Case presentation An 18-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) with several episodes of vomiting bright red blood and abdominal pain. [criticalultrasoundjournal.springeropen.com]

The authors' recommendations are based on their extensive clinical experience and reviews of the most recent literature, and presented in a concise, accessible format. [books.google.de]

In addition to publishing papers presented at the annual meetings of the associated organizations, the journal publishes selected unsolicited manuscripts. [ingentaconnect.com]

[…] accident injury and presented as distension of abdomen and anuria 24 h after injury. [ijhas.in]

This report highlights the diagnostic challenges obstetricians and surgeons may encounter with presentations of acute abdomen in pregnancy. The patient presented with acute abdominal pain, voiding difficulty with pyrexia and features of peritonitis. [jmedtropics.org]

• Swelling

  It will also allow the injured bladder or urethra to heal and prevent swelling in the urethra from blocking urine flow. If the urethra has been cut, a urological specialist can try to put a catheter in place. [medlineplus.gov]

  Bladder rupture leads to severe pain in the hypogastrium on palpation or swelling from extravasation of blood and urine in the suprapubic area. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Per abdominal examination revealed tender lower abdominal diffuse swelling. Per vaginal examination revealed a closed external os of cervix with nonoffensive lochia rubra. Her urinary bladder was catheterized with Foley catheter. [jfmpc.com]

  Decreased urine output, absent or defective urine excretion, an excess of urine, elevated blood urea nitrogen, the presence of blood in the urine, bruising and abdominal swelling suggest a bladder injury has been missed. [urology.wustl.edu]

  Swelling of the scrotum, perineum, abdominal wall and/or thighs may occur. Investigations The decision regarding radiographic imaging is based on the clinical findings and the mechanism of injury. [patient.info]

• Severe Pain

  ¤ Case report A 25-year-old male, presented in the emergency, with a history of road traffic accident with complaints of severe pain right side chest, breathing difficulty and not able to void. [journalofmas.com]

  Bladder rupture leads to severe pain in the hypogastrium on palpation or swelling from extravasation of blood and urine in the suprapubic area. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Four days prior to her admission, she was seen in accident and emergency with abdominal pain and voiding difficulty which was treated as urinary infection and oral antibiotics commenced. [ispub.com]

  The patient continued to complain of pain despite narcotic pain medication. On repeat abdominal examination, the patient had developed rebound tenderness and guarding. [criticalultrasoundjournal.springeropen.com]

  These injuries in a child can present as abdominal pain, emesis, constipation, multiple ecchymoses, and abdominal distension. [ijhas.in]

  "Lower abdominal pain in women after binge drinking". BMJ. 335 (7627): 992–3. doi : 10.1136/bmj.39247.454005.BE. PMC 2072017. PMID 17991983. ^ a b "UOTW #1 - Ultrasound of the Week". Ultrasound of the Week. 19 May 2014. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Sign and Symptoms of Bladder Injury Pelvic fracture: Pelvic pain, pelvic instability, shock, gluteal hematoma, abdominal tenderness. [urology-textbook.com]

• Acute Abdomen

  This report highlights the diagnostic challenges obstetricians and surgeons may encounter with presentations of acute abdomen in pregnancy. The patient presented with acute abdominal pain, voiding difficulty with pyrexia and features of peritonitis. [jmedtropics.org]

  abdomen with haematuria after a spell of protracted vomiting. [casereports.bmj.com]

  Postoperative Complications M Seitz B Schlenker Ch Stief 364 1812 Chest Pains and Dyspnea 373 1813 Acute Abdomen 377 1814 Postoperative Fever 378 1815 Abdominal Wound Dehiscence 403 1816 Chylous Ascites 410 1817 Deep Venous Thrombosis 414 1818 Lymphoceles [books.google.de]

  The patient later presented with symptoms of acute abdomen due to urine peritonitis and biochemical features of kidney impairment (creatinine was 362umol/L).Urine leak into peritoneal cavity led to shrinkage of the bladder and possible disimpaction of [ispub.com]

  His abdomen was massively distended, tense and tender. A provisional diagnosis of acute abdomen due to bowel injury was kept and he was catheterised to monitor his urine output. [omicsonline.org]

• Suprapubic Pain

  The symptoms present with bladder trauma include pain (suprapubic pain/tenderness sometimes described as lower abdominal pain/tenderness) and difficult urinating. Sometimes a person is completely unable to pass urine. [healthhype.com]

  Suprapubic pain or tenderness. Most patients with bladder rupture complain of suprapubic or abdominal pain. Difficulty or inability to void. Many can still void but the ability to urinate does not exclude bladder injury or perforation. [patient.info]

  CLINICAL FEATURES relatively nonspecific• Triad of symptoms is often present (1) gross haematuria (90%), (2) suprapubic pain or tenderness, (3) difficulty or inability to void. 05-Jul-12 management of bladder injuries 27 28. [slideshare.net]

  Bladder rupture leads to severe pain in the hypogastrium on palpation or swelling from extravasation of blood and urine in the suprapubic area. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Constipation

