The SROC curve presented an area with a tendency towards 1 (value of 0.9539) and corroborates the diagnostic value of ADA activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  The persistent fever and anemia were controlled after pericardiostomy. This is the report of a unique manifestation of Tb pericarditis as free floating masses in the effusion with impending tamponade. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The fevers resolved within the first week of treatment. Daniel Faria, M.D. Antonio Freitas, M.D. Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, EPE, Amadora, Portugal [email protected] Citing Article (1) [nejm.org]

  The Tygerberg scoring system helps the clinician to decide whether pericarditis is due to tuberculosis or whether it is due to another cause: night sweats (1 point), weight loss (1 point), fever (2 point), serum globulin > 40g/l (3 points), blood total [en.wikipedia.org]

• Fatigue

  Images in Clinical Medicine Daniel Faria, M.D., and Antonio Freitas, M.D. 1 Citing Article A 29-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 1-month history of worsening fatigue and weakness and a 2-week history of fever and dyspnea. [nejm.org]

  The signs and symptoms of chronic tuberculous pericarditis may include: A sharp chest pain A stabbing pain in the left side of the chest A persistent cough Fever Night sweats Fatigue and feelings of weakness Unexplained weight loss Breathing difficulty [home-remedies-for-you.com]

  […] variable clinical presentation and should be considered in the evaluation of all cases of pericarditis without a rapidly self-limiting course. [6] Tuberculous pericardial effusion develops insidiously, presenting with symptoms such as fever, night sweats, fatigue [ijmm.org]

  […] immmuno suppression therapy. 3 It remains a serious condition as there is a high incidence of progression to constrictive pericarditis with a high mortality rate. 5 TB pericarditis has varying clinical presentations; usually with fever, night sweats, fatigue [jpma.org.pk]

  In addition he had fatigue, palpitations and exertional dyspnoea but denied orthopnoea. He had no past history of medical or surgical conditions, no known tuberculosis contacts and had never been tested for HIV. [southsudanmedicaljournal.com]

• Painful Cough

  cough, breathlessness, although severe pericardial pain of acute onset of idiopathic pericarditis is unusual. [ijmm.org]

  cough, and breathlessness are common, 22–24 although severe pericardial pain of acute onset characteristic of idiopathic pericarditis is unusual. 21,22,25 Right upper abdominal aching owing to liver congestion has also been described. 22,23,26 In African [circ.ahajournals.org]

• Tachycardia

  Wide QRS tachycardias, catheter ablation and cardiac resynchronization therapy are also prominently detailed. The use of intracardiac echocardiography in various interventions. [books.google.com]

  An electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia and low-voltage complexes in the limb and precordial leads. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial effusion with evidence of tamponade (Panel A [arrow] and Video 1 ). [nejm.org]

  The most frequent signs are cardiomegaly, pericardial friction and tachycardia. Paradoxical pulse, hepatomegaly, jugular stasis and pleural effusion may still be included [ 3 ]. [omicsonline.org]

  Abnormal findings on ECG include tachycardia, electrical alternans ( Figure 9 ), low voltage, and may include changes associated with acute pericarditis ( Figure 6 ). [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

  Weight loss 64% 94% 79% 44% Cough 87% 93% 0.32 90% 69% 0.0002 Dyspnoea 80% 93% 0.25 86% 73% 0.03 Orthopnoea 44% 32% 0.08 38% 41% 0.71 Chest pain 30% 23% 0.22 27% 51% 0.001 Lymphadenopathy 22% 51% 36% 20% 0.009 Pleural effusion 42% 34% 0.25 38% 41% 0.71 Tachycardia [doi.org]

• Heart Disease

  Treatment of AIDS-associated heart disease. Angiology 40 (1989) 970–976. Google Scholar 8. Anderson, D. W., Virmani, R. Emerging patterns of heart disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hum. Pathol. 21 (1990) 253–259. Google Scholar 9. [link.springer.com]

  disease as well as echo evaluation of tricuspid and pulmonary valves. [books.google.com]

  In: Heart disease. 4 th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders WB; 1992. p. 1456-507. 5. Agrawal S, Radhakrishnan S, Sinha N. Echocardiographic demonstration of resolving intrapericardial mass in tuberculous pericardial disease. [ijmm.org]

  disease 鼻腔持続的陽圧呼吸 nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 非駆出性クリック nonejection click ピクセル pixel 非経口の【形】 parenteral 非経口薬剤 parenteral agent 非外科的【形】 nonsurgical 非結核性化膿性心膜炎 nontuberculous suppurative pericarditis 非結核性細菌性心膜炎 nontuberculous bacterial [j-circ.or.jp]

  Heart 2000; 84: 183-4. 9.Fanning A. Tuberculosis:Exra pulmonary disease. CMAJ 1999; 160: 1597-603. 10.American Thoracic Society: CDC; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Treatment of Tuberculosis.MMwr Recomm Rep 2003; 52 (RR-11): 1-77. [jpma.org.pk]

• Pericardial Friction Rub

  It is called a pericardial friction rub. It sounds like a grating noise. This does not occur in all cases. Other conditions can cause similar symptoms to pericarditis. [patient.info]

  friction rub; a pericardial effusion alone is nonspecific. [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

  A pericardial friction rub may be heard at the left sternal border but this disappears when fluid accumulates. [southsudanmedicaljournal.com]

