Any condition that leads to torticollis in early life may result in similar facial asymmetry. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Residual torticollis in patients after strabismus surgery for congenital superior oblique palsy. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93(12):1616-1619. PMID: 19586931 Bale JF, Scott WE, Yuh W, Sato Y, Menezes A. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

For example, torticollis can produce a similar appearance. Causes [ edit ] The clinical syndromes can originate from both peripheral and central lesions. [en.wikipedia.org]

ICD-10-CM Codes › H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa › H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction › H49- Paralytic strabismus › Fourth [trochlear] nerve palsy, left eye 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific [icd10data.com]

Errors in the three-step test in the diagnosis of vertical strabismus. Ophthalmology. 1989 Jan. 96 (1):127-32. [Medline]. Kono R, Okanobu H, Ohtsuki H, Demer JL. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Practically speaking, the specific muscle(s) involved and the etiology of a vertical strabismus not due to a fourth nerve palsy is often not resolved by the 3-step plus fourth step test, because acquired vertical strabismus is often the result of the [aao.org]

Strabismus Consultation: The patient was tested with two Maddox rods and found to have an 8 diopter right hyper with the right eye extorted approximately 5 diopters in primary position. [collections.lib.utah.edu]

Loss of the tertiary abducting action causes a V-pattern esotropia (esotropia greater in downgaze) in half of patients (2). ( Video, “congenital IV palsy” ) Bilateral IV nerve palsies show a small hypertropia in primary position, which increases with [neuroophthalmology.ca]

Etiology Clinical features Extorsion of the eye : inability to depress and adduct the eyeball simultaneously (the pupil shoots upward during attempted adduction of the eyeball) Diplopia ( double vision ) Mild esotropia Trigeminal nerve lesion (V) Etiology [amboss.com]

Additionally, a small esotropia may be found on down gaze as the superior oblique is also a weak abductor. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

Superior oblique palsy and superior oblique myokymia. In: Clinical Strabismus Management: Principles and Surgical Techniques. 1999:219-229. Wang Q, Flanders M. Surgical Management of Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy: Thirty Years of Experience. [emedicine.medscape.com]