Case presentation A 45-year-old man presented to our hospital in Belarus with the following history. He had been born in Belarus after an uncomplicated pregnancy. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

Other anomalies (eg, right aortic arch, interrupted aortic arch, coronary artery anomalies) may be present and may contribute to the high surgical mortality rate. [msdmanuals.com]

A heart murmur is most often present. If congestive heart failure is present, the heart rate and breathing rate will be increased, and the liver may be enlarged. Medical tests: The suspected diagnosis is confirmed by an echocardiogram. [mottchildren.org]

This congenital heart defect (present at birth) is known as truncus arteriosus (TA). If not treated immediately, life-threatening consequences can occur. [rwjbh.org]

Abstract A child with truncus arteriosus communis, characterized by the posterior origin of an individualized pulmonary trunk is presented. [ahajournals.org]

• Fatigue

  The most common symptoms of truncus arteriosus include: fatigue sweating pale or cool skin rapid or heavy breathing rapid heart rate congested breathing disinterest in feeding, or tiring while feeding poor weight gain cyanosis (blue color of the skin, [childrenshospital.org]

  Symptoms include: Bluish skin (cyanosis) Delayed growth or growth failure Fatigue Lethargy Poor feeding Rapid breathing (tachypnea) Shortness of breath (dyspnea) Widening of the finger tips (clubbing) Surgery is needed to treat this condition. [medlineplus.gov]

  Symptoms Symptoms include: Bluish skin (cyanosis) Delayed growth or growth failure Fatigue Lethargy Poor feeding Rapid breathing (tachypnea) Shortness of breath (dyspnea) Widening of the finger tips (clubbing) Exams and Tests A murmur is most often heard [ufhealth.org]

  Truncus Arteriosus Symptoms Truncus Arteriosus symptoms in infants may include: Breathing problems Cyanosis (bluish skin, lips and nails from not getting enough oxygen-rich blood) Difficulty feeding Fatigue or extreme sleepiness Heart murmur (abnormal [hopkinsmedicine.org]

• Surgical Procedure

  Some of treatment options include: Medical and surgical procedures Ventricular septal defect surgery (includes transcatheter options) Truncus arteriosus repair [rwjbh.org]

  It can not only determine the classification of the disease but also determine the scope of the surgical procedure. Outcome: Type IV PTA with persistent left superior vena cava. [eurorad.org]

  Your child will need to take antibiotics before dental procedures and other surgical procedures to prevent infections. [scts.org]

  It is common for adults to need an additional catheter based on surgical procedures. The artificial valve between the heart and the lungs may leak or develop a blockage, so it may need to be replaced. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

  Your child may need to take antibiotics before seeing the dentist or getting surgical procedures. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

• Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease

  Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. [lecturio.com]

  Initially, she reported a history of cyanosis with crying as a toddler, with subsequent diagnosis of underlying complex cyanotic congenital heart disease at age three years. [jcmr-online.biomedcentral.com]

  […] cardiology clinic for surgical operation and his history revealed that he had been diagnosed with a complex cyanotic congenital heart disease at the age of 4 years, when he had cyanosis while crying. [clinicalimagingscience.org]

• Tachypnea

  Tachypnea, tachycardia, excessive sweating, poor feeding may be the first signs to appear. Etiology The etiology of TA remains unknown. [orpha.net]

  Symptoms include cyanosis and heart failure, with poor feeding, diaphoresis, and tachypnea. A normal 1st heart sound (S1) and a loud, single 2nd heart sound (S2) are common; murmurs may vary. [msdmanuals.com]

  Symptoms include: Bluish skin (cyanosis) Delayed growth or growth failure Fatigue Lethargy Poor feeding Rapid breathing (tachypnea) Shortness of breath (dyspnea) Widening of the finger tips (clubbing) Surgery is needed to treat this condition. [medlineplus.gov]

  Symptoms Symptoms include: Bluish skin (cyanosis) Delayed growth or growth failure Fatigue Lethargy Poor feeding Rapid breathing (tachypnea) Shortness of breath (dyspnea) Widening of the finger tips (clubbing) Exams and Tests A murmur is most often heard [ufhealth.org]

