Hypertrophied scars were present at base of the testis and suprapubic region [Figure 2]. [urologyannals.com]

Dear Editor, We present the case of an 82-year-old male patient who attended our hospital emergency department complaining of pain and enlargement of his left scrotal sac. [scielo.br]

• Pseudotumor

  Figure 18 Figure 19a Diffuse fibrous pseudotumor. [pubs.rsna.org]

  In the preoperative diagnosis, the paratesticular masses were interpreted as a paratesticular fibrous pseudotumor. A histological study was necessary for the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. [scielo.br]

  An absence of such findings may make leiomyoma indistinguishable from fibrous pseudotumor and adenomatoid tumor. [knowyourbody.net]

  Cassidy FH, Ishioka KM, McMahon CJ, Chu P, Sakamoto K, Lee KS, Aganovic L: MR imaging of scrotal tumors and pseudotumors. Radiographics 2010;30:665-683. [karger.com]

• Inguinal Mass

  Ultrasound examination of the inguinal mass was performed (Figure 1-3). [appliedradiology.com]

  The omentum may become entrapped in a hernia, causing chronic abdominal pain with a persistent inguinal mass. In females, the ovary or fallopian tube can enter hernia sacs and become incarcerated or strangulated. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Pleural Effusion

  Malignant mesothelioma is a diffuse mass that usually spreads widely in the pleural space and it is associated with extensive pleural effusion as well as direct invasion to thoracic structures besides metastatic spread 1; 2; 3. [webmedcentral.com]

• Impulsivity

  […] injection of sclerosing agent Secondary Treat underlying pathology 8 DIFFERENTIATION HYDROCELE INGUINAL HERNIA Palpate cord above mass YES NO Translucent Fluctuate Fluid thrill 9 DIFFERENTIATION HYDROCELE INGUINAL HERNIA Testis palpable NO YES Cough impulse [slideplayer.com]

  A hernia usually can be reduced, transmits a cough impulse, and is not translucent. A hydrocele cannot be reduced into the inguinal canal and gives no impulse on coughing unless a hernia is also present. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Physical examination of the patients revealed a 6 cm × 5 cm cystic, fluctuant, transilluminant swelling without cough impulse. There were multiple small sebaceous cysts on the scrotal skin. Left testis was not separately palpable. [jmedsoc.org]

  Classic clinical examination tests described for primary hydrocele can be summarized as follows: Test described Findings in primary hydrocele Transillumination Positive Fluctuation Positive Reducibility Negative Impulse on coughing Absent in all except [lecturio.com]

• Scrotal Mass

  Algorithm of the likely diagnoses of a scrotal mass based on physical examination findings. Diagnosing Scrotal Masses Figure 1. Algorithm of the likely diagnoses of a scrotal mass based on physical examination findings. Figure 2. [aafp.org]

  Inguinoscrotal hernia - rare scrotal mass with multicystic structure. Peristaltic movements can occasionally be observed. [fetalultrasound.com]

  Description Scrotal malignancies are rare and of unknown etiology. There are, however, a number of benign scrotal conditions that may present as a scrotal mass and must be differentiated from a malignant process. [healthcentral.com]

  Symptoms The most common presentation is that of a chronic scrotal mass that is progressively increasing in size and painless. The mass may be of differing size as in communicating hydrocephalus. [lecturio.com]

• Testicular Mass

  A hydrocele must be distinguished from a true testicular mass, and transillumination may help, because the hydrocele will transilluminate but a testicular mass will be opaque. [library.med.utah.edu]

  Microcalcifications associated with a testicular mass in a 32-year-old male with a non-tender left scrotal mass. A, B. [e-ultrasonography.org]

  Scrotal ultrasonography is mandatory in nonpalpable testicles to rule out a subtending testicular solid mass requiring inguinal exploration. Otherwise, open hydrocelectomy via a scrotal incision is the standard treatment of idiopathic hydroceles. [nature.com]

  […] life-threatening diseases (e.g., testicular carcinoma), any patient with a new or changing scrotal mass should be evaluated immediately in the office or emergency department. [aafp.org]

• Scrotal Pain

  Inability to fully examine the testis, or the presence of other signs and symptoms such as fever, scrotal pain, erythema or swelling, abdominal pain or incomplete transillumination are indications for scrotal ultrasonography. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

  Clinical examination often yields nonspecific signs and symptoms such as scrotal pain, swelling or a palpable scrotal mass. [e-ultrasonography.org]

  In this case, pain and swelling involve both the scrotal contents and the groin area. [auanet.org]

  Dear Editor, We present the case of an 82-year-old male patient who attended our hospital emergency department complaining of pain and enlargement of his left scrotal sac. [scielo.br]

• Testicular Pain

  Diagnosis Features on history Features on exam Management Surgical Causes Testicular torsion Peak neonates and adolescents 13-16years Sudden onset unilateral testicular pain and swelling Pain usually constant May be pain in iliac fossa May follow minor [rch.org.au]

  A 20-year-old male with left testicular pain. [e-ultrasonography.org]