  These injuries in a child can present as abdominal pain, emesis, constipation, multiple ecchymoses, and abdominal distension. [ijhas.in]

  Patient was not history of vomiting or constipation. Examination revealed a pulse rate of 114/ min., BP 100/60 mmHg, and temp of 101F. His abdomen was massively distended, tense and tender. [omicsonline.org]

• Severe Abdominal Pain

  Call your provider if symptoms get worse or new symptoms develop, including: Decrease in urine production Fever Blood in urine Severe abdominal pain Severe flank or back pain Shock or hemorrhage Prevent outside injury to the bladder and urethra by following [medlineplus.gov]

• Hematuria

  […] injury (including non-urinary tract structures) About 5% of renal injuries and up to 20% of renovascular injuries lack hematuria — even severe injuries such as renal artery injury or ureteropelvic disruption may present without hematuria GOALS find source [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  The patient did not give history of hematuria as she was primigravida and having lochia rubra and was not sure about the hematuria. [jfmpc.com]

  A 70 years-old man was admitted for acute peritonitis, acute urinary retention and hematuria. Laparotomy and exploration showed acute generalized peritonitis related to a centimeter hole in the bladder dome. [ajol.info]

  Microscopic hematuria has to be detected with laboratory tests but in gross hematuria the presence of blood in the urine is visible to the naked eyes. [healthhype.com]

  It is self-limiting and requires no specific therapy, except for rest until hematuria resolves. Nevertheless, it should remain a diagnosis of exclusion. Persistent hematuria or unexplained lower abdominal pain requires further investigation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Urinary Retention

  A 70 years-old man was admitted for acute peritonitis, acute urinary retention and hematuria. Laparotomy and exploration showed acute generalized peritonitis related to a centimeter hole in the bladder dome. [ajol.info]

  Retention After Hypospadias Repair F Ikoma 548 Hairs in the Urethra of a Hypospadias Patient F Ikoma 549 A Tale of Two Brothers W Månsson 550 Unfortunate Honeymoon Under the Palm Trees JA MartinezPineiro 552 Intravenous Uroperitoneogram JA MartinezPineiro [books.google.de]

  In the former group, tuberculosis is a common cause while urinary retention from impacted pelvic tumors, neurogenic damage or postoperative urinary retention may lead to the bladder rupture caused by over distension; In either case, the bladder vault [jmedtropics.org]

  retention, hematuria, electrolyte abnormalities including uremia, elevated chloride after blunt abdominal trauma in a child. [ijhas.in]

  High mechanism deceleration injury (fall, MVA) Penetrating trauma Recent abdominal/pelvic surgery Urinary retention Preexisting bladder outlet obstruction Anatomical abnormalities Inability to void or oliguria Pain in the genital area or abdomen Physical [tipsdiscover.com]

• Urinary Incontinence

  Patients may or may not have residual problems with urinary incontinence or sexual functioning. Loss of urinary continence leads to self-esteem and body image disturbances. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  COMPLICATIONS• Urinary extravasation• Sepsis & MODS• Haemorrhage• Pelvic infection• Small-capacity bladder• Urinary incontinence• Obstructive uropathy05-Jul-12 management of bladder injuries 39 40. [slideshare.net]

  (Recommendation; Evidence Strength: Grade C) Discussion PFUI is associated with high rates of urethral stricture formation and erectile dysfunction, while only small numbers of men will report urinary incontinence. 125,128 Rates of stricture after PFUI [auanet.org]

  Impotence was noted in 1/7; no urinary incontinence occurred. [east.org]

• Anuria

  The patient had presented 24 h after sustaining the injury with clinical features of anuria and peritonitis. Emergency surgery was undertaken to save the child. [ijhas.in]

  Patient with sign and symptoms of anuria, oliguria, hematuria, vague abdominal pain, ascites and impaired renal function during postpartum state or puerperium should be evaluated for urinary bladder injury. [jfmpc.com]

  […] cloudy urine), impaired wound healing (seepage of urine from repair sites, flank or abdominal mass from pockets of urine, and crepitus from urine seepage into tissues), and impaired renal function (nausea, irritability, edema, hypertension, oliguria, and anuria [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Indications for radiologic investigation within 24hrs postop included anuria, urinary leakage from wound, and frank hematuria. [east.org]

• Dysuria

  The patient needs to be monitored for complications throughout the hospital stay, such as infection (dysuria, low back pain, suprapubic pain, and foul or cloudy urine), impaired wound healing (seepage of urine from repair sites, flank or abdominal mass [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  One (1) uretheral stricture and frequency and dysuria in 1. There were 5 long-term complications out of 14 patients treated by catheter drainage only. Two related to other injuries, 3 related to bladder injury and its management. [east.org]

[…] bladder before, during, and after injection; oblique views are usually most informative; extravasation indicating urethral injury is generally readily apparent After posterior urethral injury is excluded and a catheter has been inserted, the radiographic workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

Laparoscopic suture is an advantageous treatment of isolated IPR. [archive-ouverte.unige.ch]

