Web report Last updated: 26 Apr 2018 Author: Indigenous eye health measures 2017 is an online presentation of the latest Indigenous eye health data. [aihw.gov.au]

Chapter 12 Trichiasis First published: 20 May 2015 Summary This chapter presents the diagnosis and treatment for trichiasis that is commonly found in Cocker Spaniel, Shih Tzu, Pug, and Miniature Poodle. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

SIGNS • Misdirected eyelash(s) • Conjuctival congestion • Lacrimation • Reflex blephrospasm • Signs of causative disease viz:trachoma,blephritis may be present 5 6. [de.slideshare.net]

In trichiasis, none of the above conditions are present, and 1 or more eyelashes are misdirected toward the eye. If trichiasis exists, a child’s eye can be irritated. This can cause tearing, avoidance of light, pain and discharge. [texaschildrens.org]

Epilation Rajak 2011a presents a complete data set with high rates of follow‐up. Lid taping Graz 1999 presents a complete data set with high rates of follow‐up. Antibiotic treatment Burton 2005a presents a complete data set with high follow‐up. [cochranelibrary.com]

• Weakness

  (GRADE*: Level of evidence=low, Strength of recommendation=strong) Consider therapeutic contact lens (silicone hydrogel soft, rigid limbal or rigid scleral) for temporary relief of symptoms (GRADE*: Level of evidence=low, Strength of recommendation=weak [college-optometrists.org]

  Implications for practice The evidence summarised in this review provides some indication of the basis for practice but one must remember that there are weaknesses in some of the data that may make the results unreliable. [cochranelibrary.com]

• Osteoporosis

  Liver failure, testicular atrophy, pulmonary fibrosis, aplastic anemia, and osteoporosis along with features of aging such as premature grey hair and loss are typical. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

• Foreign Body Sensation

  SYMPTOMS •Foreign body sensation •Photophobia •Irritation •Pain •Lacrimation 4 5. SIGNS • Misdirected eyelash(s) • Conjuctival congestion • Lacrimation • Reflex blephrospasm • Signs of causative disease viz:trachoma,blephritis may be present 5 6. [de.slideshare.net]

  It can be asymptomatic or cause pain, foreign body sensation, red eye, tearing, and corneal scratches leading to infection and scarring. What are the causes? In children is it often due to the lashes changing with age, and it often is temporary. [aapos.org]

  The misdirected eyelashes from chronic trichiasis can produce symptoms like redness, irritation, foreign body sensation, and tearing. [edow.com]

• Visual Impairment

  The association of multiple visual impairments with self-reported visual disability: SEE Project. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;4264- 72 Google Scholar [jamanetwork.com]

  RESULTS: Among men, trichiasis was associated with excess functional limitation only for those with visual acuity loss (adjusted difference in proportion of tasks [AD] compared with men with neither trichiasis nor visual impairment, 0.35; 95% confidence [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Global Data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organization 2004;82(11):844-51. 3. Ophthalmology AAO Basic and Clinical Science Course: Orbit, Eyelids, and Lacrimal System. [reviewofophthalmology.com]

  Some of the visual impairment prior to surgery may be due to photophobia, lacrimation or irritation, or combinations of these three factors, caused by trichiatic lashes. Correction of the trichiasis should relieve these symptoms. [cochranelibrary.com]

• Visual Impairment

  The association of multiple visual impairments with self-reported visual disability: SEE Project. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;4264- 72 Google Scholar [jamanetwork.com]

  RESULTS: Among men, trichiasis was associated with excess functional limitation only for those with visual acuity loss (adjusted difference in proportion of tasks [AD] compared with men with neither trichiasis nor visual impairment, 0.35; 95% confidence [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Global Data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organization 2004;82(11):844-51. 3. Ophthalmology AAO Basic and Clinical Science Course: Orbit, Eyelids, and Lacrimal System. [reviewofophthalmology.com]

  Some of the visual impairment prior to surgery may be due to photophobia, lacrimation or irritation, or combinations of these three factors, caused by trichiatic lashes. Correction of the trichiasis should relieve these symptoms. [cochranelibrary.com]

• Chlamydia

  […] growth of lashes is usually secondary to severe chemical burn, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, or chronic blepharoconjunctivitis Predisposing factors Staphylococcal blepharitis Trachoma (a form of chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia [college-optometrists.org]

  In endemic regions of the world, trachoma—a chronic, infectious keratoconjunctivitis associated with the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis —is a major cause of trichiasis development. 1 Other potential contributory conditions include [reviewofoptometry.com]

  It is caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis. This infection causes inflammation and scarring of the surface of the eye, which results in the eyelid turning in (entropion) so that the eyelashes touch the eyeball. [cochranelibrary.com]

• Chlamydia Trachomatis

  trachomatis, which leads to tarsal conjunctival scarring, entropion and trichiasis) Cicatricial conditions (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, chemical or mechanical trauma) Herpes zoster ophthalmicus Symptoms Ocular discomfort, [college-optometrists.org]

  In endemic regions of the world, trachoma—a chronic, infectious keratoconjunctivitis associated with the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis —is a major cause of trichiasis development. 1 Other potential contributory conditions include [reviewofoptometry.com]

The treatment of entropion is not addressed in this article. Rather, we will discuss the treatment of trichiasis in well-positioned eyelid margins, or in lids after entropion correction. [reviewofophthalmology.com]

Treatment of trichiasis using an 810-nm diode laser: an efficacy study. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Nov-Dec;22(6):445-7. 8. Moore J, De Silva SR, O'Hare K, Humphry RC. Ruby laser for the treatment of trichiasis. [reviewofoptometry.com]

We audited for effective treatment (relief of symptoms which allowed patient discharge), appropriate treatment (≤ 3 epilations before treatment review, 1–5 aberrant lashes electrolysed, >5 aberrant lashes treated by cryotherapy, all patients with lid [dovepress.com]

None of these treatments are 100% effective. In some cases, the treatment will need to be repeated. [texaschildrens.org]

What is involved in trichiasis treatment? Trichiasis treatment seeks to remove the hair follicles of the abnormal eyelashes. Although trichiasis treatment appears simple, no technique is completely effective. [barraquer.com]

The primary etiology of trichiasis involves aging changes to the lids and lid margins, but scarring of the lid (from trauma, infection or inflammation) can also induce this condition. [reviewofoptometry.com]

[…] trichiasis and anecdotal reports of functional limitations, trichiasis may lead to measurable limitations prior to visual acuity loss and, in combination with visual acuity loss, be associated with greater limitations than low vision associated with other etiologies [jamanetwork.com]

West SKMunoz BTurner VMMmbaga BBTaylor HR The epidemiology of trachoma in central Tanzania. Int J Epidemiol. 1991;201088- 1092 Google Scholar Crossref 10. [jamanetwork.com]

Epidemiology The most recent World Health Organization (WHO) estimates suggest that about 40 million people have active trachoma and about 8.2 million have trichiasis ( Mariotti 2009 ). [cochranelibrary.com]

If this does not alleviate the discomfort, however, a minor surgery can be performed to correct entropion, preventing the eyelid from folding under. [edow.com]

Doxycycline prevents matrix remodeling and contraction by trichiasis-derived conjunctival fibroblasts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jul 12. 54(7):4675-82. [Medline]. [Full Text]. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epilation was less effective at preventing eyelashes from touching the globe than surgery for mild trichiasis, but had comparable results for vision and corneal change. [cochrane.org]