hyperostosis frontalis interna mimicking Mount Fuji sign. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

The endoscopic skull base surgeon always harbored the fear of post procedural pneumocephalus, however, the use of same tool for its treatment has not been described earlier. [2] The entire surgical science revolves around the philosophy of "treatment [neurologyindia.com]

treatment parallel those for a CSF leak. [ijciis.org]

In this article, we describe a rare case of delayed tension pneumocephalus who underwent urgent surgical treatment. [asianjns.org]

Treatment options include puncture with a needle if there is an existing burr hole, or placement of a new burr hole. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

In addition, the book's treatment algorithms provide a highly practical reference to cutting edge therapies. [books.google.de]

Acute intracranial pneumocephalus: prognosis and management – a retrospective analysis of 101 cases. Neurosurg Rev. 1989;12 (Suppl 1):125–136.[ PubMed ] [westjem.com]

Injuries associated with a pneumatocele or a single intracranial air bubble have a good prognosis, as do frontobasal lesions. Injuries associated with multiple air bubbles have a bad prognosis. [link.springer.com]

Treatment and prognosis Treatment depends on the cause, and in many instances, no treatment is necessary with the gas being gradually resorbed. [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis of Severe Head and Brain Injury in Childhood.- Secondary Blood Coagulation Disturbances After Severe Brain Injury.- Clinical Double-Blind-Study on the Effects of Dexamethasone on Severe Closed Head Injuries.- The Influence of Dexamethasone [mireva.com]

Demographics, etiology, and location of TP, site of cranial fractures, occurrences of rhinorrhea, otorrhea, and meningitis, Glasgow Coma Scale, duration of hospitalization, and other parameters related to morbidity and mortality were investigated. [ingentaconnect.com]

The other main etiological factors contributing to head injuries include alcohol consumption, assault, fall from height and workplace injuries. Patients with suspected head injury are categorized using GCS. [jmscr.igmpublication.org]

Etiology mechanical trauma (common) instrumentation, e.g. neurosurgery, external ventricular drain insertion, sinus surgery, peridural anesthesia after supratentorial craniotomy, pneumocephalus may persist in a minority of patients in the 3rd postoperative [radiopaedia.org]

In cases of trauma, this usually occurs because of an open skull fracture, or more commonly, a fracture of the paranasal sinuses or mastoid air cells (as was the etiology in this case). [radiologypics.com]

Etiology Etiopathology At least two possible mechanisms for the development of PNC are described 2). One is the effect of ball valve, where the air enters from the extracranial space through CSF leakage, which allows input but not output. [operativeneurosurgery.com]

Pneumocephalus Epidemiology It is a rare but potentially serious complication of spine surgery related in most cases with inadvertent dural tear during the operation. Most collections are small, behave benign, and respond to conservative therapy. [operativeneurosurgery.com]

McGill University s Summer Program in Epidemiology and Biostatistics, I attented and completed the core 21 credits curiculum of McGill University s Diploma in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program 0.00 / / / Research Date Description C.E. [docplayer.net]

This report although deviating from the paradigm of evidence base medicine (we are dealing with a single-centre epidemiological descriptive report with no statistical analysis performed and no precise design) nevertheless provides a demonstration of the [journals.plos.org]

On CT scanning the hae- epidemiological, clinical and radiological evidence. [pubhtml5.com]

Additional pathophysiology content helps you better understand the effects of diseases and injuries on the body’s normal physiologic processes. [books.google.com]

[…] and Hydrocephalus..- Considerations About the Pathophysiology of the So-Called Cisterno-Ventricular Reflux. [mireva.com]

2017/7/1/58/201961 Traumatic pneumocephalus, or abnormal presence of air in the cranial cavity following traumatic injury, occurs frequently. [1] Its pathophysiology involves air entry into the cranial cavity following injury to the brain meninges. [2 [ijciis.org]

This manuscript also includes a description of the diagnosis and pathophysiology of pneumocephalus. This is the first published case to describe tension pneumocephalus resulting from intracranial pressure monitoring in a non trauma patient. [anncaserep.com]

The pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, and management are discussed with reference to the current literature. [intjem.springeropen.com]

OBJECT: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of the prophylactic use of ceftriaxone for the prevention of meningitis in patients with acute traumatic pneumocephalus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic for prevention of meningitis in acute traumatic pneumocephalus patients. [unboundmedicine.com]

Even in those patients with CSF rhinorrhea or intracranial hemorrhage, prophylactic ceftriaxone (2 grams daily) did not prove to be effective on prevention of meningitis. [trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com]

[…] of meningitis after traumatic pneumocephalus: a randomised controlled trial Acronym Study hypothesis Chemoprophylaxis with antibiotics is both feasible and desirable for prevention of a potentially serious disease when specific groups at risk can be [isrctn.com]