  (94) 17 (25) Heart sounds soft 69 (78) 51 (76) Third heart sound … 30 (45) Sudden inspiratory splitting of the second heart sound … 24 (36) Pericardial friction rub 16 (18) … Hepatomegaly 84 (95) 67 (100) Ascites 64 (73) 60 (89) Edema 22 (25) 63 (94) [circ.ahajournals.org]

• Vascular Disease

  American Thoracic Society, Centres for Disease Control, and Infectious Disease Society of America. Treatment of Tuberculosis. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Resp 2003; 52 :1 Hakim JG, Ternouth I, Mushangi E, Siziya S, Robertson V, Malin A. [southsudanmedicaljournal.com]

  A low pericardial fluid glucose level ( 3 Table 4: Pericardial Effusion: Exudate Versus Transudate Parameter Exudate Transudate Cause Malignancy Radiation Infectious, parainfectious Uremia Postpericardiotomy syndrome Hypothyroidism Collagen vascular disease [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

• Retrosternal Chest Pain

  chest pain, often radiating to the neck, shoulders, or back. [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

The appropriate diagnostic workup and optimal therapeutic management are not well defined. We present 10 new cases of tuberculous pericarditis and review the relevant literature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Close follow-up should be assured so that, if there is an inadequate response to therapy, alternative diagnoses can be considered and a more exhaustive diagnostic workup can be undertaken. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

In an attempt to improve the yield and shorten the time of the diagnostic workup, recent studies have utilized molecular biology techniques. [academic.oup.com]

Multimodality cardiovascular imaging and diagnostic work-up 4.1 Multimodality imaging 4.1.1 Chest X-ray 4.1.2 Echocardiography 4.1.6 Cardiac catheterization 4.1.7 Multimodality imaging 4.2 Proposal for a general diagnostic workup 5. [escardio.org]

[…] is made when there is proof of TB elsewhere in a patient with unexplained pericarditis, a lymphocytic pericardial exudate with elevated ADA levels, and/or a good response to antituberculosis chemotherapy. 3,57 An integrated approach to the diagnostic workup [circ.ahajournals.org]

• Pericardial Effusion

  Tuberculous pericardial effusions were diagnosed according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: The diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis was made in 53% (n = 90) of patients with pericardial effusions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  In our study, ADA activity was significantly elevated in tuberculous pericardial effusions compared to non-tuberculous pericardial effusions. [doi.org]

Prompt and effective treatment is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Debates Length of treatment: various specialists recommend different treatment regimens of different lengths, from 6 months ( Strang 1987 ; Strang 1988 ) to 9 months ( Sagrista 1988 ; Fowler 1991 ), and 12 months ( Koh 1994 ). [doi.org]

Diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis (TP) is often difficult with standard methods, while prompt recognition of this disease may affect its prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The prognosis depends on the complications of pericarditis, the underlying etiology, and the associated co-morbidities. Pericarditis secondary to malignancy, MI, autoimmune disease and renal failure carries a poor prognosis. [wikidoc.org]

Pericardial syndromes 3.1 Acute pericarditis 3.1.1 Clinical management and therapy 3.1.2 Prognosis 3.2 Incessant and chronic pericarditis 3.3 Recurrent pericarditis 3.3.1 Therapy 3.3.2 Prognosis 3.4 Pericarditis associated with myocardial involvement [escardio.org]

pericardium; tuberculous (manifestation), tuberculosis; pericardium (etiology), tuberculosis; pericardium (manifestation) Swedish Hjärtsäcksinflammation, tuberkulös Japanese ｹｯｶｸｾｲｼﾝﾏｸｴﾝ, 結核性心膜炎, 心膜炎-結核性 Finnish Tuberkuloottinen sydänpussitulehdus [fpnotebook.com]

Opportunistic infections and neoplastic processes represent the most common etiology of pericardial disease. Pericardial tuberculosis is an uncommon condition, especially in developed countries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cardiac Clinic, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, E-17 New Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa. [email protected] Abstract The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has altered the epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology, aetiology and classification of pericardial diseases 2.1 Epidemiology 2.2 Aetiology 3. [escardio.org]

[…] incidence of TB pericarditis in patients with HIV infection and pericardial disease.(3,4) HIV testing often is readily available, even in resource-limited countries, and can increase the pretest probability of TB pericarditis significantly based on epidemiological [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

McMaster University, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hamilton, ON, Canada 5. University of Cape Town, Department of Statistical Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa 6. [evidence4health.org]

Reuter H, Burgess LJ, Doubell AF (2005) Epidemiology of pericardial effusions at a large academic hospital in South Africa. Epidemiol Infect 133(3):393–399 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 2. [springerlink.com]

Pathophysiology of the Pericardium. Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 2016. Tse G, Ali A, Alpendurada F, et al. Tuberculous Constrictive Pericarditis. Res Cardiovasc Med. 2015;4:e29614. Syed FF, Mayosi BM. [alliedacademies.org]

Pathophysiology The initiating event results in a chronic inflammatory pericardial process, resulting in fibrinous scarring and occasionally calcification of the pericardium ( Figure 10 ). [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

Myers RB, Spodick DH (1999) Constrictive pericarditis: clinical and pathophysiologic characteristics. Am Heart J 138(2 Pt 1):219–232 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 27. Little WC, Freeman GL (2006) Pericardial disease. [springerlink.com]

No demonstrable benefit with the use of colchicine was found in terms of prevention of pericardial constriction (p = 0.88, relative risk 1.07, 95% CI: 0.46-2.46). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

As such, prevention is a sensible strategy in the management of tuberculous constrictive pericarditis. [acc.org]