  Edema Respiratory distress: Tachypnea Tachypnea Increased respiratory rate. Pulmonary Examination Dyspnea Dyspnea Dyspnea is the subjective sensation of breathing discomfort. [lecturio.com]

• Clubbed Finger

  He had no clubbed fingers, history of injury, previous surgery or any relevant family history. [eurorad.org]

• Hypertension

  • A congenital heart lesion that increases pulmonary arterial blood flow • Results in left-to-right shunt, results in lung infection, pulmonary vascular congestion, pulmonary artery (PA) hypertension, right heart failure, pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary [accesssurgery.mhmedical.com]

  However, these patients have a high risk for pulmonary hypertension and the Eisenmenger syndrome. [siemens-healthineers.com]

  If you have pulmonary hypertension, medications are also available to treat this. Can I have a baby? Pregnancy is possible in some patients with repaired truncus arteriosus. [achaheart.org]

  If it's not repaired, severe pulmonary hypertension occurs. [heart.org]

  High blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary hypertension). [scts.org]

• Sweating

  […] symptoms of truncus arteriosus usually appear within the first days of life and may include: A bluish discoloration of the lips and skin caused by low oxygen (cyanosis) Poor eating and poor weight gain Rapid breathing or shortness of breath Profuse sweating [rwjbh.org]

  Tachypnea, tachycardia, excessive sweating, poor feeding may be the first signs to appear. Etiology The etiology of TA remains unknown. [orpha.net]

  Symptoms of congestive heart failure in infants include rapid breathing, clammy sweating, poor feeding, and poor growth. [mottchildren.org]

  Symptoms of congestive heart failure include breathlessness, rapid breathing, excessive sweating, and restlessness. [ucsfbenioffchildrens.org]

  Symptoms of truncus arteriosus may include a blue or purple tint to the skin, rapid or labored breathing, problems with feeding, poor weight gain, sleepiness and increased sweating, especially while eating. [nortonchildrens.com]

• Increased Sweating

  Symptoms of truncus arteriosus may include a blue or purple tint to the skin, rapid or labored breathing, problems with feeding, poor weight gain, sleepiness and increased sweating, especially while eating. [nortonchildrens.com]

  A baby with truncus arteriosus may: have a blue or purple tint to the skin have fast or labored breathing have problems with feeding not gain weight as expected be very sleepy have increased sweating, especially while feeding Doctors and nurses listening [childrensmn.org]

• Irritability

  Viral infection such as rubella Poorly controlled diabetes Alcohol consumption Smoking Taking certain medications such as thalidomide Symptoms Low oxygen levels in the body may cause symptoms such as: Blue or pale grayish skin color Fast breathing Irritability [cancercarewny.com]

  Babies may also have irritability, excessive sleep, weak pulse, rapid breathing and poor ability to feed. Patients with truncus arteriosus sometimes have additional health problems not directly related to the heart. [rileychildrens.org]

The first diagnosis of truncus arteriosus in the life of this patient, promoted by our hospital, prompted the hospital's medical staff to deepen invasive workups, even with a history of two previous cardiac catheterizations with a diagnosis of pulmonary [scielo.br]

Management and treatment In the last 10 to 15 years there have been clinically significant improvements in treatment with early repair. [orpha.net]

Treatment & Recovery Truncus arteriosus treatment often involves medication, nutrition, and surgery. Ongoing checkups with a physician after treatment can help prevent further health complications as the baby develops. [baptisthealth.com]

This can be done with: Electrocardiogram Cardiac catheterization Treatment Early treatment is important to help prevent complications such as heart failure. Treatment options may include: Surgery Surgery is usually done right away, during infancy. [cancercarewny.com]

The Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center Our pediatric heart specialists provide the most advanced diagnosis and treatment for your child through adulthood in one place. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

We will discuss your child’s condition and treatment options in ways you understand and involve you in every decision. [seattlechildrens.org]

