Diagnosis of syphilis is usually based on clinical presentation, dark-field microscope analysis, and serological tests. [biosb.com]

Here we present three historic T. pallidum genomes (two from T. pallidum ssp. pallidum and one from T. pallidum ssp. pertenue) that have been reconstructed from skeletons recovered from the Convent of Santa Isabel in Mexico City, operational between the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most commonly observed clinical presentation is a generalized, nonpruritic papulosquamous eruption. [e-ijd.org]

• Fever

  In this stage, the symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, tiredness, rashes without itch is found on the hands and feet which is reddish brown in color. [practo.com]

  Borrelia includes several species transmitted by lice and ticks and causing relapsing fever (B. recurrentis and others) and Lyme disease (B. burgdorferi) in humans. [britannica.com]

  Secondary Syphilis • Secondary syphilis at 2- 10 weeks after primary lesion – diffuse symptoms: – Fever – Headache – Skin pustules • Usually disappears even without 23 24. [slideshare.net]

  He experienced no fever, headache, sore throat, cough, or weight loss. The patient was not taking any medication. He informed us that he had suffered from gonorrhea and syphilis 20 years before, which had been adequately treated. [e-ijd.org]

• Inflammation

  Flagellin, a classic pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), is a potent immunogen that induces inflammation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  In the top image, T. pallidum (spirochetes) are demonstrated in a cutaneous biopsy from an HIV patient with epidermal ulcerations and dermal lymphohistiocytic inflammation. DAB chromogen with metal enhancement is utilized. [labce.com]

  T. pallidum Promoted the Adherence of THP-1 Cells to HDVSMCs by Modulating MCP-1 and ICAM-1 Expression The migration of immune cells to the site of inflammation is an early event in vascular inflammation. [frontiersin.org]

  The parasite Chlamydia trachomatis causes a variety of disorders—in women, urethritis, cervicitis, and salpingitis (inflammation of the ureter, cervix, and fallopian tubes, respectively) and, in men, nongonococcal urethritis. [britannica.com]

• Swelling

  A 50-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with swelling of the left lateral malleolus after an ankle sprain and rupture of the Achilles tendon. [nejm.org]

  […] nervous system, including: Headache Stroke Meningitis Hearing loss Visual problems, including blindness Dementia Loss of pain and temperature sensations Sexual dysfunction in men Bladder incontinence Cardiovascular problems These may include bulging and swelling [mayoclinic.org]

  As in yaws, secondary bejel may be accompanied by osteitis and periosteitis resulting in painful bony swelling. 42, 43 Figure 3. Lesions of bejel. (A) Oral lesion of primary bejel. (B) Chronic skin lesion of secondary bejel. [doi.org]

  This typically consists of proliferation of adventitial cells; perivascular cuffing with lymphocytes, monocytes and plasma cells; and swelling and proliferation of endothelial cells (Fig. 36-6). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Chills

  Occasionally, particularly in patients with secondary syphilis, a Jarisch–Herxsheimer reaction may be induced (fever, chills, and myalgias). [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

  Between 2 and 12 hours after antibiotic therapy, headache, malaise, slight fever, chills, muscle aches, and intensification of syphilitic lesions occur. These manifestations resolve in fewer than 12 hours. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Besides fever, clinical signs and symptoms may include chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, myalgias, tachycardia, hyperventilation, mild hypotension, vasodilatation with flushing, and the exacerbation and new onset of skin lesions (104). [antimicrobe.org]

• Unsafe Sexual Practices

  Misuse of alcohol or other drugs can inhibit your judgment and lead to unsafe sexual practices. [mayoclinic.org]

• Nausea

  Mild constitutional symptoms of malaise, headache, anorexia, nausea, aching pains in the bones, and fatigability are often present. Congenital syphilis is the result of passage of T. pallidum across the placenta. [biovision.com]

  • e) Headache, anorexia, malaise, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, sore throat and slight fever. • f) Temporary alopecia may occur • g) Nails become brittle and pitted Dr.T.V.Rao MD 24 25. Latent Syphilis Dr.T.V.Rao MD 25 26. [slideshare.net]

  Besides fever, clinical signs and symptoms may include chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, myalgias, tachycardia, hyperventilation, mild hypotension, vasodilatation with flushing, and the exacerbation and new onset of skin lesions (104). [antimicrobe.org]

  Typical symptoms of acute early meningitis include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and stiff neck. Cranial nerve involvement may result in visual disturbances, including blurred vision and photophobia, hearing loss, and facial weakness ( 143 ). [cmr.asm.org]

• Vomiting

  • e) Headache, anorexia, malaise, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, sore throat and slight fever. • f) Temporary alopecia may occur • g) Nails become brittle and pitted Dr.T.V.Rao MD 24 25. Latent Syphilis Dr.T.V.Rao MD 25 26. [slideshare.net]

  Involvement of spinal cord posterior columns and dorsal root ganglia causes tabes dorsalis, which presents as sensory ataxia in the lower extremities, paresthesia, and sudden-onset vomiting or abdominal pain. [cmr.asm.org]

  Besides fever, clinical signs and symptoms may include chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, myalgias, tachycardia, hyperventilation, mild hypotension, vasodilatation with flushing, and the exacerbation and new onset of skin lesions (104). [antimicrobe.org]

• Heart Disease

  Tertiary syphilis can last for years, with the final stage leading to mental illness, blindness, other neurological problems, heart disease, and death. Syphilis is most infectious during the primary and secondary stages. [labtestsonline.org]

  Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease: a reappraisal of the exposure. Circulation 112 : 19 -24. ↵ Belisle, J. T., M. E. Brandt, J. D. Radolf, and M. V. Norgard. 1994. Fatty acids of Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins. [doi.org]