  CASE REPORT A 54 year-old male farmer was referred by his GP to our radiology department for a scrotal ultrasound to investigate a two week history of right testicular pain and swelling. [academic.oup.com]

  Testicular torsion presents with the rapid onset of severe testicular pain and swelling. The onset of pain may be preceded trauma, physical activity, or by no activity (e.g. during sleep). [auanet.org]

The latter is the most common finding in children. 1–5 Inguinal hernia occurs 9 times more commonly in boys than in girls, with the majority occurring on the right (60%), left (25%), and 15% are bilateral. 6,7 Diagnosis and Workup Inguinal hernia Patients [ipeg.org]

• Pleural Effusion

  Malignant mesothelioma is a diffuse mass that usually spreads widely in the pleural space and it is associated with extensive pleural effusion as well as direct invasion to thoracic structures besides metastatic spread 1; 2; 3. [webmedcentral.com]

TY - JOUR T1 - [The treatment of tunica vaginalis hydrocele by the Lord technic]. [wwww.unboundmedicine.com]

treatment, prevention, prognosis, and additional useful information HERE. [dovemed.com]

High awareness of this entity may lead to earlier diagnosis and more timely and appropriate treatment, despite the unfavorable prognosis for treatment of secondary tumor of tunica vaginalis testis at present. [bjuinternational.com]

treatment, prevention, prognosis, and additional useful information HERE. [dovemed.com]

High awareness of this entity may lead to earlier diagnosis and more timely and appropriate treatment, despite the unfavorable prognosis for treatment of secondary tumor of tunica vaginalis testis at present. [bjuinternational.com]

A stone in hydrocele does not change the management or prognosis; however, if the stone is adherent to the tunica albuginea and does not change position on ultrasonography the possibility of a tumor has to be borne in mind. [jmedsoc.org]

11 VARICOCELE Defined as an abnormal dilatation and distension of the veins of the pampiniform plexus 12 INCIDENCE 15% in the general population (8% - 23%) 16,3% in adolescents (12,4% - 25,8%) 33% in infertile men (19% - 41%) 58% - 93% left sided 13 ETIOLOGY [slideplayer.com]

Etiology Among the many causes of hydrocele, the most common tends to be the disruption of the lymphatic system. [karger.com]

Etiology Most pediatric hydroceles are congenital and, in the majority of cases, resolve within the first year of life. Most adult hydroceles are acquired. [online.epocrates.com]

Etiology Congenital There are two main subtypes of congenital hydrocele: communicating hydrocele spermatic cord hydrocele 1,2 In the communicating type, fluid collects around a patent processus vaginalis which failed to successfully obliterate. [radiopaedia.org]

Abdominal-scrotal hydrocele: fluid collection within processus vaginalis, extending into retroperitoneum Reactive hydrocele (noncommunicating): accumulation of fluid within tunica vaginalis caused by infection, trauma, or other inflammatory conditions Epidemiology [peds.unboundmedicine.com]

Epidemiology and immunopathology of bancroftian filariasis. Microbes Infect. 1999;1(12):1015‑22. [hsd-fmsb.org]

Epidemiology Clinically apparent scrotal hydroceles are evident in 6% of term males beyond the newborn period. Most paediatric hydroceles are congenital but rarer causes include malignancy and infection. [patient.info]

Clinical epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis. Effect of age and gender. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991;85:260. [ PUBMED ] 2. Sivam NS, Jayanthi S, Ananthakrishnan N, Elango A, Yuvaraj J, Hoti SL, et al. Tropical vaginal hydroceles. [indianjurol.com]

A reactive hydrocele can result from the following factors: Trauma Torsion Infection (eg, epididymo-orchitis) Abdominal or retroperitoneal operations that impair lymphatic drainage Epidemiology United States statistics The incidence of hernias is 10-20 [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] a patent processus vaginalis. [2] [3] [7] Patients with connective tissue disorders have a high risk of communicating hydroceles. [3] Outside the US, hydroceles may also be seen in patients with filariasis as a result of lymphatic obstruction. [14] Pathophysiology [online.epocrates.com]

Pathophysiology The testicles are anatomically found just below the kidneys in the peritoneal cavity during fetal development. [news-medical.net]

[…] gestational progestin use, connective tissue anomalies, cystic fibrosis, cryptorchidism, posterior urethral valves, and other syndromic disorders Trauma or infection Lymphatic obstruction (i.e., varicocelectomy, filariasis, pelvic radiation, malignancy) Pathophysiology [peds.unboundmedicine.com]

Pathophysiology During fetal development, the testicle is located below the kidney, within the peritoneal cavity. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 1600 Clifton Rd. [dovemed.com]

Prevention & Risk Assessment Prevention & Risk Assessment What are the symptoms of a hydrocele? The following are the most common symptoms of hydrocele. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. [childrensnational.org]

How can a hydrocele be prevented? The majority of hydroceles in children are congenital and thus cannot be prevented. What is the evidence? Kapur, P, Caty, MG, Glick, PL. “Pediatric hernias and hydroceles”. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]