Surgical repair: Closure of VSD, separation pulmonary arteries from truncal root, placing pulmonary allograft valve from RV, correct truncal insufficiency Indications • Warranted once diagnosis made Contraindications • Eisenmenger physiology (irreversible) Prognosis [accesssurgery.mhmedical.com]

Prognosis: Poor in most cases but better in cases of appropriate surgical correction. Repair of truncus arteriosus in the neonatal period can be performed routinely with excellent survival, even in patients with major associated abnormalities. [w1.med.cmu.ac.th]

Outlook / Prognosis What is the prognosis (outlook) for children who have truncus arteriosus? After surgery, most children enjoy full, active lives. Your child may be able to play certain sports but should probably avoid high-impact activities. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Treatment and prognosis Due to parallel fetal circulation, truncus arteriosus does not cause any hemodynamic problem in utero. [radiopaedia.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) Complete repair most often provides good results. Another procedure may be needed as the child grows, because the rebuilt pulmonary artery that uses tissue from another source will not grow with the child. [ufhealth.org]

Etiology The etiology of TA remains unknown. [orpha.net]

Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease. J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 24;11(9) [PMC free article: PMC9104584] [PubMed: 35566507] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The majority of cases are due to inadequate caloric intake; however, genetic, infectious, and oncological etiologies are also common. [lecturio.com]

Summary Epidemiology Prevalence ranges from 0.03 to 0.056 per 1,000 live births. In Europe, the average recorded prevalence is 1/10,000 births (including livebirths, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis). [orpha.net]

Epidemiology TA is responsible for 0.21%-0.34 % of congenital heart defects Incidence has been found to be 0.03-0.05/1,000 live births. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

A number of these cases have survived well into adulthood.[14] Epidemiology[edit] Persistent truncus arteriosus is a rare cardiac abnormality that has a prevalence of less than 1%.[3][15] Additional images[edit] See also[edit] Truncus arteriosus (embryology [en.wikipedia.org]

Keith JD: Prevalence, incidence, and epidemiology. Heart Disease in Infancy and Children. 1978, New York: Macmillan, 3 2. [jcmr-online.biomedcentral.com]

This also inhibits the proper creation of separate aortic and pulmonary valves resulting in a single truncal valve.[3] While no direct cause is known, TA is frequently associated with 22q11 genetic mutations.[4] Epidemiology TA is seen with an annual [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

(Click picture to show/hide bloodflows) Pathophysiology The result of intracardiac mixing of the systemic and pulmonary venous return is systemic desaturation. [vhlab.umn.edu]

To understand the pathophysiology of TA, it is first important to understand the path of blood flow and anatomy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[citation needed] Pathophysiology[edit] Anatomical changes associated with this disorder includes:[citation needed] single artery arising from the two ventricles which gives rise to both the aortic and pulmonary vessels abnormal truncal valve right sided [en.wikipedia.org]

DiGeorge Syndrome Related videos Pathophysiology and Clinical Presentation Pathophysiology Single arterial trunk results in: Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood Blood pumped to both systemic and pulmonary circulation Pulmonary circulation The [lecturio.com]

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Fulton DR, Freed MD: The pathology, pathophysiology, recognition, and treatment of congenital heart disease. Hurst's The Heart. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

This is to prevent an infection in the heart. Lifelong monitoring Your child will have regular exams from a heart specialist. Prevention It is not always possible to prevent heart defects since the cause is not clear. [cancercarewny.com]

How do I prevent endocarditis? Endocarditis is a bacterial infection that can negatively affect the heart. Your doctor can prescribe medications to help prevent endocarditis. [baptisthealth.com]

Prevention There is no known prevention. Early treatment can often prevent serious complications. Images References Fraser CD, Kane LC. Congenital heart disease. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. [ufhealth.org]

What about preventing endocarditis? For patients with uncorrected or partially corrected truncus arteriosus, antibiotics are recommended before certain dental procedures to prevent endocarditis. See the section on Endocarditis for more information. [heart.org]

Prevention In most cases, congenital heart defects such as truncus arteriosus can't be prevented. [scts.org]