• Fracture

  In contrast, antibodies generated against isolated T. pallidum outer membranes labelled intact organisms and the pattern of fluorescence was consistent with the distribution of rare outer membrane proteins visualized by freeze-fracture electron microscopy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  While shedding OMs blebs by T. pallidum has not received extensive attention in the past, we have demonstrated by freeze-fracture EM unequivocal OM blebs on syphilis spirochetes ( 9 ). [doi.org]

  Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi membrane architecture by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. J. Bacteriol. 176, 21–31 (1994). 156. Luthra, A. et al. [dx.doi.org]

• Suggestibility

  Together with the evidence that TP0126 is fully conserved among T. pallidum subspecies and strains, these data suggest an important role for TP0126 in T. pallidum biology and syphilis pathogenesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Syphilitic Chancre

  "Vorläufiger Bericht über das Vorkommen von Spirochaeten in syphilitischen Krankheitsprodukten und bei Papillomen" [Preliminary report on the occurrence of Spirochaetes in syphilitic chancres and papillomas]. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Sexual exposure to a person who has an active syphilitic chancre carries a high probability of acquiring syphilis. [microbenotes.com]

  Ong JJ Towns JM Chen MY Fairley CK Occult syphilitic chancres in the rectum and oropharynx. Aust Fam Physician. 2017; 46: 673-675 11. Cornelisse VJ Chow EPF Latimer RL et al. [thelancet.com]

  The variability of syphilitic chancres. Sex. Transm. Dis. 5 : 68 -70. ↵ Chawla, V., K. Gupta, and M. B. Raghu. 1985. Congenital syphilis: a clinical profile. J. Trop. Pediatr. 31 : 204 -208. ↵ Chen, S. Y., S. Gibson, M. H. Katz, J. D. Klausner, J. [cmr.asm.org]

• Seizure

  General paresis causes paralysis, tremors, seizures, and general mental decline from damage to brain cells. Gummas form anywhere on the brain or spinal cord therefore causing a variety of neurological defects. [plaza.ufl.edu]

  Other presenting problems include aphasia and seizures. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

May aid in the workup of neurosyphilis. Mnemonic Unique test identifier. FTA CSF G Methodology Process(es) used to perform the test. Semi-Quantitative Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Performed Days of the week the test is performed. [ltd.aruplab.com]

Syphilis Workup. In: Bronze MS, ed. Medscape. Updated July 11, 2017. Accessed September 13, 2022. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/229461-workup Fine SM. Treponematosis (Endemic Syphilis, Yaws, and Pinta) Workup. In: Brusch JL, ed. Medscape. [testing.com]

• Treponema Pallidum

  Treponema pallidum Antibody (TrP33) Summary Immunogen Formalin inactivated Treponema pallidum, strain N8, cultivated in vitro. [novusbio.com]

  Treponema pallidum antibody also cross-reacts with burgdorferi (Lyme disease). [biocare.net]

  Abstract The noncultivable spirochete Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) is the etiological agent of venereal syphilis. [link.springer.com]

  pallidum nowiki Treponema pallidum plwiki Krętek blady ptwiki Treponema pallidum rowiki Treponema pallidum ruwiki Бледная трепонема simplewiki Treponema pallidum svwiki Treponema pallidum trwiki Treponema pallidum ukwiki Treponema pallidum viwiki Treponema [wikidata.org]

• Candida

  […] verification BIOCHIP, HHV-6, Rubella virus*, Measles virus, Mumps virus field B: VZV, EBV-CA, EBV-EA, Treponema pallidum field C: HSV-1 and -2, Coxsackie virus type B1 and A9 field D: Echo virus type 7, Borrelia afzelii, burgdorferi (CH), garinii field E: CMV, Candida [euroimmun.com]

Antibodies to syphilis can remain elevated despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment and a reactive result does not distinguish between recent or past infection. [neurology.testcatalog.org]

Abstract Currently, the efficacy of syphilis treatment is measured with anti-lipid antibody tests. These can take months to indicate cure and, as a result, syphilis treatment trials require long periods of follow-up. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] favorable prognosis for patients diagnosed with either primary or secondary syphilis 20% of untreated patients with tertiary syphilis die of the disease prognosis for tertiary syphilis depends on extent of scarring and tissue damage with adequate treatment [step1.medbullets.com]

Its prognosis is poor and optimal therapy has not been determined. Tuberculous meningitis has a high mortality in those also infected with HIV, especially in the developing world, and better therapies are urgently needed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiological agent of yaws, Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue (T. pertenue), was discovered by Aldo Castellani in 1905 shortly after Schaudinn and Hoffmann discovered the etiological agent of syphilis, T. pallidum subspecies pallidum. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

They were the first investigators to find the etiological agent of syphilis, described under the name of Spirochaeta pallida. [scielo.br]

The spirochete Treponema pallidum (Tp), the etiologic agent of syphilis, causes a multistage sexually transmitted infection (STI). [certest.es]

Author information 1 Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Germany; Primatology Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2 Epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful Identification of Treponema pallidum in tissues Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test [mayocliniclabs.com]

Syphilis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Manifestations in Patients Without HIV. In: Marrazzo J, ed. UpToDate. Updated July 15, 2022. [testing.com]

Vascular inflammation is a complex and multifactorial pathophysiological process that plays a crucial role in the development and progression of disease (Clarke et al., 2010; Iwata et al., 2010; Yang et al., 2018; Zeng et al., 2018). [frontiersin.org]

Author information 1 Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Japan; Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Japan. 2 Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Aichi Medical University [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]