Treatment of Bladder Injury Conservative Treatment: Small extraperitoneal bladder injuries can be treated by inserting a transurethral catheter only. [urology-textbook.com]

Treatment is surgical repair. Extraperitoneal rupture is the most common type of bladder injury, accounting for ~85% (range 80-90%) of cases. It is usually the result of pelvic fractures or penetrating trauma. [radiopaedia.org]

Treatment of Bladder Trauma The treatment for bladder trauma largely depends on the severity of the condition, type of injury and to some extent on the cause of the trauma. [healthhype.com]

The causes, diagnosis and treatment of SBR are reviewed by the authors. [ajol.info]

[…] anterolaterally extraluminal contrast into perivesical space (simple) molar tooth sign extension of extraluminal contrast to the thigh, scrotum or perineum (complex) combined mixed features of intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal rupture Treatment and prognosis [radiopaedia.org]

PROGNOSIS Appropriate Rx Excellent outcome Bladder neck involvement Temporary incontinence05-Jul-12 management of bladder injuries 47 48. [slideshare.net]

Erectile dysfunction occurs in 20-60% of patients after traumatic urethral rupture. [ 9 ] Prognosis Traumatic bladder ruptures were once uniformly fatal. They are currently usually managed successfully. [patient.info]

Delayed bladder injury presentation is possible and high index of suspicion is needed for timely treatment and better prognosis. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest. References 1. [ijhas.in]

The etiological investigation revealed a locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. The evolution was rapidly fatal and the patient’s death occurred two months later due to metastatic disease. [ajol.info]

Etiology Bladder rupture can be categorized into five types depending on the location and extent of the rupture: Bladder contusion This is commonly seen but sometimes not classed as true rupture, since it involves an incomplete tear of the mucosa. [radiopaedia.org]

Etiology (Causes) of Bladder Injury Pelvic Fracture: Injury of the bladder due to a pelvic fracture is caused by perforation of the bladder by sharp fracture fragments. The location of the bladder injury is usually extraperitoneal. [urology-textbook.com]

Etiology and Pathophysiology Bladder contusion ( 1 )[ C ] Damage to bladder mucosa or muscularis without full thickness injury, usually presenting with gross hematuria but no extravasation on cystogram Blunt bladder trauma is associated with rapid deceleration [unboundmedicine.com]

It is defined as rupture of the urinary bladder into the peritoneal cavity or pelvic cellular tissue without a history of trauma, rupture is more often intraperitoneal as in the presented case than extraperitoneal. [1] Etiological factors that have been [jmedtropics.org]

Definition and Epidemiology of Bladder Injury Injuries of the urinary bladder are caused by blunt or penetrating trauma. A less common pattern of injury is surgery of the pelvis or transurethral operations. [urology-textbook.com]

J Urol 132:254–257 Google Scholar Demetriades D, Karais M, Toutou K et al (2002) Pelvic fractures: epidemiology and predictors of associated abdominal injuries and outcomes. [link.springer.com]

Epidemiology Incidence 1.6% of blunt abdominal trauma cases have an associated bladder injury ( 1 )[ C ]. 80% of bladder injuries are associated with pelvic fracture. 10% of pelvic fractures are associated with bladder injury. 90% of bladder injuries [unboundmedicine.com]

Classified as either intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal rupture Bladder contusion is injury to the mucosa or muscularis without full-thickness loss; without urine extravasation Often associated with ureter/urethral injury and/or other non-urological injuries Epidemiology [tipsdiscover.com]

Etiology and Pathophysiology Bladder contusion ( 1 )[ C ] Damage to bladder mucosa or muscularis without full thickness injury, usually presenting with gross hematuria but no extravasation on cystogram Blunt bladder trauma is associated with rapid deceleration [unboundmedicine.com]

Risk Factors High-energy mechanism (fall, motor vehicle accident [MVA]) Pelvic fracture Penetrating wound Prior bladder/pelvic surgery Pelvic radiotherapy General Prevention Seat belts: Voiding prior to automobile travel Pathophysiology Bladder is often [tipsdiscover.com]

This will prevent urine from building up in the bladder. It will also allow the injured bladder or urethra to heal and prevent swelling in the urethra from blocking urine flow. [medlineplus.gov]

•Intraperitoneal bladder rupture: exploration and suture closure or If a supra-pubic catheter is used, it should be tunnelled to prevent anterior wound contamination 23. [de.slideshare.net]

Sample Copy FIND ISSUES Current Issue Editorial Past issues FOR CONTRIBUTORS Authors Guidelines Italian Copyright English Copyright Advanced Search Additional Info Authors: AA.VV Year: 1989 Reference: Veterinaria n.1/1989 Related items Leishmaniasis prevention [veterinaria.scivac.org]

Antibiotics are often given to prevent infections from developing. In some cases patients may have an overactive bladder for a few months, which is a result of inflammation of the bladder lining. [livestrong.com]

[…] of Ureteral Injury Prevention The most reliable way for surgeons to avoid ureteral injury is to clearly identify the ureter throughout the region of the body that will undergo the operation. [urology.wustl.edu]